Orientador: Paulo Roberto de Oliveira / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Fisica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T14:47:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maia_GustavoBastosMoreno_M.pdf: 969802 bytes, checksum: c86b4949ea48400dcef9a715c116574f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Apesar da vasta história do remo brasileiro, não se conseguiu atingir, até o presente momento, um expressivo desenvolvimento no cenário competitivo internacional. A participação mais marcante dos remadores brasileiros em competições internacionais tem ocorrido em Campeonatos Sul-Americanos e Jogos Pan-Americanos, com a conquista de algumas medalhas. Porém, o retrospecto em competições internacionais de maior expressão ¿ como os Jogos Olímpicos, os Campeonatos do Mundo e, mais recentemente, a Copa do Mundo ¿ demonstram a falta de êxito do sistema de preparação desportiva de remadores brasileiros quando comparado aos de outros países. É urgente a necessidade de buscarem-se alternativas que possam auxiliar a superação da condição atual. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo o estudo do efeito de dois modelos de treinamento. Ambos corresponderam à etapa básica do Sistema de Treinamento de Cargas Concentradas de Força, desenvolvido por Verkhoshansky. A duração do Modelo 1 (M1) foi de quatro semanas, enquanto no Modelo 2 (M2) o treino durou nove semanas. Em relação ao conteúdo do treinamento, houve uma tendência à utilização de cargas de maior intensidade no M1 quando comparado ao M2. No M2 houve a predominância do volume de treinamento em relação ao M1. O efeito de treinamento foi verificado em testes de remoergômetro a partir da observação da alteração percentual ocorrida, entre o momento pré (T0) e pós-treinamento (T1), nos testes de 125 m (potência máxima), 250 m (capacidade anaeróbia lática), 2000 m (potência aeróbia), W4 (limiar anaeróbio), Agachamento (AG) (força máxima), Levantamento Terra (LT) (força máxima) e Remada Deitada (RD) (força máxima). A amostra foi composta por três remadores com passagem pela seleção nacional: dois da categoria peso livre, com idades de 18 e 19 anos, e um da categoria peso leve de 27 anos. Os testes de força máxima apresentaram, em ambos os modelos, uma tendência a revelar alterações negativas, conforme esperado, enquanto os demais mostraram variações positivas. Este fato sugere que as cargas de treinamento relacionadas à força máxima foram organizadas coerentemente com a proposta do Sistema de Treinamento de Cargas Concentradas. Já a organização das cargas relativas aos demais indicadores não foram suficientemente concentradas para provocar alterações negativas na etapa básica, tal como preconiza o Sistema de Treinamento de Cargas Concentradas / Abstract: The sport of rowing has a long history in Brazil, yet Brazilian national rowing teams have failed so far to achieve international success. The best results have occurred in South American Championships and the Pan American Games, were medals have been won. However, the results shown in higher level competitions ¿ like the World Championships, the Olympic Games and, more recently, the World Cup ¿ demonstrate an unsuccessful training system when compared to winning countries. It is urgent and necessary to look for new alternatives to improve Brazilian rowing. This study focuses on the effects of two training models. Both were related to the Concentrated Strength Loads Training System basic phase, developed by Verkhoshansky. Model 1 (M1) duration was four weeks long, while Model 2 (M2) lasted nine weeks. Regarding its content, there was a tendency to use higher intensity training loads in M1 when compared to M2. Training volume was greater in M2 than in M1. Training effects were measured through percentile changes between pre (T0) and post (T1) training in rowing ergometer 125 m tests (maximal power output), 250 m (lactic anaerobic capacity), 2000 m (aerobic power), W4 (lactate treshold), maximal strength in the squat (AG), the deadlift and the bench pull. Three national team level male rowers aged 18 and 19 years ¿ both heavyweight ¿ and a 27 years old lightweight participated in the experiment. In both models, results in maximal strength tests declined, as expected, but all other parameters showed improvements. The results suggest the training loads related to maximal strength were organized in accordance with the Concentrated Strength Loads Training System. Training loads related to all other parameters were not concentrated enough in order to provoke negative changes in the basic phase, as proposed by the Concentrated Strength Loads Training System / Mestrado / Mestre em Educação Física

