Thesis (LL.M.)--University of Hong Kong, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print.

published_or_final_version / Law / Master / Master of Laws

Nanoimprint lithography (NIL) has become a promising technology for high-resolution nano-scale patterning, numerous applications have been exploited by using NIL. However, the need for fast, high-throughput process is required in the production of large-area patterns. In particular, the reel-to-reel nanoimprint lithography has been proven to yield large areas of continuous, high-resolution patterns in the micro- and nano-scale range. In this work, self-aligning fibre imprinting process is developed by using continuous reel-to-reel roller embosser, which can be potentially applied to a range of different fibre materials. This work contains a complete and thorough demonstration including the process of stamp fabrication, fibre imprinting process and full characterization of the imprinted fibre. The proposed techniques involved in this work are described, and the results are analyzed. These techniques include fabricating fibre guide structure, fine feature writing and nickel stamp replication. 1mm-diameter Teflon monofilament is chosen for this fibre imprinting work, the characterization results confirmed that replicated structures are transfered from the electroplated nickel stamp onto the Teflon fibre. The factors which impact the imprinted results are studied, such as roller gap width and rolling speed. It is also shown that more than 50 imprints have been performed using the same stamp without significant degradation.

In 1866, the Hong Kong colonial government imposed stamp duty on written instruments. The tax was imposed for 132 years during the British rule of Hong Kong and was retained by the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region after the 1997 transfer of sovereignty over Hong Kong from Britain to China. Despite the vast number of textbooks written on the application of the contemporary Hong Kong stamp duty law, little is known about the driving forces that lay behind the first imposition of stamp duty in Hong Kong and the forces that shaped its development in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Little is revealed by the successes or failures of various stamp duty laws enacted to fulfil these forces. In order to deal with the knowledge gaps, this study uses the legal historical method and the legal comparative method to reconstruct an interpretation of stamp duty legal history for investigation. The study reveals that the first imposition of the tax was driven by the primary imperative to raise revenue followed by a secondary demand for social equity. It also reveals that the provisions of the first Hong Kong stamp duty legislation were influenced by local political demands occasioned by events leading to the American Revolution in the eighteenth century. The study demonstrates that, along with the dominant financial impetus, other social, economic, political, sustainability and pragmatic forces also shaped the stamp duty system under British rule. Social and economic forces supplemented the financial impetus from the 1960s onwards as key drivers for stamp duty legislative change. The study examines the explicit and discerned objectives of various historical Hong Kong Stamp Ordinances in terms of the actual outcomes. The analysis reveals many novel lessons in stamp duty system design. The study also demonstrates that Hong Kong should not abolish its stamp duty system at the present time.

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Thesis advisor: Cynthia Lyerly / This thesis analyzes the well known events and circumstances that precipitated the Declaration of Independence and the battles of the Revolutionary War under the lens of one of Boston’s common men: Harbottle Dorr. His opinions on such instances and climates as the Stamp Act, the Sons of Liberty (of whom Dorr was one), the Boston Massacre, the Tea Act and ensuing Tea Party, the Intolerable Acts, and the initial conflicts of Lexington and Concord, as well as the Battle of Bunker Hill give valuable insight into the mind of an everyday patriot. His powerful words emulate the very characteristics for which the Revolution is known, and for which it was fought. / Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2015. / Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Departmental Honors. / Discipline: History.

