O presente estudo consiste num levantamento taxonômico de poliquetas da família Sabellidae coletados da zona entremarés, ao longo da costa do Estado de São Paulo, e águas profundas, nos estados do Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo. O material é proveniente dos projetos \"Biodiversidade de Anelídeos Poliquetas em Costões Rochosos ao Longo do Estado de São Paulo\", BIOTA/FAPESP - Bentos Marinho e REVIZEE/Score Sul - Bentos. Para identificações, descrições e ilustrações dos táxons foram utilizados microscópios estereoscópico, óptico e eletrônico de varredura, além do uso de câmera digital. As espécies estudadas foram: Amphicorina sp. n., Amphiglena lindae, Branchiomma luctuosum, B. patriota, Chone sp. n., Demonax cf. microphthalmus, Euchone sp. n., Fabriciola sp. n., Jasmineira sp. n., Kirkiana heterobranchiata, Manayunkia brasiliensis, Megalomma sp. n., Notaulax nudicollis, Notaulax sp. n. 1, Notaulax sp. n. 2, Potamethus sp. n., Pseudobranchiomma minima, P. paraemersoni, P. paulista, Pseudopotamilla sp. n., P. cf. reniformis, Perkinsiana sp. n. e Sabellomma minuta gen. n. Destas, 14 são espécies novas para a ciência e 2 são novas ocorrências da espécie no litoral brasileiro, além de dois gêneros novos para a ciência, um dos quais, já formalmente descrito. O gênero Sabelloma gen. n. assemelha-se a Bispira, e é caracterizado pela presença de radíolos com ocelos lenticulados como unidades independentes, tórax com 4-5 setígeros, presença de ocelos interramais e de cerdas acompanhantes dos uncini. O gênero Kirkiana assemelha-se a Perkinsiana, possui como principais caracteres colar fundido dorsalmente à goteira fecal, par mais dorsal de radíolos mais curto do que os demais em espécimes férteis, lábios dorsais sem apêndices radiolares e uncini com manúbrios curtos. São fornecidas chaves de identificação, descrições completas e comparações. / The present study is a taxonomic survey of polychaetes from of the family Sabellidae collected from intertidal zone, along the coast off the State of São Paulo, and deep waters, off the states of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. The material came from the projects \"Biodiversity of Intertidal Polychaetes (Annelida: Polychaeta) on Rocky Shores off the State of São Paulo, Brazil\", BIOTA/FAPESP/Benthic Marine Biodiversity and REVIZEE/South Score - Benthos. Identifications, descriptions and illustrations were made with stereomicroscope, optic and scanning electronic microscope, besides the use of digital camera. The species studied were: Amphicorina sp. n., Amphiglena lindae, Branchiomma luctuosum, B. patriota, Chone sp. n., Demonax cf. microphthalmus, Euchone sp. n., Fabriciola sp. n., Jasmineira sp. n., Kirkiana heterobranchiata, Manayunkia brasiliensis, Megalomma sp. n., Notaulax nudicollis, Notaulax sp. n. 1, Notaulax sp. n. 2, Potamethus sp. n., Pseudobranchiomma minima, P. paraemersoni, P. paulista, Pseudopotamilla sp. n., P. cf. reniformis, Perkinsiana sp. n. e Sabellomma minuta gen. n. From these, 14 are species new to science and 2 are new occurrences to Brazilian coast, besides 2 new genera, one of which already formally described. The genus Sabellomma gen. n. is similar to Bispira, and it is characterized by the presence of unpaired, irregularly-spaced radiolar eye spots, thorax with 4-5 chaetigers, presence of interramal eyespots and companion chaetae. The genus Kirkiana is similar to Perkinsiana,, and its main diagnostic characters are collar dorsally fused to the fecal groove, dorsalmost pair of radioles shorter than the remaining ones in fertile specimens, dorsal lips lacking radiolar appendages and uncini with short handles. Identification keys, complete descriptions and comparisons with closest congeners are provided.

O presente estudo consiste num levantamento taxonômico de poliquetas da família Sabellidae coletados da zona entremarés, ao longo da costa do Estado de São Paulo, e águas profundas, nos estados do Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo. O material é proveniente dos projetos \"Biodiversidade de Anelídeos Poliquetas em Costões Rochosos ao Longo do Estado de São Paulo\", BIOTA/FAPESP - Bentos Marinho e REVIZEE/Score Sul - Bentos. Para identificações, descrições e ilustrações dos táxons foram utilizados microscópios estereoscópico, óptico e eletrônico de varredura, além do uso de câmera digital. As espécies estudadas foram: Amphicorina sp. n., Amphiglena lindae, Branchiomma luctuosum, B. patriota, Chone sp. n., Demonax cf. microphthalmus, Euchone sp. n., Fabriciola sp. n., Jasmineira sp. n., Kirkiana heterobranchiata, Manayunkia brasiliensis, Megalomma sp. n., Notaulax nudicollis, Notaulax sp. n. 1, Notaulax sp. n. 2, Potamethus sp. n., Pseudobranchiomma minima, P. paraemersoni, P. paulista, Pseudopotamilla sp. n., P. cf. reniformis, Perkinsiana sp. n. e Sabellomma minuta gen. n. Destas, 14 são espécies novas para a ciência e 2 são novas ocorrências da espécie no litoral brasileiro, além de dois gêneros novos para a ciência, um dos quais, já formalmente descrito. O gênero Sabelloma gen. n. assemelha-se a Bispira, e é caracterizado pela presença de radíolos com ocelos lenticulados como unidades independentes, tórax com 4-5 setígeros, presença de ocelos interramais e de cerdas acompanhantes dos uncini. O gênero Kirkiana assemelha-se a Perkinsiana, possui como principais caracteres colar fundido dorsalmente à goteira fecal, par mais dorsal de radíolos mais curto do que os demais em espécimes férteis, lábios dorsais sem apêndices radiolares e uncini com manúbrios curtos. São fornecidas chaves de identificação, descrições completas e comparações. / The present study is a taxonomic survey of polychaetes from of the family Sabellidae collected from intertidal zone, along the coast off the State of São Paulo, and deep waters, off the states of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. The material came from the projects \"Biodiversity of Intertidal Polychaetes (Annelida: Polychaeta) on Rocky Shores off the State of São Paulo, Brazil\", BIOTA/FAPESP/Benthic Marine Biodiversity and REVIZEE/South Score - Benthos. Identifications, descriptions and illustrations were made with stereomicroscope, optic and scanning electronic microscope, besides the use of digital camera. The species studied were: Amphicorina sp. n., Amphiglena lindae, Branchiomma luctuosum, B. patriota, Chone sp. n., Demonax cf. microphthalmus, Euchone sp. n., Fabriciola sp. n., Jasmineira sp. n., Kirkiana heterobranchiata, Manayunkia brasiliensis, Megalomma sp. n., Notaulax nudicollis, Notaulax sp. n. 1, Notaulax sp. n. 2, Potamethus sp. n., Pseudobranchiomma minima, P. paraemersoni, P. paulista, Pseudopotamilla sp. n., P. cf. reniformis, Perkinsiana sp. n. e Sabellomma minuta gen. n. From these, 14 are species new to science and 2 are new occurrences to Brazilian coast, besides 2 new genera, one of which already formally described. The genus Sabellomma gen. n. is similar to Bispira, and it is characterized by the presence of unpaired, irregularly-spaced radiolar eye spots, thorax with 4-5 chaetigers, presence of interramal eyespots and companion chaetae. The genus Kirkiana is similar to Perkinsiana,, and its main diagnostic characters are collar dorsally fused to the fecal groove, dorsalmost pair of radioles shorter than the remaining ones in fertile specimens, dorsal lips lacking radiolar appendages and uncini with short handles. Identification keys, complete descriptions and comparisons with closest congeners are provided.

No description available.