The main topic of this thesis is to map and assess the impact of CrossFit workout on rowers performance. Next is comparison of rowers who practice CrossFit workout and who not, and both fitness and the technical side. In the theoretical part is mentioned characterics of rowing, rowing disciplines, categories, rowing tracks and means of rowers. Other chapters deal with plyometric training, CrossFit and sports training. There are mentioned means of CrossFit workout and exercises suitable for rowers. The practical part characterized rowers which are monitored and compared, followed by a comparison and evaluation of the results. Key words Rowing, rower, CrossFit, workout, ergometer, strength, condition, technique

In order to test the effect of artificially induced alkalosis and acidosis on the appearance of blood lactate and work production, six well-trained oarsmen (age= 23.8 ±2.5 wt = 82.0 ±7.5kg.) were tested on three separate occasions after ingestion of 0.3 gm/kg body wt. NH4C1 (acidosis) , NaHC03 (alkalosis) or a placebo (control). Blood was taken from a forearm vein immediately prior to exercise for determination of pH and bicarbonate (HC03). One hour following the ingestion period, subjects rowed on a stationary ergometer at a pre-determined sub-maximal rate for 4 minutes, then underwent an immediate transition to a maximal effort for 2 minutes. Blood samples from an indwelling catheter placed in the cephalic vein were taken at rest and every 30 seconds throughout the 6 minute exercise test, and every 3 minutes during a 30 minute passive recovery period. Pre-exercise blood values demonstrated significant differences (p<0.01) in pH and HC03 in all three conditions. Work outputs were unchanged in the submaximal test and in the maximal test (p>0.05), although a trend toward decreased production was evident in the acidotic condition. Analysis of exercise blood samples using ANOVA with repeated measures revealed that the linear increase in blood lactate concentration([BLA]) during control was significantly greater than acidosis (p<0.01), although [BLa] during alkalosis were consistently elevated above control there was no significant difference in the linear trend (p>0.05). During recovery, there was no significant difference in the rate of lactate disappearance amongst the three conditions. It was concluded that under this protocol artificial manipulation of the acid-base status of the blood does not significantly influence work production despite significantly reduced [BLa] during acidosis. The inability of these pH changes to alter exercise performance emphasizes the relative importance of the intracellular and the extracellular buffer systems in well trained athletes. / Education, Faculty of / Curriculum and Pedagogy (EDCP), Department of / Graduate

The purpose of this study was to assess the energy demands of a 2,000 meter race simulation (RS) for national level oarswomen; as evaluated on a rowing ergometer (RE). A Progressive Intensity Test (P.I.T.) was also performed on the RE to further evaluate the RS. Six national level oarswomen (X values: age= 24.5 yrs., ht= 179 cm, wt= 75 kg), all current national team candidates (1988), participated in this investigation. A 6 1/2 minute tape recorded water race was used to execute a 2,000 meter RS on a Dr. Gjessing Ergorow ergometer. The tape recording was an actual race tape that was respliced to last exactly 6 1/2 minutes. Metabolic and respiratory exchange variables were continuously monitored by an open circuit method, utilizing a Beckman Metabolic Measurement Cart interfaced on-line with a Hewlitt Packard 3052A data acquisition system. The energy demands were calculated from metabolic variables, total oxygen cost and the analysis of excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (recovery V0₂).Results indicated a mean V0₂max. of 3.85 1.min⁻¹ , mean net V0₂ of 24.48 1 and a mean recovery V0₂ of 4.92 1. This represented the aerobic cost of the event at approximately 80% or 4/5ths of the total energy cost while the anaerobic contribution was approximately 20% of l/5th of the total energy cost. During the RS, V0₂ values rapidly increased to 90% of mean V0₂max. (3.85 l.min⁻¹) in the first two minutes. Mean max. VE (BTPS) RS value was 122.4 1.min⁻¹. VE plateaued after two minutes and remained around 90% of P.I.T. mean max. VE for the final 4 1/2 minutes. Mean max. excess C0₂ for RS was 19.81 ml.kg⁻¹.min⁻¹. The average maximal heart rate, as recorded in the RS was 192.8 bpm. The results of this study indicate the high aerobic demands and tremendous exercise intensity involved in the 2,000 meter RS. / Education, Faculty of / Curriculum and Pedagogy (EDCP), Department of / Graduate

This thesis deals with human powered vehicles. It contains history, division, examples of these vehicles, but especially design of quite new vehicle with an unique driving mechanism.

The Rowing Coaches is about friendship, money, love, loss, and rowing. It chronicles the turning point in the lives of three friends who are professional rowing coaches. The friends are Don Bestos, Bill Maxwell, and Bergman, men who are or were at the very top of their sport, and now question their friendships with each other and where their lives are headed. The story takes place on a weekend in the summer of 2000 at the USRowing Convention in Las Vegas, the big blow-out for everyone in the sport of rowing. The Rowing Coaches also offers a look at an esoteric and often misunderstood sport. The main character is Don Bestos, a fifty-year-old head coach from Northeastern University. Don is recently divorced and has yet to move on from the failure of his marriage. The memory of his ex-wife Annie causes him physical pain and occasionally haunts him. Don is in crisis and he questions what he has done with his life and whether he can continue with his chosen career. Don's concerns are compounded by his alcoholism. He grapples with his addiction throughout the story. Don also has a peculiar gift; upon touching certain inanimate objects, such as a boat, he can sense if the object has a soul. Don's best friend is Bergman, the obese head coach from the University of Pennsylvania. Bergman's team has been losing for years and he has lost the drive to continue as an elite rowing coach. Bergman is a loyal friend and he watches out for his friends. The one coach who appears to be on the upswing is Billy Maxwell, Don's assistant coach at Northeastern. Billy is a former Olympian and he is considered one of the rising stars in the coaching profession. Billy has been a winner at every level in the sport and he is willing to sacrifice everything to win, even friendship. Other characters include Stacy Kookla, a sociable sales representative for the top rowing boat manufacturer in the country; Andy Carr, the head coach of Yale University; and Missy Krajcik, the fastest female rower in the world.

The purpose of this study was two-fold: to quantitatively explore competitive rowers' perspectives of the benefits and barriers to exercise, and to use follow-up qualitative interviews to elicit insight into rowers' views of their sport culture, personal experience, and what it takes to be a dedicated, adherent athlete. A mixed-methods approach was used with online surveys and semi-structured interviews. Participants were club and university rowers in the Northeast Atlantic region, all of whom were at least 18 years of age and actively rowing at the time of study One hundred thirty-one athletes, 77 female and 54 male, participated in the quantitative phase of the study. The online survey included the Exercise Benefits/Barriers Scale (EBBS), a 43-item, 4-point Likert scale measure, and a Basic Demographics Questionnaire (BDQ). The EBBS measured perceived benefits of and barriers to physical exercise. Statistical analysis revealed no strong correlations between the EBBS factors and demographic data. An eight-factor solution resulted, with five benefits (psycho-physical competence, daily functional efficiency, psycho-emotional stability, preventative health, and social interaction) and three barriers (personal inconvenience, physical exertion, and family encouragement). The eight-factor solution correlated strongly with the original nine-factor solution from Sechrist, Walker, and Pender (1987). Nine participants, five men and four women, participated in follow-up interviews. Interviews were performed at a time and place convenient for the rower. The purpose of the interview was to elicit specific, genuine, rich content related to their rowing experience and how the benefits and barriers to physical activity and their place in rowing culture affect exercise adherence. Using an inductive-deductive approach prescribed by grounded theory, two core categories and additional sub-categories were developed in the coding process. From the data analysis, hindering factors and facilitating factors emerged as the core categories. Physical conditioning and health, optimization of personal characteristics, psycho-emotional stability, strong social community, environment, and interpretation of perceived barriers were subsumed under facilitating factors. The following sub-themes were contained in hindering factors: exercise demands, environment, and social issues. Rowers perceived strongly the benefits of their rowing experience, and stated that barriers are inherent to exercise and they are responsible for adapting to them. / Kinesiology

This dissertation focuses primarily on the Impressionist artist Gustave Caillebotte's paintings of rowers on the Yerres River outside Paris, created in the late 1870s. The works engage with many of the radical shifts in social and cultural norms that took place during the latter half of the nineteenth-century as industrialization and urbanization increasingly affected daily life in Europe and America. The paintings are in dialogue with developments in the fine arts, including the growing influence of Impressionism and avant-garde artists, and deal extensively with the male figure, reacting to and engaging with changing norms of masculinity. To fully examine the works, I focus on five areas of comparison. First, in considering the possible implications of changing masculine ideals in relation to the physical body during the period, I consider Caillebotte's controversial nude male bathers. I then contrast Caillebotte's oarsmen with both the professional rowers portrayed by his American contemporary Thomas Eakins, and the more leisurely boating scenes of his fellow Impressionists. Finally, I examine the history of the dandy/flâneurs figure, arguing that Caillebotte's rowers illustrate the artist's attempt to reinvent and modernize the concept. My thesis attempts to bridge different methodological approaches that have tended to isolate aspects of the artist's work, thereby obscuring his overall project of engaging with both the social and theoretical concept of modernity. Although the artist is underrepresented in the general literature of Impressionism, he has lately played a significant role in texts examining Impressionist interest in the suburban vacation spots along the Seine River. Such authors have illuminated Caillebotte's background as a serious sportsman, an aspect of the artist previously underexplored. I also build on feminist and queer theorists, who in recent years have called attention to the potential for sexual subversity within Caillebotte's oeuvre. Although acknowledging a debt to all of these scholars, my dissertation is an attempt to expand the scholarly conversation by examining how these works explore the concept of modernity, both formally, in the manner in which Caillebotte calls attention to the artifice of painting and socially, in how he engages with the changing physical landscape and the increasing potential for leisure activities outside Paris following the Franco-Prussian War. Finally, in arguing that Caillebotte rowers are transported flâneurs, who, though now engaged in daytime paddling rather than evening strolling, continue their mission of anonymity and observation, I suggest an expansion of the very definition of flâneurs, and by extension, the dandy figure that remains relevant as a type even today. / Art History

A multidisciplinary approach for the modeling and analysis of the performance of Olympic rowing boats is presented. The goal is to establish methodologies and tools that would determine the effects of variations in applied forces and rowers motions and weights on mean surge speed and oscillatory boat motions. The coupling between the rowers motions with the hull and water forces is modeled with a system of equations. The water forces are computed using several fluid dynamic models that have different levels of accuracy and computational cost. These models include a solution of the Reynolds Averaged Navier--Stokes equations complemented by a Volume of Fluid method, a linearized 3D potential flow simulation and a 2D potential flow simulation that is based on the strip theory approximation. These results show that due to the elongated shape of the boat, the use of Sommerfeld truncation boundary condition does not yield the correct frequency dependence of the radiative coefficients. Thus, the radiative forces are not computed in the time-domain problem by means of a convolution integral, accounting for flow memory effects, but were computed assuming constant damping and added mass matrices. The results also show that accounting for memory effects significantly improves the agreement between the strip theory and the RANS predictions. Further improvements could be obtained by introducing corrections to account for longitudinal radiative forces, which are completely neglected in the strip theory. The coupled dynamical system and the multi-fidelity fluid models of the water forces were then used to perform a sensitivity analysis of boat motions to variations in rowers weights, exerted forces and cadence of motion. The sensitivity analysis is based on the polynomial chaos expansion. The coefficients of each random basis in the polynomial chaos expansion are computed using a non-intrusive strategy. Sampling, quadrature, and linear regression methods have been used to obtain the these coefficients from the outputs generated by the system at each sampling point. The results show that the linear regression method provides a very good approximation of the PCE coefficients. In addition, the number of samples needed for the expansion, does not grow exponentially with the number of varying input parameters. For this reason, this method has been selected for performing the sensitivity analysis. The sensitivity of output parameters to variations in selected input parameters of the system are obtained by taking the derivatives of the expansion with respect to each input parameter. Three test cases are considered: a light-weight female single scull, a male quad scull, and a male coxless four. For all of these cases, results that relate the effects of variations in rowers weights, amplitudes of exerted forces and cadence of rowing on mean boat speed and energy ratio, defined as the ratio of kinetic energy of the forward motion to that of the oscillatory motions, are presented. These results should be useful in the design of rowing boats as well as in the training of rowers. / Ph. D.

Title of diploma thesis: Comparison of the conditions for leisure rowing in Portugal and in the Czech Republic Author: Bc. Kristýna Kyselá Supervisor of diploma thesis: Prof. Ing. Václav Bunc, CSc. Objective: Mapping the attitudes with opinions of rowing coaches from outside Prague rowing clubs on the implementation and management of leisure rowing by adults in clubs of their competence. Then determination whether the demand for courses for newcomers with no previous experience with rowing correspond with offer in the interviewed rowing clubs. Methodology: To meet the objectives of the work was made survey, which was conducted with fourteen responsible rowing coaches from different rowing clubs from seven regions. Results: This thesis contributed to the possibility of using rowing for addressing the decrease of the fitness and change from a sedentary lifestyle to an active, when rowing positively affects several components of fitness. Based on the investigation it was found that it is an interest in leisure rowing in rowing clubs outside of Prague, where in six sections leads to its realization. The research also pointed out that the main problem of the introduction of leisure rowing into the clubs outside of Prague is money. Keywords: fitness, lifestyle, activ lifestyle, healthy lifestyle, Crew...