Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-04-15T11:41:57Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Rodolfo Prado Barreto - 2015.pdf: 2910223 bytes, checksum: 8bbda096f871092b157cc1b6ac3775ea (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-04-15T11:46:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Rodolfo Prado Barreto - 2015.pdf: 2910223 bytes, checksum: 8bbda096f871092b157cc1b6ac3775ea (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-15T11:46:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Rodolfo Prado Barreto - 2015.pdf: 2910223 bytes, checksum: 8bbda096f871092b157cc1b6ac3775ea (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-15 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This study was developed by identifying stakeholder wrapped the Food Purchase Program (PAA), the Rural Territory of Serra da Mesa in Goiás, Brazil. Were searched: The National Supply Company (CONAB), family farmers, social organizations rural, public schools and social assistance entities in São Luiz do Norte, Minaçu and Niquelândia participating in the PAA in the purchase acquisition mode with simultaneous donation (CDS). It is considered as main objective to analyze the performance of stakeholders focused the program on Rural Territory of Serra da Mesa, with specific objectives, mapping the chain access to PAA; identification of stakeholders; establishment of the profile of family farmers and schools and receiving entities of food; and program performance analysis. The study is justified as a source of information academic community, methodological suggestion situational survey of PAA and complementary studies on the performance of public policies for food security and nutrition and to encourage family farming. The methodological framework was developed and implemented in two stages, the first, the search for adequate theoretical framework, on the theory of stakeholders, the Brazilian family farming, public policies related to rural areas and the PAA. In the second part, through case study, three sites were chosen in the rural area for analysis. The research is exploratory, using multicases, used the following sources of evidence: official documentation, records in public archives, field reports and interviews with semi-structured questionnaire. The chain of access to the program consists of information, documentation sent to CONAB, technical part of the project, access itself and maintaining participation. The main stakeholders identified were grouped as: government agencies (federal, state and local) and target groups (farmers and their cooperatives / associations and public schools and charities). The profile of the farmers pointed to age group 50-54 years, living in rural areas, with hand use of family labor, with 41-60% of production destined for the PAA, do not access other public policy and are participating members of one or more social organizations. As for schools and entities, 51-60% of the food used in school meals comes from the PAA, the directors are responsible for the internal supervision of food delivered, averaging three years of experience with the program. In performance evaluation, the federal public authorities linked to the PAA obtained top scores, especially the CONAB. The lowest scores were observed for the state government and local governments / Esse estudo foi desenvolvido por meio da identificação dos stakeholders envoltos ao Programa de aquisição de alimentos (PAA), no Território Rural de Serra da Mesa em Goiás. Sendo pesquisados: a Companhia Nacional de Abastecimento (CONAB), os agricultores familiares, as organizações sociais rurais, as escolas públicas e entidades socioassistenciais de São Luiz do Norte, Minaçu e Niquelândia que participam do PAA na modalidade de aquisição de Compra com doação simultânea (CDS). Considera-se como objetivo principal analisar o desempenho dos stakeholders voltados ao programa no Território Rural de Serra da Mesa, tendo como objetivos específicos: o mapeamento da cadeia de acesso ao PAA; identificação dos stakeholders; o estabelecimento do perfil dos agricultores familiares e das escolas e entidades recebedoras dos alimentos; e, a análise de desempenho do programa. O estudo justifica-se como fonte de informações a comunidade acadêmica, sugestão metodológica de levantamento situacional do PAA e viés complementar aos estudos sobre o desempenho de políticas públicas de segurança alimentar e nutricional e de incentivo a agricultura familiar. A estrutura metodológica foi elaborada e executada em duas etapas, na primeira, a busca por referencial teórico adequado, sobre a teoria dos stakeholders, a agricultura familiar brasileira, as políticas públicas ligadas ao meio rural e o PAA. Na segunda parte, por meio de estudo de caso, foram escolhidas três localidades no território rural para