Examensarbetet är utfört vid BAE Systems Bofors AB i Karlskoga. Projektet har gått ut på att utvärdera den nya teorin STAMPoch testa det tillhörande verktyget STPAinom säkerhetsarbete mot det avgränsade ARCHER-systemets delsystem granatgrip-/lyftdon. I dag blir systemen mer och mer komplicerade och de nuvarande metoderna har inte utvecklats i samma takt för att göra en grundläggande säkerhetsanalys då många av olyckorna härrör från oförutsedda interaktioner. Teorin och verktyget är en nyutvecklad metod för att identifiera och värdera risker i ett system eller en produkt. Företaget har ännu inte satt sig in tillräckligt i professorn på MIT, Nancy Levesons rapport som ligger bakom denna nya metod för att arbeta med riskbedömning. Eftersom det är en relativt ny teori inom säkerhetsarbete så finns det inte speciellt mycket forskning att tillgå och antalet källor som finns tillgängliga är få. Den forskning som finns är för det mesta test från olika företags verksamheter med hela hennes tankesätt som grund. Det vi kommit fram till är att STAMP och STPA är ett väldigt bra verktyg inom säkerhetsarbete för att identifiera faror och olycko rmen också att det ger väldigt mycket information som sedan är irrelevant. Det finns även tillägg till teorin STAMP och verktyget STPA som kommer vara nyttiga för BAE Systems att ta till sig men som inte varit relevant i detta examensarbete. / The thesis is performed at BAE Systems AB in Karlskoga. The purpose of this project is to evaluate the new theory STAMP and try-out the associated tool STPA within safety work unto the defined ARCHER-system’s subsystem "grenade-grip/hoists". Today systems have become more complex and the current methods have not evolved at the same pace as the technology to make a basic safety analysis when many of the accidents occur from unforeseen interactions. The theory and the tool is a newly developed method to identify and assess risks in a system or product. The company has not yet familiarized themselves enough in the professor at MIT, Nancy Leveson’s report that is the founder of this new method in finding risks. It is a relatively new theory in safety and therefore, there’s not much research and the number of sources available are few. The research available is for the most part various tests from different corporate activities with Nancy’s whole mindset as basis. Our results show that STAMP and STPA is a very good theory and tool within safety analysis to identify hazards and accidents. The only disadvantage is that it also gives a lot of information that was irrelevant. The theory also have some additions to STAMP and STPA that will be useful for BAE Systems to embrace but has not been relevant in this thesis.

LL.M. (Civil Procedural Law) / In this dissertation various topics regarding inchoate documents will be analysed and discussed. A brief historical background will set the scene, showing the development of bills of exchange in various countries around the world. Although the origins of the earliest bills of exchange can be traced back to Arabic traders in the eighth century, the development of the bill of exchange is generally traced back to the lex mercatoria, i~ the rules which were adopted by medieval traders, especially the Lombards in Italy, to conduct their business. As the lex mercatoria was absorbed into various countries, differences developed. It is clear that the English Bills of Exchange Act 1882 had a marked influence on the law relating to negotiable instruments in most Commonwealth countries and the United States of America. In the second chapter the distinction between the common law and statute law will be analysed. The recent Appellate Division judgment in the case of Thompson v Voges 1988 (I) SA 747 (A) will be discussed. In that case Acting Chief Justice Rabie held that an automatic estoppel could not operate against the signatory of an inchoate document who had signed a document and had handed it to another with the intention that it be issued and used as a negotiable instrument. A detailed analysis of Thompson's case, and the cases referred to by the learned Acting Chief Justice in the course of his judgment, will show that the conclusion reached by him can only be applied to holders who qualify as mere holders, and not to holders in due course. It is submitted, with the greatest respect, that an automatic estoppel will still operate in favour of a holder in due course...

There is a high prevalence of chronic diseases and conditions among older, low-income individuals in the United States. It is well recognized that diet plays an important role in the management and prevention of chronic diseases. Despite this, primary-care physicians often do not provide adequate dietary counseling or appropriate nutrition referrals to this patient population. Two surveys were conducted in Southwest and the western part of Central Virginia, one with 209 family practitioners and internists and the other with 57 low-income participants in the Food Stamp Nutrition Education Program (FSNEP). The FSNEP clients were aged 40 years or older, had been enrolled in FSNEP for four months or less, and had a diet-related chronic disease or condition. Eighty-one percent of physicians reported that they provide nutrition advice to their chronic disease patients on a regular basis. Most physicians further stated that they make a limited number of referrals to registered dietitians and very few referrals to community nutrition education programs. FSNEP clients were generally dissatisfied with their primary-care physician's provision of nutrition information and indicated a desire for more dietary guidance. Results indicate a need for primary-care physician referrals to free community nutrition education services that tailor their programs to the patient's socioeconomic situation. These referrals may improve the nutrition health of older, low-income patients and help manage their chronic diseases. Informational brochures need to be developed and distributed to primary-care physicians informing them of the positive attributes of free community nutrition education programs, such as FSNEP. / Master of Science