Thesis (M. Sc.)--University of Alberta, 2010. / Title from pdf file main screen (viewed on Jan. 22, 2010). A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Ecology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2008. / Title from file title page. Despina Margomenou, committee chair; Jeffrey Glover, Frank Williams, committee members. Description based on contents viewed June 19, 2009. Includes bibliographical references (p. 95-105).

Thesis (D. Min.)--Erskine Theological Seminary, 2008. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 288-305).

Thesis (D. Min.)--New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary, 1995. / Includes abstract and vita. "May 1995." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 158-162).

Thesis (D. Min.)--Erskine Theological Seminary, 2008. / Abstract. Description based on Microfiche version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 288-305).

Texte remanié de: Th. doct.--University of Alabama, 1990. / Bibliogr. p. 379-446. Index.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-11-21Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:04:42Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 santos_fv_dr_arafcf.pdf: 2772038 bytes, checksum: 87de3b04ac94695610adac9ab078ad62 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / No presente trabalho, foram avaliadas dez espécies vegetais, nativas do cerrado brasileiro e utilizadas popularmente no tratamento de úlceras gástricas, quanto ao seu potencial mutagênico. Foram empregados os testes de Ames (in vitro) e do micronúcleo em células do sangue periférico de camundongos (in vivo). De cada espécie vegetal foram avaliados dois tipos de extratos brutos: um polar e um apolar. Nos ensaios in vitro foi verificada mutagenicidade especialmente para os extratos polares (metanólicos) das seguintes espécies vegetais: A. castaneifolia, A. glandulosa, A. triplinervia, M. pusa, Q. grandiflora, Q. multiflora e S. pseudoquina. Nesses mesmos ensaios, os únicos extratos apolares que apresentaram mutagenicidade foram os obtidos de Q. grandiflora e Q. multiflora. Foram avaliados in vivo apenas os extratos polares, sendo que apresentaram mutagenicidade os extratos metanólicos de A. castaneifolia, A. glandulosa, A. triplinervia, Q. multiflora e S. pseudoquina. De acordo com as caracterizações químicas realizadas com as espécies vegetais estudadas, ficou evidente a participação bastante efetiva dos compostos fenólicos (flavonóides e taninos) na mutagenicidade observada. Também foi possível verificar o papel que possíveis interações entre os diferentes compostos químicos presentes nos extratos podem ter em suas atividades biológicas. Tendo em vista as informações obtidas, ficou clara a necessidade que os estudos biológicos e fitoquímicos apresentam para se promover uma maior compreensão dos riscos que podem estar associados aos tratamentos medicinais baseados em plantas. / In this work we evaluate the mutagenic potential of ten vegetable species native of the Brazilian savannah and used popularly in the treatment of gastric ulcers. The Ames test (in vitro) and the Micronucleus test (in vivo) were employed. We evaluate a polar extract and a non-polar extract to each vegetal species. The in vitro assays show the mutagenicity of the methanol extracts (polar) obtained from A. castaneifolia, A. glandulosa, A. triplinervia, M. pusa, Q. grandiflora, Q. multiflora e S. pseudoquina. The non-polar extracts from Q.grandiflora e Q. multiflora were mutagenic too. In vivo, only the polar extracts were studied and the methanol extracts from A. castaneifolia, A. glandulosa, A. triplinervia, Q. multiflora e S. pseudoquina were mutagenic. The phytochemical studies with the evaluated plants permit to infer the participation of the flavonoids and tannins in the mutagenic activities observed in vitro and in vivo. We also verified in this biological activity possible interactions between the different substances present in the raw extracts. In this way, we could to observe the importance of phytochemical and biological studies to promote a better comprehension of the risks that can be associated to the medicinal treatments based in the plants use.