análise. A pesquisa é exploratória, com uso de multicasos, atendendo aos objetivos enumerados do trabalho, pelo uso das seguintes fontes de evidência: a documentação oficial, os registros em arquivo público, os relatórios de campo e as entrevistas por meio de questionário semiestruturado. A cadeia de acesso ao programa consiste em informação, envio de documentação a CONAB, parte técnica do projeto, acesso propriamente dito e manutenção de participação. Os principais stakeholders identificados foram agrupados em: instâncias governamentais (órgãos públicos federais, estaduais e municipais) e público alvo (agricultores e suas cooperativas/associações, as escolas públicas e entidades assistenciais). O perfil dos agricultores apontou para faixa etária de 50 a 54 anos, residentes na área rural, com utilização de mão de obra familiar, tendo de 41 a 60% da produção destinado ao PAA, não acessam outra política pública e são membros participantes de uma ou mais organizações sociais. Quanto às escolas e entidades, de 51 a 60% dos alimentos utilizados na merenda escolar advém do PAA, os diretores são os responsáveis pela fiscalização interna dos alimentos entregues, tendo em média 3 anos de experiência com o programa. Na avaliação de desempenho, as instâncias públicas federais ligadas ao PAA obtiveram as melhores notas, com destaque para a CONAB. As notas mais baixas foram observadas para o governo estadual e as prefeituras.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T18:15:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Juliana Carla MUTERLLE.pdf: 2340421 bytes, checksum: e1fef174bd868344e88ed4cc5953c320 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-18 / The aim of this dissertation is to analyze the Agroecology territorialization among family farmers in Vale do Ribeira region, Paraná State. For this, it was considered the implementation of Rural Territory , proposed as public policy by the Ministério de Desenvolvimento Agrário (MDA). Development and territory concepts were discussed, supporting the understanding of the Rural Areas formation, in addition to performing analysis of documents provided by MDA. At the same time, semi-structured interviews with farmers, Managing Council of the territory’s members, CRESOL and AOPA’s members were conducted, confronting the lines with one of the objectives listed in this public policy. In other words, the objective to promote the sustainable development of Rural areas, raising the level of wealth and quality of population’s life.Moreover, discussed Agroecology as a contributing element for sustainable development. It was demonstrated how the incentive to transpose a conventional property to a agroecological property considering its principles is intensified by the activities of some ONGs as a AOPA and by Pronaf-Agroecology activities. As a result of the research, the difficulties in materialization of this policy and the difficulties faced by farmers in vale do Ribeira, Paraná State of Paraná were observed. The Agroecology territorialization occurs slowly, because time of transposing from a conventional property to an Agroecological one is relatively long, demanding knowledge and long working / O objetivo desta dissertação é analisar a territorialização da agroecologia entre os agricultores familiares na região do Vale do Ribeira, Estado do Paraná. Para isso, considerou-se a implementação do Território Rural, proposto como política pública pelo Ministério de Desenvolvimento Agrário (MDA). Foram discutidos os conceitos de desenvolvimento e território, subsidiando a compreensão da formação dos Territórios Rurais, além da realização de análises dos documentos disponibilizados pelo MDA. Paralelamente a essas análises, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com agricultores, agricultoras, membros do Conselho Gestor do território, membros da CRESOL e da AOPA, confrontando as falas com um dos os objetivos elencados nessa política pública que é o de promover o desenvolvimento sustentável do Território Rural, elevando o nível de riqueza e da qualidade de vida da população. Além disso, discutiu-se a agroecologia como um elemento colaborador para o desenvolvimento sustentável. Demonstrou-se como o incentivo para a transposição de uma propriedade convencional para uma propriedade dentro dos princípios agroecológicos é intensificada pela atuação de algumas ONGs, como a AOPA e com o Pronaf-Agroecologia. Como resultado da pesquisa, foram observadas as dificuldades na materialização dessa política e as dificuldades enfrentadas pelos agricultores do Vale do Ribeira, Estado do Paraná. A territorialização da agroecologia ocorre de forma lenta, pois o tempo de transposição da agricultura convencional para uma agricultura dentro dos princípios agroecológicos é relativamente longo, exigindo conhecimento e muito tempo de trabalho.

