This field study is a critical analysis of early streaming in Singapore. Primary school pupils are streamed at the end of Primary 3 on the basis of their performance in achievement tests in English, Mathematics and Second Language. The streaming policy is based on eugenic and economic premises. The policy-makers believe that intelligence is largely determined by genes, and that the quality of human resources is a vital factor for nation building. The study identifies the ideological position of the policy-makers by unpacking some of their major assumptions about humans, society, knowledge, school and curriculum, and reveals the ideological underpinnings of inherited differences in IQ and meritocracy which support this policy. The study also examines the inequality of advantage of this form of streaming. The findings of the pre-primary study and the study on dropouts show that unnatural inequalities do affect the performance of pupils in achievement tests and their desire to stay on in school. The analysis of the planning and management of the change shows that different reactions of principals, teachers and parents can have different effects on pupil motivation and learning, with grave social implications.

In recent years, transmission of video over the Internet has become an important application. As wireless networks are becoming increasingly popular, it is expected that video will be an important application over wireless networks as well. Unlike wired networks, wireless networks have high data loss rates. Streaming video in the presence of high data loss can be a challenge because it results in errors in the video.<p>Video applications produce large amounts of data that need to be compressed for efficient storage and transmission. Video encoders compress data into dependent frames and independent frames. During transmission, the compressed video may lose some data. Depending on where the packet loss occurs in the video, the error can propagate for a long time. If the error occurs on a reference frame at the beginning of the video, all the frames that depend on the reference frame will not be decoded successfully. <p>This thesis presents the concept of mixed streaming, which reduces the impact of video propagation errors in error prone networks. Mixed streaming delivers a video file using two levels of reliability; reliable and unreliable. This allows sensitive parts of the video to be delivered reliably while less sensitive areas of the video are transmitted unreliably. Experiments are conducted that study the behavior of mixed streaming over error prone wireless networks. Results show that mixed streaming makes it possible to reduce the impact of errors by making sure that errors on reference frames are corrected. Correcting errors on reference frames limits the time for which errors can propagate, thereby improving the video quality. Results also show that the delay cost associated with the mixed streaming approach is reasonable for fairly high packet loss rates.

Denna uppsats ämnar redogöra olika för- och nackdelar med 4G ur ett användarperspektiv, där fokus ligger på smartphoneanvändare. Ett kvalitativt synsätt har tillämpats samt en blandning av deduktivt och induktivt synsätt, där det deduktiva synsättet är det övergripande. Primärdata består av intervjuer och enkätundersökningar. Sekundärdata består främst av akademiska, utvärderade journaler. Studiens syfte identifierades när vi tyckte oss finna en tydlig brist i kunskap bland användare om vad 4G faktiskt är. Med det i åtanke ämnar vi stänga gapet mellan det rent tekniska bakom 4G och användarnas förståelse av det. Som resultat identifierar vi användningsområden som med tidigare teknik (3G) var begränsade. / This paper intends to describe the benefits and disadvantages with 4G technology through a user-perspective where focus lay upon the users of smartphones. The study is made with a qualitative approach and a mixture of a deductive and inductive approach, where the deductive approach is the most prominent. Primary data consist of interviews and surveys. Secondary data derive primarily from academic, evaluated journals. This paper aims to bridge the gap between purely technical data and its actual scope of use, hence creating an increased understanding both among users as well as suppliers. As a result, we identify certain concrete uses of 4G that with previous technologies (3G) were not possible.

In recent years, transmission of video over the Internet has become an important application. As wireless networks are becoming increasingly popular, it is expected that video will be an important application over wireless networks as well. Unlike wired networks, wireless networks have high data loss rates. Streaming video in the presence of high data loss can be a challenge because it results in errors in the video.<p>Video applications produce large amounts of data that need to be compressed for efficient storage and transmission. Video encoders compress data into dependent frames and independent frames. During transmission, the compressed video may lose some data. Depending on where the packet loss occurs in the video, the error can propagate for a long time. If the error occurs on a reference frame at the beginning of the video, all the frames that depend on the reference frame will not be decoded successfully. <p>This thesis presents the concept of mixed streaming, which reduces the impact of video propagation errors in error prone networks. Mixed streaming delivers a video file using two levels of reliability; reliable and unreliable. This allows sensitive parts of the video to be delivered reliably while less sensitive areas of the video are transmitted unreliably. Experiments are conducted that study the behavior of mixed streaming over error prone wireless networks. Results show that mixed streaming makes it possible to reduce the impact of errors by making sure that errors on reference frames are corrected. Correcting errors on reference frames limits the time for which errors can propagate, thereby improving the video quality. Results also show that the delay cost associated with the mixed streaming approach is reasonable for fairly high packet loss rates.

With the popularity of the Internet and the wider bandwidth, more and more people watch streaming movies online. The larger the scale of the web site, the more load it has to handle. Thus, how to efficiently process users' queries, reduce network latency and packet loss, and improve data reliability at once are top issues. Cloud environments, in this thesis, are used to solve these problems. Also, a cloud-based streaming system that enables users query movie information and watch movies streaming online is designed and implemented to deliver compelling user experiences.

We use load balance technique, Linux Virtual Server. Cluster server system construct the efficient structure own high scalability and availability through connecting with high performance network or LAN. In addition, applications provide transmitting real-time video and audio are increasingly needed with network bandwidth increase. To fit the current trend and test the multimedia streaming support of LVS, we add streaming service into web cluster system. But the playing of stream is not smooth, when the system is running. Streaming have serious delay and so we propose transmitting stream directly. When user had chose stream media from web then the client connect with streaming server directly and play the media continually, so we improve the performance of streaming.

Thesis (M.S.)--Worcester Polytechnic Institute. / Keywords: video streaming, motion detection, adaptive scaling. Includes bibliographical references (p. 48-51).

Thèse de doctorat : Informatique : Lyon 2 : 2001. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr.. Index.

Thesis (M.S.)--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 2009. / Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 47-05, page: 2938. Adviser: Daniel Spiegel. Includes bibliographical references (p. 23-24)

Inaug.-Diss.--Kiel. / Vita. Bibliography: p. [37].