This diploma thesis deals with current pharmacotherapeutic care with a focus on activities that nurses take part in. The aim was to collect and evaluate the views and experiences of selected nurses regarding their role in pharmacotherapy team, particularly what activities they perform in such team and how their pharmacotherapy teams work in general. SWOT analysis was then used firstly to evaluate the current role of nurses and secondly to suggest a way of implementation of possible extension of nurses' competencies in pharmacotherapy. In order to collect the required data, semi-structured interviews were conducted. These were recorded, so they could be easily processed afterwards. During transcription of the interviews into written text, all the collected data was briefly analysed. The data was further analysed using the open coding method, when three main categories with specific subcategories and subcodes were identified. All the selected men and women, which were asked for cooperation, are people working as a nurse without supervision and mentoring. Based on their career history all of them were expected to have a more specific experience with the issue. The respondents were mainly nurses with long-term working experience, often working in middle or senior management. When selecting the future...

Bakgrund: Diabetes mellitus typ 2 (DM2) ökar i världen eftersom befolkningen lever längre samt har förändrade levnadsvanor med kostvanor och stillasittande livsstil. Flera patienter upplever ett stort ansvar att ta hand om sin DM2 och oroar sig indirekt över följderna i form av diabeteskomplikationer på grund av låg hälsokunskap. Genom stöd och utbildning från sjuksköterskor kan vuxna patienter ändra sin livsstil och öka kunskapen kring egenvård.Syfte: Syftet är att belysa sjuksköterskans roll i att stödja vuxna patienter med diabetes mellitus typ 2.Metod: Uppsatsarbetet genomfördes som en litteraturöversikt med 15 artiklar var av kvalitativ- och kvantitativ kvalité. Artikelsökningarna utfördes på databaserna CINAHL och PubMed. Artiklarna som inkluderades i uppsatsarbetet publicerades 2010–2020 och besvarades utifrån litteraturöversiktens syfte och är av medel eller hög kvalitet efter artiklarna granskats med granskningsmallar.Resultat: Resultatet visar hur sjuksköterskor kan ge ett stöd kring egenvård till vuxna patienter med DM2 genom olika tillvägagångssätt. Litteraturöversiktens resultat består av tre huvudteman vilka är främjandet av egenvård, utbildning samt faktorer som försvårar stöd och egenvård som handlar om hur sjuksköterskan ska kunna ge information och kunskap kring DM2 genom rätt utbildning och stöd.Slutsats: DM2 är ett globalt växande problem vilket leder till att sjuksköterskan behöver ökad kunskap och utbildning. Resultatet visar att det finns olika sätt för sjuksköterskan att ge stöd, information samt utbildning till patienter med DM2 beroende på kunskapsnivåer och vilken motivation patienten besitter till att förändra sin egenvård vid DM2. / Background: Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) is increasing in the world as the population lives longer and has a changed lifestyle with dietary habits and is more sedentary. Patients experience a responsibility to take care of their DM2 and are indirectly concerned about the consequences in the form of diabetes complications due to low health knowledge. Through support and training from nurses, adult patients can change their lifestyle and increase their knowledge about self-care.Aim: Illuminate the role of the registered nurse in supporting adult patients with diabetes mellitus type 2.Method: The essay work was carried out as a literature review containing 15 articles was of qualitative and quantitative quality. Article searches were performed on the databases CINAHL and PubMed. The articles that were included in the essay were published between 2010-2020 and were answered the aim of the literature review. The articles have medium or high quality after the articles were reviewed trough review templates.Result: The results show how nurses can provide support for self-care to adult patients with DM2 through various approaches. The results of the literature review consist of three main themes. They are: The promotion of self-care, education and factors that make support more difficult and self-care. Which is about how the registered nurse should be able to provide information about DM2 through the correct education and support.Conclusion: DM2 is a globally growing problem, which leads to the nurse needing increasing knowledge and training. The result show that there are different ways for the nurse to provide support, information and education to patients with DM2 depending on knowledge level and the motivation the patient has to change their self-care regarding DM2.

The thesis attempts to outline the extent to which the decision-making role of nurses is utilized, and the main factors that affect decision-making of nurses within the scope of provision of nursing care. The research has found out that nurses utilize their decision-making role to an insufficient extent hence the sense and purpose of decision-making must be emphasised again. This task may be assumed by managing nurses. Managing nurses may also contribute by more effective defending of competences of nurses. From the factors needed by nurses for effective decision-making, attention should be paid particularly to education. It is necessary to make possible for nurses to extend their knowledge and thus to obtain theoretical insight (e.g. in respect of decision-making) to be used by them while providing care to a patient/client.