Face aux mutations contemporaines des mondes ruraux, la compréhension de la capacité des sociétés rurales à se reproduire et à organiser leurs territoires est un enjeu crucial. Cette thèse d’ethnologie est intégrée aux travaux de recherche pluridisciplinaires d’un laboratoire d’écologie du paysage. Elle vise à mieux comprendre les dynamiques conjointes des sociétés et des territoires dans le Bas-Comminges, en Haute-Garonne. Les sociétés bas-commingeoises présentent des capacités à assimiler le changement et sont marquées par un système social spécifique, dit « à maison », qui a la particularité d’entraîner une stabilité des patrimoines fonciers. L’étude ethnographique de la transmission, des limites et de la composition des patrimoines depuis le début du 19ème siècle et l’intégration des données collectées dans un Système d’Information Géographique vont révéler le lien entre une organisation sociale et son territoire. Les résultats s’articulent en trois points. (1) Les patrimoines sont effectivement stables au cours des deux derniers siècles. La société étudiée présente une forte hiérarchie sociale. Le statut social est fondé sur la richesse foncière et le maintien de son patrimoine de génération en génération. (2) On constate que, pour les Bas-Commingeois, il est nécessaire de détenir mais aussi de cultiver la terre pour faire se perpétuer son statut. Leur objectif est de respecter un principe d’autonomie des propriétés et une diversité des pratiques et de l’occupation du sol. (3) Le maintien de sa place au sein de la hiérarchie passe aussi par une implication des acteurs locaux au sein des institutions du village. Le respect de ces principes a entraîné une permanence de l’organisation du territoire et une adaptation du système aux mutations du monde rural. Cette étude répond à des questions posées sur les dynamiques des espaces agricoles et forestiers et apporte une contribution dans la compréhension des capacités des mondes ruraux à se perpétuer. / Facing the contemporary changes of the rural worlds, the comprehension of the ability of the rural societies to reproduce and organize their territories is a crucial stake. This PhD in Ethnology is integrated into the pluri-disciplinary researches of a landscape ecology laboratory. The aims of the study are to understand the dynamics between societies and territories in rural societies of the Bas-Comminges, in Haute-Garonne (France). Those societies have the capacities to assimilate changes and are marked by the presence of a specific social system, known as “the house-centered system”, which characteristic is to involve the stability of the real estate. The ethnographic study of the inheritance, the limits and the composition of the real estate since the beginning of the 19th century and the integration of the data collected in a Geographical Information System will reveal the bond between a social organization and its territory. The results are articulated in three points. (1) The real estates are stable during the last 2 centuries. The studied society presents a strong social hierarchy. The social status is based on the land richness and its maintenance from generation to generation. (2) It is noted that it is necessary for the Bas-Commingeois to hold but also to cultivate the land to remain its statute. The objective of the owners is to respect a principle of autonomy of the properties and a diversity of the practices and cover of the land. (3) The maintenance of the status within the hierarchy also passes by an involvement of the Bas-Commingeois within the village’s institutions. The respect of these principles induces the permanence of the territory and an adaptation of the system to the changes of the rural world. This study answers questions about the dynamics of agricultural and forest spaces and contributes to a better understanding of the capacities of the rural worlds to survive.

Ce travail de recherche doctorale interroge l'accessibilité sociale et économique au logement. Il est centré sur une recherche prospective de nouvelles formes et de nouveaux modes de production d'habitat écoresponsable qui privilégient un développement local. La question de l'habitat est centrale dans une société où l'accès de tous à un logement de qualité devient de plus en plus difficile et où le secteur de la construction doit évoluer pour réduire son empreinte écologique. À l'instar de la France, la Saône-et-Loire est confrontée à des enjeux sociaux, économiques, culturels et environnementaux complexes et en évolution, auxquels elle doit s'adapter pour garantir un développement durable sur son territoire. Dans le domaine de l'habitat, ceci oblige à explorer de nouvelles solutions en termes de formes et de modes de production. Dans un premier temps, une analyse des enjeux, potentiels et freins du territoire a été menée, basée sur des enquêtes de terrain croisées avec des références extérieures. Au regard de cette phase exploratoire s'est fondée une réflexion prospective pour comprendre et éclairer les possibles, faire émerger des pistes stratégiques, urbanistiques, architecturales ou constructives. Cette recherche a saisi l'opportunité d'une demande de réflexion de la part d'élus du département. Elle vise à constituer une aide à la décision pour l'orientation des politiques territoriales locales avec un regard d'architecte sur les nouvelles pensées du logement accessible. Elle contribue également à mettre en place une démarche pour mieux se saisir de la question de l'habitat et du développement d'un territoire, qui pourrait être applicable à d'autres situations. / The main purpose of this Ph D research is to cross-examine social and economical accessibility to housing. It focuses on a prospective study for new production modes and forms of eco-responsible housing that privileges a local development. Housing is a main issue in a society where it is increasingly difficult to access to a quality accommodation, and where the construction sector still has to evolve for reducing its ecological footprint. Like France, the French department of Saône-et-Loire is facing more complex and evolving social, economical, cultural and environmental issues, with which it must deal to warrant a sustainable development on its territory. In the housing field, this challenge forces to explore new solutions in terms of forms and production ways. At first stage, an analysis of the territory stakes, potentials and brakes has been done, based on field surveys crossed with external references. With regard to this explorative stage, a forwarding thinking was carried out to understand and throw light on possibilities in terms of strategic trends for town planning, architecture or construction. This research jumped at the opportunity of a reflexion request from some elected representatives of the department. It aims to set up a decision-making support for territorial policies according an architect point of view on affordable housing. It also contributes to set up an approach for better seizing housing and territorial development issues, which could be applicable to other situations.

Le territoire rural de marge est une « entité paradoxale » à la fois tiraillée entre de puissants voisins, des influences culturelles différentes, mais disposant d’une personnalité singulière. Dotée de ressources endogènes limitées, elle est dépendante des aires urbaines de son environnement proche et lointain pour bénéficier d’emplois divers et bien rémunérés, ainsi que pour accéder à des services variés. Pour autant, elle continue à s’individualiser comme une entité propre. De par ses carences, le territoire rural de marge est tributaire d’apports exogènes. Toutefois, cette ouverture est très sélective et autorégulée. L’identité d’un tel territoire se joue à différentes échelles de temps dans une succession de phases d’ouverture et de refondation. Elle est un objet particulièrement complexe. Sa modélisation requiert une exploration, une analyse et une exploitation de cette complexité. Nous la relevons à différents niveaux : emboîtements d’échelle, liaison entre des acteurs divers, de même qu’entre ces acteurs et le territoire lui-même. Nous fondons notre approche de l’objet sur un présupposé majeur : l’identité d’un territoire se décline à l’échelle collective comme à l’échelle individuelle. Il existe entre l’identité territoriale collective et les identités territoriales individuelles une liaison complexe. Notre démarche consiste de ce fait à retrouver les dimensions de l’univers territorial collectif à partir de celles d’une collection d’individus représentatifs du territoire. Par conséquent, la pierre angulaire du travail a été la conception d’un modèle de l’identité territoriale individuelle, dont la traduction graphique est une silhouette. Le profil identitaire collectif est obtenu par la confrontation des profils individuels. L’application du modèle à l’Alsace Bossue et à deux périodes distantes de près de 100 ans a livré quelques résultats. En 1920-30, l’identité de l’Alsace Bossue est une identité insulaire étroite composant avec une ouverture très sélective à des espaces de circulation intergénérationnels. En 2010, l’identité est marquée par une plus grande ouverture, cependant régulée par un arbitrage et une tension généralisés entre des attaches et un besoin d’émancipation, ce que l’on appelle une synergie des contraires. / The marginal rural territory is a “paradoxical entity”, torn between powerful neighbors and diverse cultural influences, but still possessing a unique personality. As it contains limited endogenous resources, this type of territory depends on nearby or distant urban areas in order for its residents to benefit from diverse and well-paying jobs, as well as for access to various services. Even so, it continues to develop an individual identity as a separate entity. Due to its shortcomings, the marginal rural territory is dependent on external provisions. Nevertheless, this openness is very selective and self-regulated. The identity of such a territory is acted out on different time scales in a succession of phases of openness and rebuilding. It is a particularly complex subject. Its modelling requires the exploration, analysis and harnessing of this complexity. We observe it at different levels: changes in scale, links between the various actors, even between these actors and the territory itself. We base our approach toward this subject on a major presupposition: the identity of a territory is defined on a collective as well as an individual scale. The link between collective territorial identity and individual territorial identities is quite complex. Our work consists in tracing the dimensions of the collective territorial universe, based on those of a collection of individuals who represent the territory. As a result, the cornerstone of this work was the creation of a model of individual territorial identity, the graphical translation of which provides a visual representation. The collective identity profile is obtained by the comparison of individual profiles. The application of the model to the Alsace Bossue region during two periods of time separated by nearly 100 years provided us with some results. In 1920-30, Alsace Bossue presented a narrow, insular identity with a very selective openness to inter-generational spaces of circulation. In 2010, its identity is marked by a greater openness, regulated however by generalized arbitration and tension between ties, and by a need for emancipation, what we call a synergy of opposites.

