AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF SAMANTHA OKON for the MASTERS OF SCIENCE degree in Communication Disorders and Sciences, presented on April 5, 2010, at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. TITLE: GRADUATE STUDENT PREFERENCES OF SOCIAL POWER USE IN CLINICAL SUPERVISION MAJOR PROFESSOR: Dr. Linda McCabe Smith, C.C.C. SLP The purpose of this pilot study was to investigate the preferences and perceptions of graduate student supervisees when rating the five bases of social power use of their supervisors in clinical speech-language pathology. When used in supervision, the supervisee may perceive some bases to be positive in outcome and some to be negative. Social power refers to the ability of one individual to influence the beliefs, attitudes and behaviors of another individual. French and Raven created the five bases of social power in 1959 in order to describe how individuals or groups interact with one another (Raven, 2008). The five bases of social power include coercive, reward, expert, legitimate and referent. Results indicated that graduate supervisees preferred more referent power, reward power and expert power than was used by their current supervisor. Results also demonstrated graduate supervisees would prefer less coercive power and legitimate power to be used by their supervisors in clinical supervision.

La preocupación por el cambio climático y el medio ambiente, el aumento del nivel de electrificación en las comunidades aisladas, permite aprovechar los recursos naturales de la zona para el suministro de energía con fuentes renovables. Asimismo, el desarrollo de las redes inteligentes, contribuyen a la gestión y operación de los sistemas de generación de energía. El objetivo de esta tesis es integrar a la comunidad con el sistema de suministro de energía eléctrica con el propósito de mejorar la sustentabilidad del proyecto. Para lograrlo se extraen las características sociales de la población: estructura organizacional, proceso de toma de decisiones, nivel socioeconómico, nivel cultural y mapa de sueños. De la misma forma, es necesario conocer las características técnicas del sistema eléctrico de generación y la factibilidad de instalar sistemas de comunicación para establecer un enlace entre la localidad y los equipos que suministran la energía. Una vez conocidas las características sociales y técnicas, se desarrolla un concepto innovador denominado “Social SCADA” (del inglés Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition), que se fundamenta en el nivel de sociabilidad existente entre los miembros de la comunidad. El Social SCADA es una herramienta de software modular expandible formada por: 1) optimizador, 2) herramienta para la toma de decisiones y 3) herramienta para la supervisión y mantenimiento. Este trabajo de tesis desarrolla en detalle el punto tres, proponiendo interfaces intuitivas de fácil manejo y entendimiento para los miembros de la comunidad. La aplicación cuenta con: interfaz para establecer un canal de comunicación entre la comunidad y la universidad, interfaz para monitorear las fuentes de generación del proyecto, indicadores de sustentabilidad y se indican las tareas de mantenimiento pendientes para que la población las ejecute. El sistema se encuentra implementado en la localidad de Huatacondo, en un proyecto de una Micro-red inteligente llevado a cabo por el grupo de investigación de la Universidad de Chile. Para su desarrollo se utiliza la plataforma LabVIEW y el servidor OPC de Matrikon. Al culminar este trabajo se logra una validación técnica y social, mejorando la percepción de los habitantes sobre el proyecto. La herramienta propuesta extiende el concepto de los sistemas SCADA tradicionales, ya que la comunidad gestiona, mantiene, controla y supervisa el sistema de generación de energía, lo que proyecta su permanencia en el tiempo. Como trabajo futuro se plantea el desarrollo de aplicaciones móviles, la herramienta de toma de decisiones y aumentar indicadores sociales que sean de interés para la comunidad.

