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The purpose of the study was to analyze preservice science teachers at elementary science teaching and secondary science teaching with respect to their self efficacy beliefs, epistemological beliefs, and attitudes towards science teaching. Preservice elementary science teachers and preservice secondary science teachers who enrolled in Middle East Technical University in Ankara were the sample of this study. Participants of this study were third grade of preservice elementary science teachers and preservice secondary science teachers. The instruments which are, efficacy beliefs, epistemological beliefs, and attitudes towards science, were utilized this study. v The analysis indicated that moderately positive self efficacy beliefs, epistemological beliefs and attitudes towards science teaching were expressed by most of the preservice elementary and secondary science teachers regarding science teaching. Moreover, preservice elementary and secondary science teachers believe that effective teaching can influence their teaching abilities and students&#039 / learning. Furthermore, many preservice elementary and secondary science teachers express a positive attitude toward science teaching. The analysis indicated that there is a relationship between self efficacy beliefs and attitudes towards science teaching in preservice secondary science teachers, and there is another relationship between epistemological beliefs and attitudes towards science teaching in preservice elementary science teachers.

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Esta pesquisa realizou um estudo exploratório junto a alguns professores de ciências da Rede Municipal de Ensino de Belo Horizonte, com o intuito de prospectar os elementos constituintes do planejamento desses docentes. Sem a intenção de apresentar fórmulas de como planejar e sem julgamentos ao planejamento realizado pelo professor, o objetivo central deste estudo foi a realização de uma ausculta nas intenções e ações desse professor, analisando-se também as várias questões que perpassam o ato de planejar. Como coleta de dados, foi utilizada a entrevista semiestruturada, acompanhada de questionários estruturados, sendo que os resultados apresentam, entre outros aspectos, as intencionalidades presentes no ato de planejar. Esta pesquisa é constituída por quatro capítulos, que abordam desde os conceitos e a importância do planejamento, passando pelas tendências apresentadas pelo ensino de ciências, em decorrência do contexto histórico em que se insere a sociedade, até o trabalho dos docentes da Rede Municipal de Ensino de Belo Horizonte, cuja prática é condicionada pelas forças, pressões e condições oferecidas pelo sistema. / This search performed an exploratory study with some science teachers of municipal schools of Belo Horizonte, with the aim of exploring the elements of the planning for these teachers. Without the intention of presenting formulas for how to plan and without judgment to the planning done by the teacher, the central objective of this study was to perform an auscultation in the intentions and actions of this teacher, also analyzing the various issues that underlie the act of planning. As data collection, we used semi-structured interview, followed by structured questionnaires, and the results show, among other things, the intentions present in the act of planning. This research consists of four chapters, which range from the concepts and importance of planning, through the trends presented by science education, due to the historical context in which it appears the company until the work of teachers of municipal schools of Belo Horizonte, whose practice is conditioned by the forces, pressures and conditions offered by the system.

Esta pesquisa realizou um estudo exploratório junto a alguns professores de ciências da Rede Municipal de Ensino de Belo Horizonte, com o intuito de prospectar os elementos constituintes do planejamento desses docentes. Sem a intenção de apresentar fórmulas de como planejar e sem julgamentos ao planejamento realizado pelo professor, o objetivo central deste estudo foi a realização de uma ausculta nas intenções e ações desse professor, analisando-se também as várias questões que perpassam o ato de planejar. Como coleta de dados, foi utilizada a entrevista semiestruturada, acompanhada de questionários estruturados, sendo que os resultados apresentam, entre outros aspectos, as intencionalidades presentes no ato de planejar. Esta pesquisa é constituída por quatro capítulos, que abordam desde os conceitos e a importância do planejamento, passando pelas tendências apresentadas pelo ensino de ciências, em decorrência do contexto histórico em que se insere a sociedade, até o trabalho dos docentes da Rede Municipal de Ensino de Belo Horizonte, cuja prática é condicionada pelas forças, pressões e condições oferecidas pelo sistema. / This search performed an exploratory study with some science teachers of municipal schools of Belo Horizonte, with the aim of exploring the elements of the planning for these teachers. Without the intention of presenting formulas for how to plan and without judgment to the planning done by the teacher, the central objective of this study was to perform an auscultation in the intentions and actions of this teacher, also analyzing the various issues that underlie the act of planning. As data collection, we used semi-structured interview, followed by structured questionnaires, and the results show, among other things, the intentions present in the act of planning. This research consists of four chapters, which range from the concepts and importance of planning, through the trends presented by science education, due to the historical context in which it appears the company until the work of teachers of municipal schools of Belo Horizonte, whose practice is conditioned by the forces, pressures and conditions offered by the system.

