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Two reasons precipitated the move of the Schumanns to Dresden: Robert Schumann’s health and the reconciliation with Clara Schumann’s father. Yet Dresden quickly turned into disappointment: Robert’s mental condition worsened, relations with her father deteriorated. Burdened with familial responsibilities and no time for concert tours, Clara found expression in her most ambitious and melancholic composition, creating one of the most individualistic and innovative chamber works of her generation. Central to this narratological reading is the composer’s use of the Clara theme (diatonically descending fifth) and its many derivatives throughout the work. Substantial revisions found in the autograph (RSH 12897-A1) present obvious clues about overarching thematic and harmonic strategies and early reviews emphasizing the composer’s individualistic voice offer further hermeneutic insights. To express her disappointing Dresden experience defiantly, Clara explored the possibilities of thematic integration among all four movements as well as a super-imposed sonata form design across the whole work.

Clara Schumann’s impact on the history of piano playing and the development of 19th century concert life can hardly be denied. But understanding her pianistic career in terms of the work of a modern soloist covers the fact that she actually spent a large amount of time on stage not alone but performing together with colleagues. Taking a closer look at Clara Schumann’s collaboration with the baritone Julius Stockhausen, this article provides special insight into this field of her professional life: In addition to uncovering the contexts of collective concert programming and its reception it sheds light on the evolution of the Lied accompanist’s artistic identity in general and Clara Schumann’s specific ideal of communicating through musical performance.

The Archives of Women in Music based in Frankfurt a. M. (Germany) was founded in 1979. Its goals are increasing the visibility of women in music, achieving programming parity and making the wealth of creative work by women in music available for performance and research. The Archives assure long-term safe storage of both analogue and digital archive and library content. During the last three years it focused on two collection digitization projects and an oral history project.