Item lacks publication date - publication date of 1980-1985 indicated by UA Library Catalog and WorldCat.

In Taiwan, the rubber industry began to bloom from the Japanese Colonial Era, and most of the rubber technologies were originated from Japan. Its evolution began from the rubber parts to the synthetic rubber manufacturing. The most of synthetic rubber manufacturers are cooperated with companies from Japan and US, the rubber industry was allowed to develop vigorously in a short period of time. In contrary to Taiwan, China could only obtain the obsolete rubber technologies and management skills from the Former USSR due to economy sanction during the Cold War period. The rubber industries lagged behind in terms of quality, production efficiency, and management. As China embraced the Socialist Planned Economy after the Communist Victory in Civil War, the marketing and sales made subject to state control and development was being dragged. After the Reform and Opening-Up, although there were a bunch of rubber manufacturers from Japan and western countries started to establish local production activities in China, the foreign investment bogged down after the Tiananman Square Protest in 1989. Only the Taiwanese manufacturers moved their steps to China against the tide with modern production technologies and management skills. The complementary development brought by Taiwan and China contributed significant improvement in quality of Chinese rubber goods and became a story on everybody¡¦s lips on the cooperation of the rubber industries between two sides of Taiwan Strait. Rubber industries are closely related to national defense and consumer goods, which makes themselves equally import to plastic industries. However, due to the labor-intensive nature of rubber industries and the serious lack of labor force in Taiwan in 1990¡¦s, the Taiwanese rubber industries began to move their production sites to China and accelerated the inosculation of the rubber industries in Taiwan and China. As the main raw material of rubber industries, the synthetic rubber is no exceptional either. In the end of 20th Century, China has successfully become the ¡§World Factory¡¨ and the consumption and capacity of synthetic rubber became the top of the world. Then the financial crisis in 2008 turned the China¡¦s policies to concentrate the development of the domestic demand, which made China the ¡§World Market¡¨. In recent years, the relationships between Taiwan and China have been substantially improved. The Economy Cooperation Framework Agreement (ECFA) is officially signed and taking effects, the economical activities and relationships between both sides are expected to be more liberalized than the past. The study is specially focused on the evolution of the marketing channel of the synthetic rubber between Taiwan and China, and how ECFA is going to possibly affect the synthetic rubber industries. The study will integrate the writer¡¦s points of view and the various ideas abstracted from the interviews with the several Associations and main agents/distributors in Taiwan and China in order to infer the trends of future development of rubber industries. With this study, the readers who are in the business are allowed to be more clear about the evolution of the marketing channel of the synthetic rubber industries and the trends of future development, so that the readers can take the initiatives to prepare for the future.

No description available.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Carleton University, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 311-326). Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Columbia University, 1944. / "First edition." Published also without thesis note. Vita. "Selected bibliography": p. 419-430.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Columbia University, 1944. / "First edition." Published also without thesis note. Vita. "Selected bibliography": p. 419-430.

Doctorat en sciences sociales, politiques et économiques / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

M. Tech., (Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology Vaal University of Technology| / The methods used to remove potassium sulphate (K2S04) and other impurities contained within Karbochem finishing plant effluent were investigated. Reverse osmosis was explored for this application. The study was conducted in two steps. The first step focuses mainly on the effluent treatment using BW30 flatsheet as well as BW30-2540 spiral-wound reverse osmosis membranes for the rejection of potassium and sulphate ions. The membranes were supplied by Filmtec. The second step reveals the possible use of potassium sulphate obtained from the brine stream in the fertiliser and fertigation industry by a literature search. Reverse osmosis study was conducted on a laboratory scale unit using flat sheet membranes and also on a pilot plant scale using spiral wound membrane modules. The tests were conducted at a feed pressure of 20 bar(g) with the membrane rejections being 98% and 99.1% on flat sheet membrane, and 96.9% and 99.4% on spiral wound membrane for potassium and sulphates respectively. The results show that both membranes have completely desalinated. Significant reduction in the concentrations of all problematic quality parameters, especially of potassium and the sulphate ions was noted. Granular activated carbon (GAC) bed treatment was recommended for pretreatment of the effluent prior to exposure of the membrane to avoid organic fouling of the membrane. GAC treatment was tested to illustrate its effectiveness to adsorb the COD's. / NRF

Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Engineering: Mechanical Engineering, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, 2016. / Pneumatic tyres are of major importance in the modern life. It is estimated that over one billion tyres are manufactured worldwide annually. The manufacturing process is rather power consuming one, mainly to a curing operation taking place in a press dome. The tyre compression mould warm up process is a powerful heat transfer technique. Saturated steam is fed into a press dome to directly transfer heat energy into the prismatic container through convection and conduction heat transfer. This dissertation concerns the work done at Apollo-Dunlop tyres, the tyre compression mould warm up process was optimised to reduce the high energy cost. A heat transfer numerical analysis was carried out to investigate the steam quantity required to warm up the tyre compression mould from an ambient temperature ( ) to operational temperature ( ). Thereafter, an experimental work was performed to investigate the actual duration required to warm up the tyre compression mould to the operational temperature. This was achieved by establishing a temperature profile of the tyre compression mould during the warm up session. The numerical analysis and the experimental results were correlated to create a new warm up process with reduced steam consumption and warm up duration. The new warm up process was tested and the results are furnished in this study (see Appendix B for the performance results sheet). Apollo-Dunlop tyres (Pty) Ltd reduced a five hour tyre compression mould warm up process to a three hour process. The implementation of the proposed reduced warm up process occurred after the research work in this paper was presented to Apollo-Dunlop tyres (Pty) Ltd board members. This work was acknowledged by the company management and a new technological process has been implemented (Appendix A for the relevant documents, note: the specifications sheet show the warm-up duration as four hours, but the actual operational warm up duration is five hours). A cost saving analysis on energy usage was carried out to indicate that Apollo–Dunlop tyres will currently save approximately around about 0.64 million per year after implementing this study. / M

Thesis (M.A.)--Youngstown State University, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 113-117). Also available via the World Wide Web in PDF format.