Pour la conception d’un système contrôle-commande, les spécifications fonctionnelles sont à la charge des concepteurs car ce sont eux qui en maîtrisent le fonctionnement. Ces experts n’ont pourtant généralement pas les connaissances en programmation de ceux qui conçoivent le système de pilotage. Ils écrivent alors ces spécifications fonctionnelles en langage naturel, les communiquent ensuite aux concepteurs de l’interface de supervision et du programme de commande qui sont en charge de les implémenter et de les intégrer au système. Les erreurs qui découlent de l’interprétation des spécifications émanent de la différence de culture technique entre les différents intervenants du projet. De plus, suivant la complexité du système, la définition des spécifications fonctionnelles peut être fastidieuse. Nous proposons une approche de conception basée d’une part sur l’analyse de la tâche et sur les techniques du End User Development pour l’obtention de spécifications fonctionnelles validées par les experts métiers. Les techniques de l’ingénierie dirigée par les modèles sont mises en oeuvre pour générer automatiquement l’interface de spécification (qui intègre un Enregistreur, un Généralisateur, un Rejoueur, et un Correcteur), l’interface de supervision du système à piloter et son programme de commande. La démarche proposée a fait l’objet d’une preuve de concept démontrant sa faisabilité technique. Cette preuve de concept a fait l’objet d’évaluations qui ont démontré son intérêt dans le cadre de la conception de système de supervision. / For designing complex and sociotechnical systems, business experts are responsible for writing the functional specifications because of their operational expert knowledge. However, these experts do not usually own the programming knowledge of those who design supervision systems. The task of the system design expert is then to define the functional specifications. S/he writes them in natural language, and then provides them to the designers of the supervision interface and the control-command code. The designers’ job is then to implement and integrate the specifications into the system. Errors from the specification interpretation come from the difference of technical knowledge between the various partners involved in the project. Moreover, depending on the complexity of the system, the definition of functional specifications can be tedious.We propose a design approach based on task modelling and End User Development in order to obtain functional specifications validated by the business experts (mechanical engineer for example).Model-driven engineering techniques are implemented to automatically generate the specification interface (that integrates Recorder, Generalizer, Replayer, and Corrector), the system supervision interface to be piloted and its control program.The technical feasibility of the proposed approach was demonstrated through a proof of concept. This proof of concept was evaluated to demonstrate the interest of the approach in the design of supervision systems.

Objective: This research intends to add to the understanding of the various factors that influence an employee’s intention to quit an organisation. Increasingly globalised markets and global competition have demanded that organisations retain scarce human resources. The moderating effect of an employees’ level of engagement on the relationship of an employees’ level of psychological contract breach and perceived supervisor support with the productivity outcome of the employees’ intention to quit the organisation is examined to deepen the understanding of the relevance and inter-relationships of these factors. Methodology: This quantitative explanatory study considered the level of an employees perceived supervisor support and psychological contract breach as the predictor of their intention to quit and their level of employee engagement as the moderator of the variable relationships. The study obtained 449 responses from the employees in the Johannesburg based business unit of a South African company. The Pearsons product moment correlation coefficients were observed to identify the extent of the relationships and a stepwise multiple regression analysis gave insight into which of the independent variables explained more of the variances in ITQ. Finally a two-way ANOVA was used to check for interaction to determine the moderating effect of EE. Outcome: The level of an employee’s engagement, perceived supervisor support and psychological contract breach were observed to have significant relationships with their intention to quit the organisation in this study. The level of employee engagement was not observed to significantly moderate the relationship of their perception of supervisor support and psychological contract breach with their intention to quit the organisation. This suggests that the relationship of an employees’ level of perceived super support and psychological contract breach on their intention to quit does not vary depending on their level of employee engagement. / Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / ccgibs2014 / Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) / MBA / Unrestricted

Magister Artium (Psychology) - MA(Psych) / South Africa has one of the highest postgraduate dropout rates in the world. One of the main contributing factors to the high number of unfinished Master’s and Doctorate degrees is incomplete theses and dissertations. Frequently postgraduate students complete all other course requirements, but are unable to complete the independent research component. Ethics clearance was obtained from the Senate research committee at UWC. This study used a systematic review methodology to identify appropriate literature on the personal characteristics and demographic variables of postgraduate research students and supervisors and the impact that these variables have on completion rates. The study evaluated the literature for methodological quality in order to enable comprehensive identification, evaluation and meta-synthesis of the current best evidence regarding personal and demographic factors which may affect the supervisory relationship and help or hinder completion rates. This resulted in an evidence base of filtered information which can be used by individuals, institutions of higher education, and government or non-government organisations to inform individual practice, specialised training programmes and general psychoeducation. The results indicated that there is empirical evidence from good quality research that personal and demographic variables impact the working alliance between students and supervisors, and ultimately the completion of the research. Race, gender, spirituality, isolation, and socio-economic status were among the more prominent factors identified.

