Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-10-05T12:04:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 gabrieldemendoncadomingues.pdf: 5641783 bytes, checksum: 0251a358b2d999eec22740e1f0b874f7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-10-05T13:56:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 gabrieldemendoncadomingues.pdf: 5641783 bytes, checksum: 0251a358b2d999eec22740e1f0b874f7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-05T13:56:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 gabrieldemendoncadomingues.pdf: 5641783 bytes, checksum: 0251a358b2d999eec22740e1f0b874f7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-04-16 / O crescimento acelerado dos grandes centros urbanos, associado ao crescimento do movimento ambientalista nas últimas décadas, vem impulsionando a migração de um número cada vez maior de pessoas de origem urbana a espaços rurais de significativo valor natural e paisagístico. Questionando a qualidade de vida e o modelo desenfreado de consumo dos recursos naturais observado nos grandes centros urbanos, eles buscam reinventar a sua relação com a natureza e disseminar idéias ambientalistas que tenham em vista uma nova maneira de o ser humano pensar a sua relação com a natureza. Entretanto observa-se que as propostas ambientalistas, apresentadas sob a perspectiva dos moradores de origem urbana ou de atores externos à localidade, chocam-se, muitas vezes, com a visão de mundo, os hábitos tradicionais e os valores culturais, próprios dos moradores de origem rural, gerando desconfiança e resistência às propostas ambientalistas trazidas pelos forasteiros. Evidencia-se assim, os conflitos e as contradições originadas dessa busca da sociedade urbana pelo “reencontro com a natureza”. A pesquisa foi realizada no município de Teresópolis-RJ, junto às comunidades de Canoas, Prata dos Aredes e Varginha, situadas no entorno do Parque Estadual dos Três Picos, maior unidade de conservação administrada pelo Instituto Estadual do Ambiente – Inea. A pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar, sob a perspectiva dos diferentes atores locais, a complexidade sociocultural que se forma na localidade a partir da chegada dos moradores de origem urbana, confrontando as diferentes visões de mundo e explicitando os desafios colocados ao trabalho de educação ambiental na localidade. Nesse contexto, o estudo das interações entre as pessoas de origem rural e urbana deixa clara a importância do trabalho de educação ambiental na promoção do diálogo entre os diversos atores locais, visando à superação dos conflitos e à implantação de um modelo de desenvolvimento local que, de fato, se contraponha ao insustentável modelo urbano-industrial. Esse tipo de trabalho torna-se também fundamental para a realização plena dos objetivos propostos com a criação do PETP, uma vez que cria as condições necessárias para a implantação da sua Zona de Amortecimento. Para a realização da pesquisa, foi adotada uma abordagem qualitativa e utilizados métodos da observação participante, entrevistas não estruturadas e semi-estruturadas, buscando assinalar a influência da maneira de pensar o espaço rural - e as suas relações com o urbano - na qualidade da relação sociedade/natureza. / The fast expansion of urban centers associated with the environmetal movement enlargement has generated a growing flow of migration from urban to rural areas, where significant natural landscapes are found. Dissatisfied with the conditions of life and with the model of uncontrolled consumption of natural resources observed in the big urban centers, they try to reinvent their relationship with nature and disseminate the environmental concepts, aiming at a new way of thinking the human relationship with nature. However, we observe that the environmental proposals presented under the perspective of the outsiders has been clashing itself with the world views, traditional habits and cultural values of the rural people, generating mistrust and showing up the conflicts and contradictions of this urban people’s attempt to meet their “lost relationship with nature”. This work was made in Teresópolis, Rio de Janeiro State, in the communities of Canoas, Prata dos Aredes and Varginha, on the nearside of the Parque Estadual dos Três Picos - PETP (Three Peaks State Park). The research’s objective was to analyse, by the perspective of the different local players, the sociocultural complexity formed with the arrival of urban people at the local, confronting the different world views and setting out the challenges of a work with environmental education on these communities. At that context, the study of interactions between rural and urban people emphasizes the importance of the environmental education to improve the dialogue between the different local actors, aiming at to overcome the conflicts and to implement a model of local development actually different from the urban-industrial model. In the same way, this model becomes fundamental for the complete realization of PETP’s goals, creating the conditions to consolidate its buffering zone. A qualitative perspective was adopted in this research. Participant observation, non structured and semi-structured interviews were the tools used in order to understand the relationship between nature and society, the way of thinking rural space is conceived and its interaction with the urban side.