This dissertation has the objective of analyze the production unit of the rural family, from the Small Agriculture Movement MPA. To reach this objective, a historic study of the MPA was carried out, its organization, specialization, its relation with the rural way. We focused our research in the territory of the High back-country of Sergipe, which configures as a historic territory of permanence struggle of the rural production unit and its link with the MPA in the construction of the Feeding Sovereignty project. The option of the dialectic historic materialism method made possible the analysis of the historic process, realizing that, when making history in specific conditions, men start being determined and determiners from/by the nature and other men. Men, as historic individuals, appear not as fragments, but articulated in the group of structures and conjunctures in which they are inserted in. In this movement, it was possible to understand how, in the field, the capital, supported by the State, reproduces itself from the non capitalist relations of work, and contradictorily makes possible the rural reproduction that resists the productive restructuration established since the 70 s and intensified in later years with the economic model of agro business. The research revealed that the MPA, originated in the South of Brazil, during the 90 s and in Sergipe in 1999, places itself as a sign of the rural power when it defends and assume the fight for the Feeding Sovereignty project. The conceptions and actions of the MPA in the field in Sergipe and in Brazil, even facing limitations imposed by the capitalism system and by the State, prioritize the struggle against hunger and poverty, understanding that they pass directly under the right of feeding assured in the rural territory. The Feeding Sovereignty proposition is an alternative of rupture from the neoliberal agricultural policies imposed by the Business World Organization (OMC), World Bank (BM) and the International Monetary Fund (FMI), to make possible other form of rural production in a project that assures food for the population. With the Feeding Sovereignty, all a conjuncture is combined: local production, agro toxic free food, price equality, food access, poverty reduction, land reform. In the end, the restitution of the natural resources control (such as land, water and seeds) to the communities, against the life privatization imposed by the logic of capital. / Esta dissertação tem como objetivo analisar a unidade de produção familiar camponesa, a partir do Movimento dos Pequenos Agricultores MPA. Para atender este objetivo foi realizado um resgate histórico do MPA, sua organização, sua espacialização, sua relação com a Via Campesina. Focalizamos nossa pesquisa no Território do Alto Sertão Sergipano que se configura como o território de história de luta da permanência da unidade familiar de produção camponesa e sua vinculação com o MPA na construção do Projeto de Soberania Alimentar. A opção do método do materialismo histórico dialético possibilitou a análise do processo histórico, tendo como premissa que, ao fazer história em condições determinadas os homens passam a serem determinados e determinantes da/pela natureza, e pelos outros homens. Os homens como sujeitos históricos aparecem não como fragmentos, mas articulados no conjunto das estruturas e conjunturas em que estão inseridos. Neste movimento foi possível entender como, no campo, o capital, sustentado pelo Estado, se reproduz a partir das relações não capitalistas de trabalho, e contraditoriamente possibilita a reprodução campesina que resiste à reestruturação produtiva que se estabelece desde a década de 1970 e intensificada nos últimos anos com a financeirização econômica com o modelo do Agronegócio. A pesquisa revelou que o Movimento dos Pequenos Agricultores - MPA, originado no Sul do Brasil, durante a década de 1990, e em Sergipe em 1999 se coloca como um signo de força do campesinato ao defender e assumir a luta pela Soberania Alimentar. As concepções e as ações do MPA no campo em Sergipe e no Brasil, mesmo diante das limitações impostas pelo sistema do capital e pelo Estado, prioriza a luta contra a redução da fome e da miséria, compreendendo que estas passam diretamente pelo direito ao alimento garantido no território camponês. A proposta da Soberania Alimentar é uma alternativa de ruptura das políticas agrícolas neoliberais impostas pela Organização Mundial do Comércio, o Banco Mundial e o Fundo Monetário Internacional, para a viabilização de outra forma de produção no campo em um projeto de garantia de alimentos para a população. Com a Soberania Alimentar toda uma conjuntura é entrelaçada: produção local, alimento livre de agrotóxico, equidade de preço, acesso ao alimento, redução da pobreza, reforma agrária. Enfim, a restituição do controle dos bens naturais (como a terra, a água e as sementes) às comunidades, contra a privatização da vida imposta pela lógica do capital.