Bakgrund: Kroniskt obstruktiv lungsjukdom (KOL) är ett folkhälsoproblem och den tredje vanligaste dödsorsaken i världen. KOL påverkar andningsvägar och lungor och leder till begränsning av luftflödet in och ut ur lungorna. Den främsta orsaken till sjukdomen är rökning. Sjukdomen påverkar patientens välbefinnande negativt och leder till lidande. Syftet:  Syftet var att beskriva patienters upplevelser av att leva med kroniskt obstruktiv lungsjukdom (KOL).  Metod: En litteraturöversikt med tio vetenskapliga artiklar och kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultatet: Tre kategorier och åtta subkategorier identifierades. De tre kategorierna var fysisk påverkan, psykisk påverkan och upplevelser av vård på sjukhus och i hemmet. Subkategorierna var trötthet och andfåddhet, att anpassa sig efter allt, måltidsupplevelse, rädsla, ångestframkallande känslor, isolering, patientupplevelser av sjukhusvistelse och patientupplevelser av att få vård från sina närstående. Slutsats: Patientupplevelser av KOL måste beaktas för att utveckla kunskapen om sjukdomen för denna patientgrupp. Psykiska och fysiska symtom såsom dyspné, ångest, rädsla för kvävning och begränsningar relaterade till trötthet och andningssvårigheter är den gemensamma upplevelsen som patienter med KOL beskrev. Att sjuksköterskan har tillräckligt med kunskap om sjukdomen är viktigt eftersom det skapar förtroende för behandlingen och ger trygghet till patienten. / Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a public health issue and the third leading cause of death worldwide. COPD affects the airways and lungs and leads to restriction of air flow in and out of the lungs. The main cause of the disease is smoking. The disease affects the patients’ well-being negatively and leads to suffering.  Aim: The aim was to describe the patients' experiences of living with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Method: A literature review with ten scientific articles and qualitative content analysis. Result: Three categories and eight subcategories were identified. The three categories were physical impact, psychological impact, and experiences of care in hospital and at home. Subcategories were fatigue and shortness of breath, adjusting to everything, meal experience, fear, anxiety-provoking emotions, isolation, patient experiences of hospitalization and patient experiences of receiving care from their relatives.  Conclusion: The patient experience of COPD must be taken into account in order to develop knowledge about the disease for this patient group. Mental and physical effects such as dyspnea, anxiety, fear of suffocation and limitations related to fatigue and breathing difficulties are the common experiences described by patients with COPD. That the nurse has sufficient knowledge about the disease is important because it creates confidence in the treatment and gives security to the patient.

A quantitative, descriptive and contextual research study was conducted to establish the impact of the South African Nursing Council regulation number 212 on the training of theatre nurses in the Northern are of the Eastern Cape Province. A survey was conducted, using a questionnaire as research instrument. Convenience sampling was used to select the required sample of registered theatre nurses employed in the area. The data analysis revealed that the way theatre nurses are utilized in the area does not yet show an impact in terms of the aim of this course namely to develop their knowledge, skills and attitudes in order to be effective practitioners. However, the respondents felt positive about the curriculum. / Health Studies / MA (Health Studies)

Pregnancy is a period full of changes. The perception of life values by the woman and her partner are varied, changes in the life style are encountered and their roles in the life are also altered. The pregnant woman feels that nothing will be like before. She is very sensitive and also easily vulnerable. Contrastingly to the routine prenatal care, prenatal psychology searches for answering questions what the feelings in the pregnancy are in terms of the psychosocial situation, and what the impacts of this course on the newborn condition after the delivery are. The scope of the work is aimed at the importance and forms of the prenatal attachment, course and its impact on the newborn. The targets of the Diploma Work entitled "Effects of the psychosomatic situation of pregnant women on the child prenatal development" are as follows: 1) to assess the pregnant woman psychosomatic situation, 2) to evaluate the influence of psychosomatic situation on prenatal development of child 3) to determine the measure of the pregnant woman (dis)comfort throughout three trimesters and 4) to evaluate the newborn condition after the delivery. Thirty pregnant women were addressed. Fifteen women reflected on the proposal and agreed with completing an anonymous standardized scale. The respondents were contacted within a period of February 2017 to February 2018. The research sample group included the women and their newborns. The choice was intentional. The women completed the Freybergh scale, which is focused on monitoring the psychosocial situation of pregnant women. It comprised 70 questions divided into seven categories. They were answered through the mediation of a compiled web reference at http://mail.scac.cz/mrIWeb/mrIWeb.dll?I.Project=V31_TEHOTENSTVI_PORIZOVANI. The statistically processed results indicated the measure of the deprivationof pregnant women in particular trimesters and condition of the newborn after the delivery based on the pregnancy experienced. The Atlas programme was employed for the qualitative research to develop an anchored statement. From the sample group of 15 women and their 405 answers, 2% of answers were recorded corresponding to an intermediate degree of deprivation. Every respondent suffered frommild deprivation. The results of the present study will find their applications particularly to branches of prenatal psychology and gynaecology. They will serve as pilot results for a CEP project planned.

A quantitative, descriptive and contextual research study was conducted to establish the impact of the South African Nursing Council regulation number 212 on the training of theatre nurses in the Northern are of the Eastern Cape Province. A survey was conducted, using a questionnaire as research instrument. Convenience sampling was used to select the required sample of registered theatre nurses employed in the area. The data analysis revealed that the way theatre nurses are utilized in the area does not yet show an impact in terms of the aim of this course namely to develop their knowledge, skills and attitudes in order to be effective practitioners. However, the respondents felt positive about the curriculum. / Health Studies / MA (Health Studies)

Current state: Congenital cataract is an ophthalmic disorder where the clouding of the lens causes defect in its transparency and light dispersion. The child experiences a visual impairment that can be examinated depending on the age and mental state of the child. The treatment is removal of the clouded lens, subsequent correction of dioptric defects and subsequent training and monitoring of amblyopia. Purpose: of this study was to describe the roles of paediatric nurse in nursing care of children with congenital cataract and the specifics in nursing care in this condition, based on reviewed material. The following research problems were explored: What are the roles of paediatric nurse in nursing care of children with congenital cataract? What are the specifics in nursing care of children with congenital cataract? Methods: In order to reach the goal set by this study we used qualitative data and study analysis. This study implements data sources from National Medical Library in Prague, the Academic Library of University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, the library of 2. LF UK and FN Motol in Prague and the library of National center of nursing and non-medical health providers in Brno. Moreover the study reviewed the material from bibliographic databases (Cochrane Library, Ebscohost, Medscape, ProQuest, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus) and online databases of medical associations of ophthalmology (The American Academy of Ophthalmology, The Royal College of Ophthalmologists). Results: The goal of this study is to provide a comprehensive view on nursing care of children with congenital cataract. Conclusion: Even though the role of paediatric nurse in nursing care of children with congenital cataract is rather neglected in current literature, it is crucial in all forms of healthcare. In conclusion we define the role of paediatric nurse in nursing care of children with congenital cataract and description of the specifics of this care.

The diploma thesis deals with problems of depression in older people. Mainly the work is focused on identifying and analyzing the role of nurses in screening for depression in older people in primary care, acute care, long-term care and home care. This thesis was focused on theoretical direction and was used the method of design and demonstration. In this thesis was set one main goals with five research questions. The main goal was to identify and analyze the role of nurses in screening for depression in the elderly. RQ 1: What is the role of the nurse in screening for depression in the elderly? RQ 2: What is the role of the nurse in the primary care in screening for depression in the elderly? RQ 3: What is the role of the nurse in screening for depression in hospitalized patients in acute care? RQ 4: What is the role of the nurse in screening for depression in seniors in long-term and home care? RQ 5: What rating scales and methods are used in screening for depression in the elderly? The thesis introduce the concept of depression. The following are specified the causes of and the important factors that affect depression in the elderly. It also deals the differences in the clinical symptomatology of depression in old age. It explains possibilities and various barriers in the diagnosis of depression. Another chapter introduces complete geriatric examination, diagnostic classification systems, possible screening methods and scales for detection of depression in the elderly population. It also deals methods of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment and its possible complications associated with older age. By reason of increased suicide rate caused by depressive disorder the issue of suicidal behavior in the elderly is introduced. The next chapter deals with the nursing process, which is used by nurses in practice. It consists of the evaluation of the patient's health condition, making nursing diagnosis, creating nursing plan and subsequent implementation and evaluation. The nursing process is also needy for providing quality care. The nursing process in the stage of nursing diagnosis, introduces possible nursing diagnosis for a patient suffering from depression, which are based on the latest classification. Finally is described the role of nurses in screening for depression in the elderly in different health facilities and their contribution to the timely evaluation of depression in the elderly. This chapter introduces the role of nurses, nursing screening and collaboration with a physician. The role of nurses in screening for depression in different medical facilities is based on the first phase of the nursing process of assessment. On the basis of objective and subjective information, the nurse will assess the overall health and mental condition of the patient. Primarily, it was investigated what is the role of the nurse in screening for depression. On the basis of content analysis and synthesis it was necessary to used and processed domestic and foreign literature. A number of relevant sources are the results of various studies and Meta-analyzes, mostly from abroad, but also from the Czech Republic. The thesis can serve as a basis for nurses. The result of this thesis is to create e-learning material available for students in the Faculty of Health and Social Sciences of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice in the tutorial called Moodle.