Magister Artium (Psychology) - MA(Psych) / Knowledge-based competition within a globalising economy is prompting a fresh consideration of the role of higher education in development and growth. Previously, it was often viewed as an expensive and inefficient public service that largely benefited the wealthy and privileged. It is now understood to make a necessary contribution to the success of national efforts to boost productivity, competitiveness and economic growth. Several governments see universities as engines for change and expansion of prosperity. There is also an increasing recognition that Higher Education has become dominated by a market-driven, consumerist service ethic and that this may have an impact on the style of research output and research supervision that academics adopt for a new knowledge economy. Research education or training, as it is often termed, is attracting greater scrutiny as research itself is seen of greater importance in the global knowledge economy. Students in post-graduation degree programmes across the world conduct research projects as a requirement to complete degrees A thesis or dissertation develops the ability to work independently and critically, the ability to develop arguments, and awareness and use of advanced methodological designs that pertain to the student's discipline of study. Thus such learning is argued to be facilitated in the context of research advisement or supervision. Through this process the student might adopt or internalise values and attitudes of the supervisor regarding research. This process is referred to as internalisation of the research supervisor, thereby contributing to the development of the student researchers. The theoretical framework chosen for this study was social constructionism. The aim of this present study was to explore the perceptions and experiences of students in relation to the internalisation of the supervisor that may take place during research supervision. The study utilised in-depth semi-structured interviews to collect data. Eleven participants from various supervisors consented to be part of the study. These were recruited using purposive sampling. The ethics considerations of the study adhered to the guidelines stipulated by Ethics committee of the University. Data was transcribed, and analysed using thematic analysis. The findings of this study indicate factors contributing to internalisation vary depending on aspects such as personalities of both the supervisor and the student, perceived quality of supervision and the supervision process itself. Findings also suggest that internalisation, whether positive or negative, of the research supervisor took place among the participants.

The purpose of the research has been to explore perceptions of supervisors regarding their referral role within the Employee Assistance Programme (EAP). Traditionally supervisors are expected to identify troubled employees and refer them to the EAP. Therefore, the study will help in identifying perceptions on the part of the supervisors and improve knowledge as to how they perceive their referral role within the EAP. The researcher did an exploratory study in this qualitative applied research, since her intention was to gain understanding of the perceptions of supervisors regarding their referral role within the EAP. It is the aim of the qualitative approach to understand the meaning that individuals attach to their everyday lives. The population consisted of 30 EAP client companies of The Careways Group in Gauteng. The researcher interviewed 12 respondents from three client companies, who had 20% or fewer supervisory referrals. The 12 respondents were selected as the sample through non-probability sampling, utilizing a purposive sampling method. Five of the respondents were working for Nashua Mobile, four were working for Computer Share and three were working for New Vaal. The empirical data was gathered by means of a semi-structured interview schedule. A tape recorder was used to record the interviews and put data into transcripts. All respondents signed an informed consent form (Appendix D). An in-depth literature review was conducted about the benefits of an EAP, types of referrals, responsibilities of a supervisor, resistance to utilise the EAP and addressing supervisors’ referral problems. Findings indicate that supervisors need comprehensive training regarding the EAP, which should also be linked with other management trainings. Supervisors believe that they are the key figures in implementing the programme because they work closely with employees, but they are not confident enough to implement the programme due to lack of knowledge. Supervisors indicated that the EAP plays a minimal role as a management tool and there is a need to re-position the programme based on the needs of the organisation. There is a general view that as the needs of the organisations is changing, so should the focus of the EAP. / Dissertation (MSW)--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Social Work and Criminology / unrestricted

The purpose of this research is to study how organizations maintain their competitive advantage in today’s turbulent and highly competitive business environment, by striving to become a learning organization. The impact of factors such as leadership (both transformational and transactional leadership) and trust on an organization’s learning capability is empirically examined. This research adds to the existing body of literature in two ways. First, it argues that a transactional leadership style can influence learning, despite research spanning the last decade that has focused on transformational leadership theory as the dominant model of effective leadership. Therefore, the importance of both leadership styles, each having valuable differential effects is emphasized in this study. Second, the previously untested role of trust as mediating the relationship between leadership and organizational learning capability is examined. It is argued that without supervisor trust, the opportunities for a learning organization to reach its full potential and to subsequently develop learning capabilities is reduced. Findings from this study support the influence of both leadership styles on learning. Trust in one’s supervisor was also found to fully mediate the relationship between leadership and learning.

Uppsatsens syfte är att genom en kvalitativ undersökning belysa scriptayrket. Fyrascriptor har deltagit i djupintervjuer där de med egna ord beskrivit sitt arbete. De områdensom diskuterats är hur de blev scriptor, scriptans arbetsuppgifter, hur samarbetet ser ut medkollegor i filmteamet, egenskaper som är viktiga att ha som scripta, att det finns en okunskapom yrket samt bristen på en naturlig väg in i yrket. Detta kombineras med en teoretisk delsom belyser scriptan historiskt samt ur ett genusperspektiv. Det studien kommit fram till äratt det finns en historisk bakgrund som lett till att scriptan som yrke har haft fler kvinnliga änmanliga utövare. Genus har dock inte påverkat de intervjuade scriptorna när de valt sitt yrke.Scriptorna beskriver i intervjuerna en stor okunskap om deras yrke, mycket av det beror på attdet saknas utbildningar och litteratur om yrket. Till skillnad från andra yrken inom film ärscriptans yrke inte kopplat till kreativt arbete eller teknik, det är en av anledningarna tillokunskapen kring yrket. Det finns idag ingen naturlig väg för att bli scripta, något som ärunikt när det kommer till yrken inom filmindustrin. Likväl är scriptan den enda positionen påen filminspelning utan en egen assistent. En scripta-assistent skulle kunna vara en naturligväg för personer med intresse för yrket att arbeta sig uppåt. Dock håller inte alla intervjuadescriptor med om behovet av en scripta-assistent, men med en ökande produktionstakt kan detbehovet förändras.

La presente investigación evalúa la necesidad de que el Organismo Supervisor de Inversión Privada en Telecomunicaciones - Osiptel, como agencia de competencia en el mercado de los servicios públicos de telecomunicaciones, realice un análisis de efectos anticompetitivos de las prácticas exclusorias de manera uniforme, y siguiendo criterios que otorguen mayor predictibilidad a los agentes económicos, minimizando el riesgo de sancionar prácticas empresariales eficientes. Luego de la investigación realizada, se plantearon los lineamientos que debería seguir el Osiptel en esta materia. La propuesta comprende el empleo del test de balance de efectos como estándar de análisis de los efectos de las conductas exclusorias, y la aplicación de los criterios de variación de participación de mercado, variación de los niveles de precios, posibilidad de elevar o crear barreras de entrada al mercado, limitación de la libertad de elección de los consumidores y variación de la calidad de los productos o servicios para determinar el efecto anticompetitivo de las conductas exclusorias. Se concluye que resulta necesario se sigan los lineamientos planteados en la presente investigación, toda vez que permiten determinar la afectación que la práctica ocasiona no solo en los competidores, sino directamente en el bienestar del consumidor. Ello considerando que las normas de libre competencia tienen como objeto proteger el proceso competitivo, promoviendo la eficiencia económica en los mercados para el bienestar de los consumidores.