The Science Teachers' Development and Training Centre or STDTC (Pusat Pengembangan dan Penataran Guru Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam or PPPG IPA) is an official in-service science teacher training, which is in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. Between 1978 and 1997, an in-service science-teacher training project, which is known as the PKG IPA Project, was developed by the Directorate of General Secondary Education. The successful PKG IPA project implemented its own in-service science teacher training system within its own training network across Indonesia, without the involvement of the PPPG IPA as the existing official teacher-training agent. The existence of the project was discontinued when the World Bank loan ended. Unfortunately, the expensive infrastructures developed by the PKG IPA project could no longer be utilized because the PKG IPA project was excluded from the official structure of organization of the Ministry of Education and Culture (MOEC) which is now known as Ministry of National education (MNE). In addition, the ignorance of the staff of the PPPG IPA about the PKG IPA project is one indicator why that the PPPG IPA is facing some problems, which affect the implementation of its duties and functions.Based on this indicator, this study was implemented with two objectives, namely, to investigate and analyze current problems facing the PPPG IPA, and to make recommendations for formulating appropriate policies and strategies in order to rationalize the future roles of the PPPG IPA. The study involved seven research questions, which were grouped into three concerns, namely, the quality of the environment, a needs analysis, and analysis of the Directorate's policies. The seven research questions required different instruments to collect the data. Existing instruments, SLEQ (School Level Environment Questionnaire) and SLEI (Science Laboratory Environment Inventory), ++ / were translated into Indonesian. The researcher developed other instruments. The study involved both qualitative and quantitative research methods and types of data, included various sampling strategy classifications, such as purposeful sampling and opportunistic sampling. The data collecting strategy involved surveys, observations, interviews, and mining documents.The study concluded that the PPPG IPA is facing some current problems related to the aspects of working environment, science laboratory environment, human resources, facilities, policies, and in-service training networking. The study recommended that the Ministry of National Education (MNE) formulate appropriate policies and strategies in order to rationalize the roles of the PPPG IPA in order to strengthen the implementation, and improve the quality, effectiveness, and efficiency of the in-service training programs. A new ministerial regulation also is recommended to be released to replace the previous relevant regulations in order to accommodate the above concerns.

The challenge is providing teachers with the resources they need to strengthen their instructions and better prepare students for the jobs of the 21st Century. Technology can help meet the challenge. Teachers’ Tryscience is a noncommercial offer, developed by the New York Hall of Science, TeachEngineering, the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards and IBM Citizenship to provide teachers with such resources. The workshop provides deeper insight into this tool and discussion of how to support teaching of informatics in schools.

The aim of this study was to investigate science teachers&rsquo / perceptions about the online teacher professional development (oTPD) program. The research study included two consecutive steps. The first step was related to the design of the oTPD program. With the help of related literature, examples of oTPD programs and expert opinions, an oTPD program was designed. In the second step, ten of the alumni of Bilkent University Graduate School of Education Biology Teacher Education Program participated in a ten week oTPD program. The program consisted of instructional activities such as reading case studies, self reflection, forum discussions, watching videos of a sample lesson, hands-on activity and WebQuest. The study was mainly a qualitative study. The case was a professional development program for in-service science teachers that was offered online via learning management systems (LMS). The data were collected through pre- and post- interviews, online questionnaire, observations and documentation that include weekly assignments, forum discussions, e-mail correspondence, weekly e-journals, detailed notes of phone calls and the researcher&rsquo / s journal. The data were analyzed according to qualitative data analysis techniques with the assistance of Weft QDA software. Data gathered from the participants demonstrated that they were not satisfied with professional development programs that they got before this oTPD program because of the problems about content, process and organization connected with them. They preferred oTPD program, because of its flexibility and versatility, sharing information among colleagues from different parts of the country, and self-paced learning. Some obstacles were also identified, such as technical problems, not having face-to-face sessions and the timing of the program.

The purpose of this study is to explore pre-service science teachers&rsquo / (PST) argumentation in the context of inquiry-oriented laboratory work. Specifically, this study investigated the kinds of argumentation schemes PSTs use as they perform inquiry-oriented laboratory tasks, and how argumentation schemes generated by PSTs vary by tasks as well as by experimentation and critical discussion sessions. The participants in this study were 35 pre-service elementary teachers, who will teach middle school science from 6th through 8th grade students after graduation. In this study, participants were engaged in six inquiry-oriented laboratory tasks. The performance of laboratory tasks consisted of two stages. Through the experimentation stage, PSTs planned and developed their own hypotheses, carried out an experiment and collected data, and processed their data to verify their hypotheses. Through the critical discussion stage, one of the research groups presented their hypotheses, methods, and results orally to the other research groups. Each presentation was followed by a class discussion of weak and strong aspects of the experimentation. The data of this study were collected through video- and audio-recording. The data were the transcribed from video- and audio-recordings of the PSTs&rsquo / discourse during the performance of the laboratory tasks. For the analysis of PSTs&rsquo / discourse pre-determined argumentation schemes by Walton (1996) were employed. The results illustrated that PSTs applied varied premises rather than only observations or reliable sources, to ground their claims or to argue for a case or an action. The interpretation of the frequency data and the kind of the most frequent argumentation schemes can be seen as a positive indication that the inquiry-oriented laboratory tasks that were employed in this study are effective toward promoting presumptive reasoning discourse. Another result of this study, which is worthy of notice is the construction and evaluation of scientific knowledge claims that resulted in different number and kinds of arguments. Results of this study suggest the following implications for improving science education. First, designing inquiry-oriented laboratory environments, which are enriched with critical discussion, provides discourse opportunities that can support argumentation. Second, both the number of arguments and the use of various scientific argumentation schemes can be enhanced by specific task structures. Third, &ldquo / argumentation schemes for presumptive reasoning&rdquo / is a promising analysis framework to reveal the argumentation patterns in scientific settings. Last, pre-service teachers can be encouraged to support and promote argumentation in their future science classrooms if they engage in argumentation integrated instructional strategies.