Submitted by Valquíria Barbieri (kikibarbi@hotmail.com) on 2018-04-11T18:26:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2014_Kleber Vecchi Junior.pdf: 1845273 bytes, checksum: 9785e5e7ad87aea4a371b6fe6d1af5f1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jordan (jordanbiblio@gmail.com) on 2018-04-26T17:36:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2014_Kleber Vecchi Junior.pdf: 1845273 bytes, checksum: 9785e5e7ad87aea4a371b6fe6d1af5f1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-26T17:36:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2014_Kleber Vecchi Junior.pdf: 1845273 bytes, checksum: 9785e5e7ad87aea4a371b6fe6d1af5f1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-06-30 / CNPq / Estudos da variabilidade espacial e temporal da composição e das abundâncias dos insetos herbívoros podem fornecer modelos preditivos mais robustos para conservação de espécies, o que se torna imprescindível diante do acelerado processo de perda de habitats naturais e alteração antrópica da paisagem, como o bioma Cerrado com perdas de 47,8% de sua cobertura até o ano de 2008. Os gafanhotos são um grupo dominante de insetos herbívoros em todo o mundo, e sua alta diversidade, importância funcional, sensibilidade à perturbação e facilidade de amostragem os tornam potencialmente úteis para ações de conservação. Para o Brasil, há registro em todas as dez famílias neotropicais de 734 espécies, em 450 gêneros. Assim neste estudo se propõe investigar a variação espacial e temporal da composição das assembleias de gafanhotos em áreas de cerrado e se a estrutura da vegetação e o estresse hídrico ambiental explicam a variação espacial, e temporalmente se a variação das assembleias é explicada pelas estações de chuva de seca. As coletas foram feitas em dez áreas com diferentes fisionomias de cerrado na época de final de chuva, início da seca, seca e chuva do ano de 2011. Utilizou-se de busca ativa com o auxílio de rede entomológica por dois coletores durante três horas em três períodos do dia, em uma área de 10 x 250m paralela a uma curva de nível. Em 15 pontos sorteados ao longo da linha central da área de coleta, distantes no mínimo em cinco metros, foram medidas em uma área de 1m2, a área de cobertura do solo por gramíneas, a altura e o diâmetro de todas as plantas acima de 20cm. As plantas foram distribuídas em quatro estratos conforme a altura e o diâmetro. A estrutura da vegetação foi obtida por análise de componente principal e a composição das assembleias mediante uma PCoA. Os dois primeiros eixos da PCoA (variáveis respostas) e os da PCA (variáveis preditoras) foram utilizados para testar a relação da vegetação com as assembleias. A variação entre sítios úmidos e secos e a variação temporal foram testadas com análise multivariada por permutação (PERMANOVA) usando a matriz de similaridade de Bray-Curtis. Foram coletados 6281 indivíduos, sendo 3168 adultos pertencentes a 100 espécies de 12 subfamílias e seis famílias das superfamílias Acridoidea, Eumastacoidea, Proscopioidea e Tetrigoidea. Gomphocerinae foi a subfamilila mais abundante (N=1525) e diversa (S=38). Amblytropidia robusta foi a espécie mais abundante (N=337), seguida de Amblytropidia geniculata (N= 192), Pellopedon brunneum (N=150) e Carbonellacris grossa (N=138). A variação espacial das assembleias não foi explicada pela estrutura da vegetação, mas sim pela umidade dos sítios. Sítios secos foram mais abundantes (N=1751) e mais ricos (S=81), com 21 espécies exclusivas, os sítios úmidos com 1417 indivíduos e 79 espécies, sendo 20 exclusivas. A variação entre as épocas do ano foi significativa e uma assembleia de sítios úmidos na época de chuva se diferenciou das demais. Vinte e quatro espécies foram registradas apenas em uma época do ano, demonstrando a importância de estudos na dimensão temporal. / Studies of space and temporal variability of the composition and of the abundances of herbivorous insects may provide sturdier predicting models for the conservation of species, what is indispensable facing the accelerated process of natural habitats loss and anthropic alteration of landscapes, like the “cerrado” (Brazilian savannah) with losses of 47,8 of its coverage until 2008. Grasshoppers are a dominating group of herbivorous insects in the whole world, and its high diversity, functional importance, sensibility to disturbance and easiness of sampling make them potentially useful for conservation actions. In Brazil, there are records in all ten Neotropical families with 734 species, in 450 genera. Thus this study proposes to investigate the spatial and temporal variability of the composition of grasshoppers assemblies in the savannah areas and if the vegetation structure and the environmental hydric stress explain the spatial variation, and temporally if the composition of grasshoppers assemblies is explained by rain and drought seasons. The collections were made in ten areas with different savannah physiognomies at the end of the rain period, beginning of drought period, drought and rainy period in the year of 2011. An active search with the aid of an entomologic net by two collectors was used during three hours in three periods of the day, in an area of 10 x 250m parallel to a contour line. In 15 raffled spots along the central line of the collection area, minimally 5 meters away, the area of soil coverage by grasses, the height and diameter of all plants above 20 cm high were measured in an area of 1m2. The plants were distributed in 4 strata according to height and diameter. The structure of the vegetation was obtained through analysis of main component and the composition of assemblies by the aid a PCoA. The two first axis of PCoA (variable answers) and the ones of the PCA (predictor variables) were used to test the relationship of the vegetation with the assemblies. The variation of dry and humid sites and the temporal variation were tested with multivariate analysis through permutation (PERMANOVA) using the similarity matrix of Bray-Curtis. 6281 individuals were collected, being 3168 of them adults belonging to 100 species from 12 subfamilies and six families from the Acridoidea, Eumastacoidea, Proscopioidea and Tretrigoidea superfamilies. Gomphocerinae was the most abundant (N=1525) and diverse (S=38) subfamily. Amblytropidia robusta was the most abundant species (N=337) followed by Amblytropidia geniculate (N=192), Pellopedon brunneum (N=150) and Carbonellacris grossa (N=138). The spatial variation of the assemblies was not explained by the vegetation structure, but by the humidity of the sites. Dry sites were more abundant (N=1751) and richer (S=81), with 21 exclusive species, humid sites with 1417 individuals and 79 species, being 20 of them exclusive. The variation between the times of the year was meaningful and an assembly from humid sites in the rain period was different from the others. Twenty-four species were registered just in one time of the year, demonstrating the relevance of studies in temporal dimension.

