Magistro darbe yra išanalizuota bei susisteminta Lietuvos bei užsienio autorių mokslinė literatūra kaimo bendruomenių veiklos tematika, išanalizuota kaimo bendruomenių įstatyminė bazė bei jų veiklos finansavimo būdai, išsiaiškinamos gyvenimo kokybės gerinimo galimybės Šiaulių apskrities kaimo vietovėse dėka veikiančių kaimo bendruomenių. Tyrimo metu renkama informacija apie Šiaulių apskrities kaimo bendruomenių organizacijų veiklą, kliūtis su kuriomis jos susiduria savo veikloje bei analizuojama kokiu būdu ir kokiomis priemonėmis įmanoma plėtoti bei tobulinti kaimo bendruomenių veiklą Šiaulių regione. Esminė tyrimo problema formuluojama kaip sugrąžinti gyventojus, ypatingai jaunimą į nedidelius miestelius ar kaimus, kokiu būdu kurti darbo vietas išsilavinusiems žmonėms. Baigiamajame darbe patvirtinama suformuluota hipotezė, kad bendruomenių stiprinimas ir plėtra – tai galimybė užtikrinti Lietuvos kaimo perspektyvas, sukurti naują kaimo struktūrą, tokiu būdu įrodant, kad kaimas – tai ne tik vieta, kur gaminami žemės ūkio produktai. / In the Master’s degree thesis the scientific publications by Lithuanian and foreign authors, concerning the countryside communities activities, were analysed and systematized; the legitimate basis and the ways of financial supply allotted to countryside communities activities reviewed; the possibilities to improve the quality of life in the villages of Šiauliai Country, owing to the acting countryside communities, were found out. During the process of investigation, there was collected information about the activities offered by the Šiauliai Country countryside communities and their organizations, about the obstacles that arose in their proceedings, and analysis was done, how and taking what measures it is possible to expand and improve the activities of countryside communities in Šiauliai area. In the graduation thesis a hypothesis was formulated, stating that strengthening and expansion of communities create a possibility to assure further perspectives of Lithuanian village and to create its new structure, thus proving the village to be not just a place, where agricultural products are made.

The goal of the current study was to describe the organizational and institutional foundations within traditional rural communities that facilitate implementation of participatory community poverty reduction programs. The focus was on communities within or adjacent to protected areas. A case study research approach was used to assess community mobilization, participation and analytical capacity and also to evaluate community groups and organizations for their competence to be local implementing agents of poverty reduction programs. The research findings showed that inadequate skills and organizational levels limited the ability of communities to fully utilize protected areas as poverty reduction initiatives. Key determinants of community participation were the ability to mobilize and also to undertake detailed analysis of local situations. Community mobilization depended on the relationship between the mobilizing agent and the community, social cohesion and gender. Analytical capacity was influenced mostly by the level of education, prior experience and gender. Interestingly, community groups that had the highest potential to be implementing agents, had strong ties to traditional institutions, suggesting that groups with well recognized power and legitimacy within the community are better positioned to facilitate implementation of community poverty eradication initiatives. A number of indicators of community competence were identified and these were used to develop an analytical framework that can be used as a diagnostic tool for determining community competence. / Protected Areas and Poverty Reduction - Canada-Africa Research and Learning Alliance Project

<p>This minithesis seeks to understand why infrastructure projects fail to contribute effectively to poverty (rural) reduction. The thesis assumes that though infrastructure provision can impact positively on rural poverty reduction, the same infrastructure provision has worsened or put people in worse conditions of poverty. Therefore it is not automatic that infrastructure provision would reduce rural poverty as often held. The thesis goes on to postulate that a positive relationship between infrastructure and rural poverty reduction is best achieved within a broad or generic policy which provides the framework for providing such infrastructure. The thesis assesses these assertions empirically by first, testing the relationships between infrastructure and rural poverty reduction. Here a large scale infrastructure project in Ghana known as the Keta sea defence project serves as the case study. Secondly the thesis assesses Ghana&rsquo / s infrastructure provision policy environment and its implications on rural poverty reduction in the affected communities of the Keta sea defence project.</p>

This study identifies informal networks as the most accepted method of sharing information. Enhancing service delivery is shown as being a key trigger of coordination while rigid funding approaches are perceived to be a major inhibitor. Organisational type, position, practice approaches and location are shown to influence people's perception of coordination.

The search conference was held at Mareeba (North Queensland) to have the community identify ways to help reduce the region's unemployment. Alternative methods that could have been used are discussed and the reasons for using the search conference instead of those methods are noted. Practical and theoretical details of planning the search conference from the initial problem identification to the preparation of the final report are fully described.

Diss. Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, 2005.

