Proactive drinking water programs assist communities in the long-term protection of their water supply. The 1986 amendments to the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) seek to protect groundwater sources of public drinking water. 42 United States Code Section 300h-7 created the Wellhead Protection Program. The 1986 SDWA Amendments require all states to submit a Wellhead Protection Program for public groundwater drinking sources. The 1996 SDWA Amendments require all states to submit Source Water Assessment Plans for both groundwater and surface water sources. The 1986 and 1996 SDWA Amendments aim to protect public health by preventing contamination of drinking water sources. <p> This paper compares and contrasts the effectiveness of groundwater Wellhead Protection Programs (WHPP) in Virginia and Massachusetts. These states take different management approaches to protect public groundwater drinking sources. Virginia encourages local governments to participate voluntarily in wellhead protection activities. Massachusetts requires all municipal and private suppliers that provide public drinking water to adopt a WHPP. The relative success achieved by Massachusetts and Virginia was evaluated with two measures: percentage of wellhead protection programs implemented and the percentage of state reported drinking water quality violations. / Master of Urban and Regional Planning

Before an IED is sent to a laboratory for analysis, it needs to be rendered safe if it did not already initiate. Render safe procedures (RSPs) include utilizing a percussion-actuated non-electric (PAN) disrupter or a mineral water bottle disrupter. Each disrupter utilizes explosives to render the device safe by breaking open the container or disrupting the fuzing system. However, the same explosives used in the RSP are also used by criminals in IED construction. As such, the explosives used in the RSP can cause problems with the interpretation of the results from forensic analysis of the IED fragments. Compounds of analytical interest in residue include nitroglycerin (NG), diphenylamine (DPA), ethyl centralite (EC), methyl centralite (MC), and pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN). Instrumentation used in the analysis of the residues included a gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer (GC/MS), a liquid chromatograph/mass spectrometer (LC/MS), and a gas chromatograph with an electron capture detector (GC/ECD). The PAN disrupter smokeless powder contained NG, DPA, and EC while the bulk detonation cord contained PETN. Only DPA decomposed after being burned. No residue was detected on the PVC pipes while residue was detected on the steel pipes and backpack mock IEDs. Overall, finding such residue in casework should not rule out the possibility that an individual used a particular explosive in the construction of the IED, but examiners should be aware of residues left by disrupters especially if the device initiates during the RSP.

Allt fler storskaliga organisationer vänder sig till agila projektledningsmetoder för att bli mer konkurrenskraftiga i den snabbrörliga ekonomin, ofta benämnd en VUCA-miljö. Olika ramverk har därför utformats för att hjälpa företag att skala upp det agila arbetet, varav SAFe är det mest populära. Antalet akademiska undersökningar inom ämnesområdet är emellertid fåtaliga. Denna studie söker sålunda bringa klarhet kring varför stora organisationer initierar agila omvandlingar i enlighet med SAFe, vilka utmaningar det medför och hur dessa kan mitigeras. Detta genom en kvalitativ undersökning på Länsförsäkringar AB och Nordea. Resultatet indikerar att transformationer som sådana i synnerhet medför kommunikations- och koordinationsproblem, medan en kontextuell anpassning av ramverket kan vara en lyckad mitigationsåtgärd. Vidare visar resultatet att storskaliga organisationer inte nödvändigtvis är kompatibla med den agila metodiken. Anmärkningsvärt är emellertid att förändringsinitiativet av vissa respondenter också betraktades som ett steg i att bli en attraktivare arbetsgivare, utöver att bli mer effektiva och snabbfotade.