M.A. / The Nigeria-Biafra War has elicited a corpus of literature which thematises the hydra-headed problematic of nationhood that embodies ethnicity, politics and history. A recent contribution is Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s award-winning Half of a Yellow Sun (henceforth, Yellow Sun) which reveals interesting affinities between Adichie and Chinua Achebe, and suggests the influence of Achebe on her. The centrality of Biafra to these writers (both are of Igbo or ‘Biafran’ extraction) foregrounds concerns about the links between literary production, identity politics and the narrative of the nation. At a time marked by the resurgence of sub-nationalist notions in Nigeria, it becomes fitting to review the growing ‘Biafra discourse’ as enunciated in recent Nigerian fiction. It is argued that in Yellow Sun and Achebe's most recent novel Anthills of the Savannah (henceforth, Anthills) both writers espouse notions of nationhood which privilege the ethnic group mainly through a valorisation of the Igbo people of south-eastern Nigeria who constituted the defunct Biafra republic. This dissertation examines how both novels depict difference and deploy historical revision to fetishise ethnic identity in their enunciation of ethno-nationalism. It also explores the degree to which Yellow Sun may reflect the influence of Anthills, both ideologically and stylistically. In this regard, the study interrogates the peculiar narratological features of both novels. The predominant research method applied is close reading, and the theoretical framework incorporates theories of narratology, influence and intertextuality as well as postcolonial notions of nationalism, historicisation, difference and representation. The study draws significantly on the scholarship of Frederic Jameson, Mieke Bal, Harold Bloom and Imre Szeman among others. Keywords: narratology, nationalism, historicisation, representation, ethnicity, difference, other/otherness/othering, representation, intertextuality, Nigeria, Biafra, civil war.

Par Pond is a man-made 1120 ha cooling reservoir located on the Savannah River Site near Aiken, South Carolina. From 1972-1978 a detailed study on the status of the alligator in Par Pond was conducted by Tom Murphy (unpub. MS thesis Univ. of GA, 1977). Murphy estimated that approximately 110 alligators inhabited Par Pond with an adult (> 1.8 m) to juvenile (< 1.8 m) ratio of (1.8:1), an overall sex ratio of 3.2:1, and an average of only 2.3 nests/yr. The purpose of this study (1986-1989) was to determine the current population size and structure, determine how the population has changed in the last 15 years and to examine growth and survival of juvenile alligators. Data were collected by monthly night-time eyeshine counts aerial surveys, capturing animals, and locating and following the fate of nests. There was a strong positive correlation between water temperature and the number of alligators observed during eyeshine counts. Both eyeshine counts and aerial surveys were highest in spring and varied seasonally. A total of 184 different non-hatchling and 157 hatchling alligators were captured between May 1986 and November 1988. Population estimates and size distributions based on capture data indicate that over the last 15 years the population has increased from approximately 110 to 200 alligators, and the size distribution has shifted from one dominated by large adults to one that has a higher proportion of juveniles. The current sex ratio (2.6:1) is not significantly different from that reported by Murphy (1977, 3.2:1). However, the average number of nests/yr has increased from 2.3 to 4.0. Data on juvenile growth and survival show that the growth rate of hatchlings (32.9 cm/yr total length) is greater than that of animals age 1-3 (21.6 cm/yr total length) and survival of all ages is variable between years and between clutches. Results from this study indicate that from 1972-988 the population has increased ac an average exponential rate of 6 % per year. If conditions in Par Pond do not change, the population size should continue to increase.