Lic.-avh. Umeå : Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, 2006. / Härtill 2 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, 2006. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

O presente texto é o resultado de uma pesquisa¹ que aborda a construção de conhecimentos em comunidades rurais da região do tabaco por meio da recuperação dos saberes locais, com o objetivo de promover um diagnóstico da real situação das famílias que vivem no campo. A pesquisa iniciou sua coleta de dados com visitas nas propriedades rurais, estendendo-se para as escolas com a realização de oficinas de aprendizagens com alunos, e posteriormente um encontro com professores. Esta coleta de dados foi fundamental para estabelecer uma conexão entre as partes interessadas na educação do campo, para proporcionar uma reflexão nos conteúdos e no método de ensino utilizado e assim instigar o que os alunos do campo precisam aprender para se tornarem sujeitos empoderados capazes de fazer a sucessão da propriedade. Este diagnóstico vem ao encontro da formulação de estratégias para orientar a educação básica na formulação de propostas curriculares para as escolas localizadas no campo. A pesquisa atende a uma demanda dos municípios da região do Vale do Rio Pardo - RS, que precisam diversificar o seu desenvolvimento econômico, em relação à plantação do tabaco, mudando um cenário sociocultural estabelecido por longos anos. O estudo vem demonstrando que o caminho para que aconteçam estas iniciativas locais e regionais seria por meio da escola e de seu processo formativo dentro da comunidade, mostrando que é possível uma educação básica para o campo baseada nas características da educação popular, que represente um trabalho integrador dentro da família, ampliando as chances dos jovens permanecerem com suas famílias no campo e fazerem a sucessão da propriedade. / This text is the result of a research¹ focusing on the construction of knowledge in rural communities in the tobacco-growing region through the recovery of local knowledge, in order to promote a diagnosis of the real situation of families living in the countryside. The research began its data collection with visits to farms, extending to the schools with the implementation of learning with students workshops, and later, a meeting with teachers. This data collection was essential to establish a connection between the stakeholders in the countryside education to provide a reflection on the contents and the teaching method used, and thus to instigate what students of the countryside must learn to become empowered individuals able to do the succession of the property. This diagnosis is in line with the formulation of strategies to guide the formulation of basic education curriculum proposals for schools located in the country. The research meets a demand of municipalities in Vale do Rio Pardo region - RS, which need to diversify their economic development, in relation to tobacco plantation, changing a sociocultural scenario established for many years. The study has shown that the way to these local and regional initiatives take place would be through the school and its educational process within the community, showing that a basic education for the country based on the characteristics of popular education is possible, and represents an integrator work within the family, increasing the chances of young people remain with their families in the countryside and make the succession of properties.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-08-11Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:15:25Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 pilla_mac_me_fca.pdf: 1253482 bytes, checksum: 23575d56e99e50cc843d07cbea74ea93 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar um inventário das plantas alimentares cultivadas e coletadas da vegetação nativa e ruderal, em área de Mata Atlântica, conhecidas por dois grupos de populações rurais: um residente no Núcleo Santa Virgínia (Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar) e outro no seu limite. Os 23 entrevistados amostrados atenderam aos seguintes critérios: origem na região do Núcleo; idade superior a 45 anos; intimidade no trato com a terra. Ao todo foram levantadas 146 espécies botânicas, distribuídas em 43 famílias botânicas, sendo as famílias Solanaceae e Cucurbitaceae as mais representativas e basicamente hortícolas. Os índices de diversidade Shannon-Wiener e equidade de Pielou foram 1,98 (Base 10) e 0,91, respectivamente. Os dois grupos de bairros apresentaram uma similaridade de citação de plantas alimentares de 75,0%. A freqüência do consumo alimentar foi analisada por meio de dados obtidos pelo método retrospectivo das últimas 24 horas, revelando que os alimentos cultivados e coletados da vegetação nativa são consumidos esporadicamente De acordo com a amplitude total do nicho alimentar dada pelo índice de Levins (21,3) e de Levins padronizado (21,0%), verificou-se que mesmo com um elevado número de itens consumidos, 2 são poucos os alimentos que compõem a dieta básica da comunidade, demonstrando que a população amostrada é mais especialista, o que indica dependência de alguns alimentos. Notase que a comunidade possui um conhecimento significativo das plantas alimentares e que há uma significante riqueza de espécies e de variedades cultivadas nos quintais e nas roças, apesar da dieta principal ser adquirida basicamente no comércio local. A comunidade rural estudada se revelou como um importante sistema de conservação de germoplasma de plantas cultivadas. Palavras-chave: Etnobotânica, plantas alimentares, comunidades rurais, Mata Atlântica. / The goal of this study was to carry out an inventory of the food plants cultivated and collected of the native and spontaneous vegetation, in an area of Atlantic Forest, known by two groups of rural populations: a resident in the Núcleo Santa Virgínia (Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar) and another one in its limits. The 23 informants took care of the following criteria: origin in the region; superior age of 45 years old; familiarity in the treatment with the land. At all, 146 botanical species were raised, distributed in 43 botanical families, being the most representative families and basically horticultural families, the Solanaceae and Cucurbitaceae. The Shannon-Wiener diversity s index and Pielou s equity had been 1.98 (Base 10) and 0.91, respectively. The two groups of districts had presented a citation similarity of nutritional plants cited of 75.0%. The frequency of the alimentary consumption was analyzed through data obtained with a 24 hours recall method, showing that the cultivated and collected foods from the native vegetation are consumed sporadically. In accordance with the total amplitude of the food niche given by the Levins s index (21.3) and standardized Levins (21.0%), was verified that, in spite of a greater number of food items consumed, the basic diet of the 4 community is composed by few items, showing that the population is more specialist, what indicates a dependence of some foods. It is noticed that the community has a significant knowledge on the nutritional plants and there are a great number of species and varieties cultivated in the yards and countrysides, despite the main diet being acquired basically in the local commerce. The agricultural community studied is an important system of cultivated plants conservation. Key-words: Ethnobotany, food plants, rural communities, Atlantic forest.