No description available.

BACKGROUND: Studies done in both developed and developing countries have reported the tendencies of adolescents to engage in risky behaviours. Such behaviours include indulging in early and unsafe sexual activities, having multiple sexual partners, alcohol and drug use and dropping out of school among others. PURPOSE: The main aim of the study was to develop intervention strategies for reducing sexual risk practices among adolescents in Ethiopia. METHODS: A mixed method approach using quantitative and qualitative approaches was employed in order to investigate the risks of sexual practices among urban and rural adolescents in the selected area. A cross-sectional survey was used to gather data quantitatively and focus group discussions were used for the qualitative part of data collection. A total of 449 students and 72 FGD participants were selected for quantitative and qualitative study respectively using systematic random sampling technique. Logistic regression was done to identify possible factors associated with knowledge on emergency contraceptive, condom utilisation, pre-marital sex practices and perception of risky sexual practices. RESULTS: One hundred and seventy (37.9%) respondents had experienced sexual intercourse at the time of the study. The higher proportion (42.6%) of those who had engaged in sexual relationships was from the rural school compared to 33.1% in the urban schools. The proportion of sexually active respondents was higher among males (44.8%) compared to (29%) females. Multiple partners were higher in rural adolescents (44.7%) compared to 31.8% among urban adolescents. Sexually Transmitted Diseases were reported by 28.6% of the sexually active adolescents and the prevalence was higher among males (73.5%) compared to 27% females. 87% of the sexually active adolescents rarely used a condom. CONCLUSION: The study identified a knowledge gap on ASRH which limited adolescents to access reproductive services. Social, cultural and economic factors contributed to adolescent engagement in risky sexual behaviours. Based on the major findings of this study, intervention strategies targeting behavioural, biomedical and structural interventions were proposed. / Health Studies / D. Litt. et Phil. (Health Studies)

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T14:17:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luis Augusto Vieira.pdf: 705758 bytes, checksum: df96cd0b5bd96cd02ca908a2e83b4eba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-10-07 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The object of this dissertation is the political participation process of the residents from Catuçaba distric, wich belongs to São Luiz do Pariaitinga municipality in the state of São Paulo, in 2007 and 2008. It aims to recognize and analyses the expressions of this political participation focusing on the moments of political stably and change which happened in this process. The hypothesis is that the Catuçaba residents' political participation is predominantly electoral, and so, presents as its main aspect of stability the maintenance of power centralization in mayor candidates and as its main aspect of change the reduction of the family's roll in the decision making process. The concepts adopted as reference, in a interdisciplinary approach of a historic-politic-cultural perspective, were: rural space, urban space, political participation, caipira culture. The research is qualitative and adopts as methodological procedures a bibliographic research, a documental research, researcher's participative observation and field research. A interview semi-structured in orientating topics was used as collecting instrument. Five persons, chosen among the former residents (which has been living in the are for more then 5 years), associated with local political groups. The gathered information was analyzed by its content. The survey results showed that the design of political participation of the residents of Catuçaba remains predominantly character of elections, also remained significant relationships of friendship and compadrio in political decisions, and of gender relations remain macho, with limited political participation of women. The results also showed, as relevant changes in the local political structure, the loss of the centrality of political power by traditional families, which has as a result of the recognition ability of the administration candidate, rather than his personal prestige and family, in addition, relations of Catuçaba of voters, with his political opponents are more flexible and less violence / O objeto da presente dissertação é o processo de participação política dos moradores do distrito de Catuçaba do município de São Luiz do Paraitinga, no Estado de São Paulo, no período de 2007/ 2008. O objetivo é conhecer e analisar as expressões dessa participação política enfocando permanências e mudanças políticas que ocorreram nesse processo. A hipótese levantada é de que a participação política dos catuçabenses é predominantemente eleitoral, e, nesse sentido, apresenta como aspecto principal de permanência a centralidade do poder na figura do candidato a prefeito, e como aspecto principal de mudança a diminuição do poder decisório da família na vida política municipal. Os conceitos adotados de referência foram o espaço rural, o espaço urbano, a participação política, e a cultura caipira, em uma abordagem interdisciplinar, numa perspectiva crítica de análise histórico-político-cultural. A pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa, tendo como procedimentos metodológicos, o levantamento bibliográfico, a pesquisa documental, a observação participante do pesquisador e a pesquisa de campo. Como instrumento de coleta de dados na pesquisa de campo foi utilizada a entrevista semi-estruturada com tópicos orientadores. Foram entrevistados cinco sujeitos, escolhidos entre moradores antigos da referida localidade (residentes há mais de cincos anos), vinculados aos grupos políticos locais. As informações conseguidas foram analisadas por meio de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados da pesquisa apontaram que a concepção de participação política dos moradores de Catuçaba permanece predominantemente de caráter eleitoral, permanecendo também relações significativas de amizade e compadrio nas decisões políticas, bem como permanecendo relações de gênero machistas, com limitada participação política da mulher. Os resultados apontaram ainda, como mudanças relevantes, na estrutura política local, a perda da centralidade do poder político pelas famílias tradicionais, o que tem como conseqüência o reconhecimento da capacidade de administração do candidato, e não tanto seu prestígio pessoal e familiar, além disso, as relações dos eleitores de Catuçaba, com seus adversários políticos são mais flexíveis e de menos violência

BACKGROUND: Studies done in both developed and developing countries have reported the tendencies of adolescents to engage in risky behaviours. Such behaviours include indulging in early and unsafe sexual activities, having multiple sexual partners, alcohol and drug use and dropping out of school among others. PURPOSE: The main aim of the study was to develop intervention strategies for reducing sexual risk practices among adolescents in Ethiopia. METHODS: A mixed method approach using quantitative and qualitative approaches was employed in order to investigate the risks of sexual practices among urban and rural adolescents in the selected area. A cross-sectional survey was used to gather data quantitatively and focus group discussions were used for the qualitative part of data collection. A total of 449 students and 72 FGD participants were selected for quantitative and qualitative study respectively using systematic random sampling technique. Logistic regression was done to identify possible factors associated with knowledge on emergency contraceptive, condom utilisation, pre-marital sex practices and perception of risky sexual practices. RESULTS: One hundred and seventy (37.9%) respondents had experienced sexual intercourse at the time of the study. The higher proportion (42.6%) of those who had engaged in sexual relationships was from the rural school compared to 33.1% in the urban schools. The proportion of sexually active respondents was higher among males (44.8%) compared to (29%) females. Multiple partners were higher in rural adolescents (44.7%) compared to 31.8% among urban adolescents. Sexually Transmitted Diseases were reported by 28.6% of the sexually active adolescents and the prevalence was higher among males (73.5%) compared to 27% females. 87% of the sexually active adolescents rarely used a condom. CONCLUSION: The study identified a knowledge gap on ASRH which limited adolescents to access reproductive services. Social, cultural and economic factors contributed to adolescent engagement in risky sexual behaviours. Based on the major findings of this study, intervention strategies targeting behavioural, biomedical and structural interventions were proposed. / Health Studies / D. Litt. et Phil. (Health Studies)

博士(経済学) / 乙第429号 / vii, 140, [137]p / 一橋大学

<p dir="ltr">This dissertation analyzes the sixty-four (64) page handwritten ledger of Mrs. Goldleana Harris (also known as Mrs. Mosley Abraham Gibbs, 1920–1986), kept between 1944 and 1960. Harris is a Black woman born in Longstreet, Louisiana DeSoto Parish. She lived in Shreveport, Louisiana from 1949–1986. Using a case study approach and close reading analysis of Mrs. Goldleana’s writings, I document a Black woman’s lived experience and the historical significance of Hollywood, a segregated Black neighborhood in Shreveport, Louisiana and related gathering spaces within the Deep South region of the United States between 1944 and 1960. These spaces include five areas of significant and overlapping importance: The Family House, The School House, The Church House, The Labor (Work) House, & The Play (Leisure) House. </p>