Terebeliformes e sabelídeos, são grupos de poliquetas sedentários, bastante abundantes e diversificados em ambientes marinhos. Embora sejam abundantes e geralmente conspícuos, o conhecimento taxonômico sobre esses animais no litoral brasileiro ainda é muito limitado. Entretanto, a maioria dos registros de espécies de poliquetas para o Brasil provém de estudos realizados nas regiões Sudeste e Sul, enquanto em outras regiões, a fauna de poliquetas ainda é praticamente desconhecida, como o litoral nordestino, limitando-se a alguns estudos conduzidos por pesquisadores estrangeiros ao longo da costa brasileira durante a década de 70. Além disso, há muitos habitats praticamente ainda não exploradas ao longo do litoral do Brasil, como bancos de algas calcárias (bancos de rodolitos) e principalmente em ambientes de águas profundas, uma vez que poucos estudos sobre a fauna bentônica foram realizadas na região da plataforma continental (abaixo de 50 m) e menos ainda entre estas e talude continental (∼ 3.000 m). Neste contexto, o presente trabalho é um dos primeiros estudos de cunho taxonômico tratando especificamente dos Terebelliformia (Terebellidae, Thelepodidae, Polycirridae e Trichobranchidae) e Sabellidae que ocorrem ao longo da costa brasileira, abrangendo diversos tipos de substratos, desde consolidados e não consolidados, até substratos biológicos, como recifes de coral e bancos de rodolitos. Além disso, é o primeiro conduzido no país abrangendo também ambientes bentônicos de águas profundas. Foram analisados aproximadamente 5.500 indivíduos, pertencentes a 51 espécies, sendo 6 representantes de Polycirridae, 15 de Terebellidae, 7 de Thelepodidae, 5 de Trichobranchidae, e finalmente, 18 espécies de Sabellidae. Dentre as espécies encontradas, 26 são novas espécies para a ciência, além da ocorrência de dois gêneros de Terebellidae nunca antes registrado em águas brasileiras, Neoleprea e Lanicola. Além disso, material brasileiro anteriormente identificado como pertencente a algumas espécies de Terebelliformia e Sabellidae consideradas cosmopolitas, tais como Loimia grubei, L. medusa, Eupolymnia nebulosa, Pseudopotamilla reniformis, Parasabella microphthalma, Polycirrus plumosus e Amaeana trilobata, foi aqui descrito como diferentes táxons, novos para a ciência. / Terebeliforms and sabelids are sedentary polychaetes, very abundant and diverse in marine environments. Although are abundant, and often conspicuous worms, the knowledge of fauna of terebeliforms and sabellids occurring off the Brazilian coast is still poor. However, those studies are concentrated mostly on the southern/southeastern regions, while in others regions of the Brazilian coast the polychaete fauna occurring there is virtually unknown, as the northeastern coast, with few studies conducted by foreign researchers during the 70s. In addition, there are many habitats virtually still unexplored along the litoral of Brazil, as banks of calcareous algae (rhodolith beds) and mainly in deep-water environments, once few studies on the benthic fauna were conducted in the continental shelf region (below 50 m) and even fewer between the latter and the continental slope (∼3.000 m). In this context, this thesis is one of the first taxonomic studies dealing specifically with Terebelliformia (Terebellidae, Thelepodidae, Polycirridae and Trichobranchidae) and Sabellidae occuring along the Brazilian coast, from Sao Paulo to Paraíba, considering several types of substrates, from consolidated and unconsolidated, to biological substrates such as coral reefs and rhodolith beds. Moreover, it is the first conducted in the country covering terebelliformes and sabellids from deep waters. In total, approximately 5,500 were analyzed, belonging to 51 species, being 6 species of Polycirridae, 15 of Terebellidae, 7 species of Thelepodidae, 5 of Trichobranchidae and finally 18 are Sabellidae species. Among the species found, 26 are new to science, besides the occurrence of two genera of Terebellidae never before recorded in Brazilian waters, Neoleprea and Lanicola. In addition, Brazilian material previously identified as belonging to some species of Terebelliformia and Sabellidae considered cosmopolitan, such as Loimia grubei, L. medusa, Eupolymnia nebulosa, Pseudopotamilla reniformis, Parasabella microphthalma, Polycirrus plumosus and Amaeana trilobata, described herein as different taxa, new to science.

Thesis (M.S.)--Oregon State University, 2006. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 90-96). Also available on the World Wide Web.

Thesis (M.S.)--Oregon State University, 2006. / Title from metadata title field (viewed Nov. 13, 2006). Includes bibliographical references (p. 90-96).

Thesis (M.S.)--Humboldt State University, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 66-69). Also available via Humboldt Digital Scholar.

Terebrasabella heterouncinata is a small K-selected sabellid polychaete. It is a simultaneous hermaphrodite with a semi-continuous mode of reproduction, producing relatively few large eggs that are brooded within the parental burrow until the larvae emerge, to settle on the growing edge of the abalone shell. Despite its low fecundity, this worm has become problematic on abalone farms in South Africa. The present study was conducted to gain an understanding of the life history patterns of T. helerouncinata to determine how they contributed to the success of these worms under altered conditions. This study demonstrated that conditions prevalent on abalone farms were conducive to enhancing the reproductive success of this worm, and suggests that larger, more fecund worms may have been selected for in the decade that these worms have been present on the farms. Increased nutrient availability, and possibly the increased stability of the farm environment relative to its natural environment, has led to a 1.5-fold increase in the average size of the worms. Body size was found to be positively correlated with brood size, and this resulted in worms on farms brooding 3 to 4.5 times more offspring at a time than worms from wild abalone. The ability to increase the number of eggs produced at a time may have been limited by the fact that these worms have only two ovaries. Thus, the increase in fecundity may have been related primarily to the increase in the rate at which the eggs were laid by the worms on the farms, and the increase in the coelomic space available for the storage of these rapidly developing eggs. The ability to increase the rate at which oocytes develop may be related to the vitellogenic mechanisms employed by these worms. Vitellogenic oocytes are able to incorporate high molecular weight yolk precursors from the surrounding coelomic fluid through endocytotic activity. This may allow the oocytes to increase the rate at which they incorporate yolk material under conditions of nutrient enrichment. The increase in fecundity did not occur at the expense of offspring size and, presumably, quality. The increased reproductive output on the farms was compounded by a proportionate increase in the number of reproducing worms within the population. In addition, these worms are long-lived (worms from farmed abalone reached a maximum age of approximately 40 months) and exhibit negligible senescence. Thus, their reproductive output did not change significantly with an increase in age. Furthermore, the proportion of the reproductive worms did not decrease with an increase in age. Thus, within the age range tested, worms of all ages have the potential to make equal contributions to population growth. While diet and abalone stocking density could not be identified as having a significant effect on reproductive output and infestation rate under intensive culture conditions, it was demonstrated that in a naïve abalone population, the total intensity of infestation increased exponentially with time. This increase may be a consequence of an increase in fertilisation success. These worms continuously produce entaquasperm that are released into the water column. The sperm are collected by other individuals that then store the sperm in a single spermatheca. The ability to store sperm relieves individuals of a dependence on the synchronisation of spawning of eggs and sperm. As the population size and density increases, there could be more individuals releasing sperm into the water column, resulting in a continuous supply of sperm. The increased production of eggs would therefore not be constrained by a lack of sperm. The stored sperm are released into the brood chamber to fertilise eggs as they are laid, and this would probably increase the fertilisation success in the species. This study also provides evidence to suggest that reproduction in this worm has a seasonal component. Future studies should concentrate on measuring fertilisation success in greater detail, measuring the effect of season on reproduction, determining whether there are genetic differences between worms on farmed and wild abalone and determining whether wild worms have similar life-spans and age-related fecundity as worms on farms.

In the late 1980's abalone culturalists noticed reduced growth rate and shell deformities in some abalone stocks. These problems were the result of infestations by a shell boring polychaete, Terebrasabella heterouncinata. Under intensive abalone culture conditions the level of infestation can reach epidemic proportions and there are often severe consequences for the host abalone. Heavy sabellid infestation levels have placed the economic viability of several South African farms under threat. This study formed part of an ongoing project that is aimed at investigating the basic biology of Terebrasabella heterouncinata. The majority of abalone farmers in South Africa feed their abalone either naturally occurring kelp (Ecklonia maxima) or the formulated abalone feed, Abfeed. Farmers have suggested that the use of Abfeed is associated with higher sabellid infestation levels and changing the abalone diet from Abfeed to kelp helps reduce sabellid infestation. Speculation has arisen indicating that older, slower growing abalone are more susceptible to sabellid infestation. The effect of host abalone diet history and their growth on sabellid settlement success, morphometries and reproduction was quantified. To better understand the plasticity of the expression of life history traits the variability of morphometric and reproductive characteristics was compared between different farm environments. And more...

The freshwater polychaete Manayunkia speciosa was identified as an obligate host of the salmonid parasite Ceratomyxa shasta in 1997, prompting increased research on the small benthic invertebrate. Ceratomyxa shasta infection in fish can cause mortality, and presents a disease risk for both hatchery and wild salmon and trout. Ceratomyxa shasta is endemic to rivers of the Pacific Northwest, and its effects have been particularly well documented in the Klamath River, Oregon and California. One option for managing C. shasta impacts is by decreasing densities of M. speciosa through habitat manipulation, thus decreasing amplification of the parasite. The Klamath River is regulated by irrigation and hydropower dams, thus manipulating the hydrograph to destabilize habitat is a possibility. Decreasing habitat through flow manipulation requires a thorough understanding of the hydraulic environment of polychaete habitat, and how that environment changes with discharge. This thesis proposes an influence diagram of physical variables driving M. speciosa density, and investigates several of them. Samples were collected for enumerating M. speciosa density from nine sites in the Klamath River over 15 months, and seasonal density changes were examined, as were the relationships between density and hydraulic variables (depth, average velocity, substrate size, Reynolds number, Froude number). Density increased directly with depth and inversely with velocity, and was greater on small (silt, sand) and large (boulder, bedrock) substrate relative to medium substrate (gravel, cobble). Density was highest in the summer (July, August, September), and there was evidence that summer densities were influenced by spring discharges through the mechanism of substrate mobilization. Differences in infection prevalence among seasons and habitats were also investigated; however, very low overall incidence of infection limited any conclusions. Based on these results, it is recommended that habitat modeling for management of M. speciosa populations include a habitat stability component that incorporates s whether peak discharge the previous year surpassed a stability threshold. / Graduation date: 2013