<p>This qualitative study examined the thoughts and perceptions of Indiana public school superintendents overseeing school safety response and planning in their districts. The study was based on interviews of five public school superintendents overseeing safety planning and response in large Indiana school districts located in varying regions of the state. Participants were purposely sampled according to the number of students served in their districts and the number of schools that they were responsible for overseeing. Data were collected by conducting semi structured interviews via telephone with the researcher taking field notes and digitally recording dialogue from the interviews.</p> <p>Two theoretical frameworks were used in the study—phenomenology and reality testing. Phenomenology was used to focus on the lived experience of the participants in the study. This particular study examined the five participating superintendent’s experiences while overseeing safe school planning and response measures. The participants were asked to describe their experiences and share their perceptions (i.e., what they were doing, why they were doing it, and how it affected safety response and preparedness in their district). One of the planning measures involved participation in the recently mandated safe school plan audit. Reality testing was used to determine what is actually happening in the real world. The use of reality testing in this study focused on determining what was actually occurring in the districts that completed the safe school plan audit process. </p> <p> </p> <p>As a result of the study, three themes emerged. Superintendent lived experiences, thoughts, perceptions, and actions regarding school safety planning and response are centered on consistency, reaction, and security. Superintendent responses reflected the importance they placed on establishing consistency within their safety planning and response efforts. Despite their efforts to plan and establish consistent mitigation, response, and recovery efforts superintendents lived experiences presented that their thoughts and efforts were often times reactionary. Throughout the interviews, superintendents represented security to be a pivotal element of their safety efforts.</p> <p>The three themes were further grounded into two assertions. First, Indiana public school superintendents live with a number of uncertainties as they oversee and plan safe school efforts in their districts. Second, Indiana public school superintendents plan and oversee safety operations in the absence of viable quantitative safety incident data.</p> <br> <p> </p>

Meta-analytic reliability generalizations (RGs) are limited by the scarcity of reliability reporting in primary articles, and currently, RG investigators lack a method to quantify the impact of such nonreporting. This article introduces a stepwise procedure to address this challenge. First, the authors introduce a formula that allows researchers to estimate the lower bound population average reliability for a desired instrument. Second, they present an equation to determine the Fail-Safe N for RG. This equation estimates the number of ''file drawer'' studies required to drop the aggregate score reliability of an instrument below a specified criterion value. Finally, the authors demonstrate the utility of these equations using published RG studies. Comments on the conclusions drawn from each RG application are provided.

No description available.

Lambic beer is one of the oldest beer styles still being brewed in the western world today and the only beer that is still brewed through spontaneous fermentation. Lambic beers are only produced within a 500 km radius of Brussels because of the natural microflora found within the air in that region. Little is known about the chemical composition of lambic beers. The objective of this research were (1) to compare SPME and SAFE for the isolation of flavor and aroma compounds,  (2) determine the volatile composition and acids of commercially available lambic gueuze using SPME/GC-MS and HPLC, and (3) determine the major aroma compounds of aging lambic beer using GC-O.  Comparing the two extraction methods, both SPME and SAFE were able to identify a similar number of chemical compounds, however SAFE identified a greater number of acid compounds. A total of 50 compounds were identified within nine commercial brands of lambic beer. HPLC was used in the identification and quantification of acetic and lactic acids. The concentration of acetic acid in the commercial products ranged from 723 mg/L â " 1624 mg/L and lactic acid ranged from 995 â " 2557 mg/L. GC-O was used in the analysis of aged (3-28 months) lambic beer samples. As the samples increased in age, the number of aroma compounds detected by the panelists also increased. Panelists were detected nine aroma compounds in the 3 month old sample, while 17 compounds were detected in the 28 month old sample. The research conduct increased the number of volatile and semi-volatile compounds identified in lambic beer from 27 to 50. / Ph. D.

Background Antineoplastic drugs constitute an important cornerstone in treating malignant cancer diseases. The nurses administering these drugs risk developing short- and long-term side effects from exposure if not properly protected by personal protective equipment. The National Institute for Occupational Safety &amp; Health produces guidelines and recommendations for healthcare personnel handling antineoplastic drugs in order to minimise exposure. Aim The aim of this study was to observe and describe registered nurses’ compliance to National Institute for Occupational Safety &amp; Health guidelines and recommendations concerning the use of personal protective equipment during drug administration at a public hospital in Guangzhou, China. Method Data was collected at three different departments using structured direct observations, totalling 211 administrations encompassing day and evening shifts. Results Total compliance to National Institute for Occupational Safety &amp; Health guidelines and recommendations was 0 percent as a result of non-existent gown use. The overall compliance for the use of double gloves was 76,3 percent. The Department of Medical Oncology had the highest department-specific compliance rate for double gloves at 80,7 percent, whereas the evening shift at Chemotherapy Outpatient Department boasted the highest shift-specific compliance rate for the same item at 83,3 percent. Conclusion Interventions are needed concerning the use of personal protective equipment, in particular the use of gowns. Obtained hospital-specific guidelines did not include the procedure of drug administration, warranting the implementation of hospital-specific standard operating procedure guidelines encompassing this aspect.

No description available.

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第24480号 / 医博第4922号 / 新制||医||1063(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 波多野 悦朗, 教授 山本 洋介, 教授 小林 恭 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM