Hur hanterar samhällskunskapslärare kontroversiella politiska frågor i undervisningen och vilka svårigheter finns det med det? Vilken roll intar läraren i klassrummet och vad har det för betydelse i fostransuppdraget enligt lärarna? Denna studie undersöker vad sex samhällskunskapslärare verksamma i Helsingborgs kommun har för förhållningssätt till kontroversiella frågor inom politik. Metoden i arbetet utgår från en kvalitativ studie där dels observationer och dels intervjuer har nyttjats med avseende att undersöka problemområdet. Flera olika komponenter har använts för att analysera resultatet av vår insamlade empiri. Slutsatsen är att lärare hanterar kontroversiella politiska frågor i undervisningssituationer på skilda sätt. Svårigheter ligger främst i att låta alla elever få uttrycka sig utan att gå utanför värdegrunden eller att kontroversiella frågor behandlas på ett sätt som någon elev upplever som kränkande. Studien visar även exempel på vilka olika roller och förhållningssätt som finns och vad de har för betydelse när en tar sig an kontroversiella frågor. Det som framgår i denna studie är att det inte finns någon konsensus i hur läraren ska vara. Avslutningsvis tyder studien på att kontroversiella politiska frågor inte bör undvikas, även om det är något som ofta anses vara komplext att ta upp i undervisningssammanhang. Detta eftersom det är en bidragande faktor till att eleverna utvecklas till förstående och goda samhällsmedborgare. / How do social science teachers handle controversial political issues in their teaching and how are those difficulties affecting their ways of teaching? What kind of role does the teacher adapt into while entering the classroom and what does teachers in general think of the fostering assignment that has been given to them? This study investigates what approach six social science teachers in the municipality of Helsingborg think of controversial policy issues in the classroom. The method of this study is based on a qualitative study where observations and interviews are the main sources to the following investigation in the problematic area. Several different components have been used to analyse the results of our collected empirical data. The conclusion is that teachers handle controversial political issues in their teaching situations in different ways. Difficulties mainly arises within situations where student are encouraged to unreservedly express themselves without violating anyone or when controversial issues are dealt in ways that students experiences as offensive. The survey contains examples of different roles and approaches and the effects after dealing with controversial issues. A conclusion of the survey is that there is no consensus on how the teacher should act. In assumption, the survey suggests, despite the fact that controversial political issues are often considered as a complex area in educational contexts, they are not to be avoided. This is because it is a contributing factor in the students developing process of becoming understanding and good citizens in our society.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-02-28Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:02:08Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 genovez_lgr_dr_bauru.pdf: 1820452 bytes, checksum: 7d9712eee9686e4feb1f6d34ac8dbe3a (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Procurou-se por meio de um estudo de caso etnográfico caracterizar e analisar o habitus e a trajetória profissional da professora de ciências M, construídos e estabelecidos nas lutas travadas com seus pares durante o desenvolvimento de suas atividades pedagógicas, numa Escola Pública Estadual do interior paulista, o campo da escola, que, por sua vez, sofre influência das relações de poder do conjunto de todas as escolas do Estado de São Paulo, denominado de campo escolar. Desta forma, pôde-se, com o balizamento oferecido pelo construto teórico de Pierre Bourdieu, identificar o “capital docente” nas suas duas espécies: o capital cultural escolar, existente sob três formas, a saber, o incorporado, o institucionalizado e o objetivado, e, o capital social como sendo as propriedades distintivas utilizadas pelos professores para conhecer e reconhecer as estratégias heréticas dessa professora de ciências. / By means of an ethnographic case study we aimed at analyze and characterize the habitus and professional trajectory of a female science teacher, named here as M. Trajectory that was built and established in the battles she faced against her colleagues, inside the school field to which the State Public School where she works, in the interior of the State of São Paulo, in Brazil, is linked. Based on a theoretical framework built from Pierre Bourdieu’s works, it was possible to identify the “teacher’s capital” in its two forms: school culture capital and social capital. But, the cultural capital, related to school culture, can be characterized in three different ways: the incorporated, the institutionalized and the objectified form. In conclusion, cultural school and social capital showed themselves as distinctive properties used by teachers in order to know and recognize the “heretical strategies” such those presented by the teacher M.

A formação contínua de professores de ciências permanece sendo alvo de debates e controvérsias, considerando o papel fundamental do professor em relação à qualidade do ensino e às reformas. A partir de 1996, com a última Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional, surgiu oficialmente a possibilidade das universidades públicas oferecem formação contínua a distância, ampliando seus papéis em relação à Educação e ao Ensino de Ciências. A presente pesquisa pretende fornecer elementos concretos para que essas instituições possam, por um lado, assumir esta formação a partir de experiências similares, em cursos gratuitos, construídos de forma simples, por outro, compreender sobre o perfil dos professores de ciências atraídos para essa formação; o que os atrai; o que contribui para manter seus interesses ao longo do curso, quais estratégias eles utilizam para lidar com as exigências do curso e quais as dificuldades enfrentadas. Foram coletados dados, utilizando entrevistas e questionários, junto a 75 participantes que realizaram o curso de formação contínua a distância Educação Nutricional: os rótulos dos alimentos nas aulas de Ciências do Ensino Fundamental acontecido em 2007 e 2008. Os resultados analisados, qualitativamente e quantitativamente, mostraram que o curso atraiu professores de ciências de ambos os sexos, diferentes idades, formações, tempos de magistério e experiências em Educação a Distância (EAD). No entanto, ressalta-se a questão do curso ter atraído professores advindos de escolas públicas e, sobretudo, aqueles com sentimentos negativos em relação à docência e à formação a distância. Os dados mostraram também que esses profissionais foram atraídos por motivos pessoais, profissionais e de conveniência. Apesar de certo equilíbrio entre esses motivos, os profissionais apresentaram certo destaque. Dentre esses motivos se destacaram o tema, a relevância dos conteúdos para a vida profissional e pessoal e a flexibilidade de horários. Em relação à manutenção dos interesses dos cursistas ao longo da formação salienta-se o tema, a qualidade das aulas e, principalmente, a criação dos laços afetivos e a sintonia de interesses entre eles e o professor coordenador. Quanto aos problemas enfrentados destaca-se que cursistas mais velhos e com experiência na EAD tiveram menores dificuldades em relação aos conteúdos, na organização do tempo de estudos e na manutenção da autodisciplina. A partir desses dados, as universidades têm elementos concretos para construir novos espaços de formação contínua a distância, contribuindo para a formação dos professores e com a qualidade do Ensino de Ciências. / Science teacher continuing education remains the subject of debate and controversy, considering the teachers pivotal role in the quality of teaching and science curricular reforms. Since 1996 and the latest Law of Guidelines and Basis of Brazilian Education, there officially emerged the possibility of public universities offering distance education (DE), expanding their roles in relation to science teacher education. This research aims: 1) to provide concrete evidence for such institutions to take over the role in offering distance continuing education from past similar initiatives, in courses for free, and in courses built without many resources; 2) to understand the profile of science teachers that are attracted to this type of continuing education, the reasons that attracted them, the factors that contribute to maintain their interest throughout the course, the strategies they use to cope with the demands of the course, and the difficulties they faced. We collected data using interviews and questionnaires from 75 participants who participated in the course (2007 - 2008): \"Nutrition Education: Food labels in science classes in elementary school. Results analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively showed that the course attracted science teachers from both genders, different ages, different pre-service teacher education, and past experiences with DE. However, it was interesting to note the course attracted teachers that worked in public schools and especially those with negative feelings in relation to science teaching and DE. The data also showed that these science teachers were attracted to distance continuing education due to personal, professional, and convenience (suitability) reasons. Despite a certain balance among these set of reasons (personal, professional, and convenience), the science teachers were more influenced by professionals ones. Some of the specific reasons identified by the teachers for undertaking distance continuing education included the topic and content relevancy for professional and personal life, and flexible scheduling of the course. In relation to maintaining teachers interests throughout the course factors such as the classes quality, the creation of emotional bonds and sintony of interests between participants and the teacher coordinator were critical. Regarding the problems faced throughout the course, we draw attention to the fact that the older science teachers with experience in DE ended up having less difficulties in relation to content, time organization, and in maintaining their responsibilities with the course activities. From these data, we believe that the universities can develop and implement successful distance continuing education, which will contribute to professional science teacher education and improve the quality of science teaching in Brazilian public schools.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-05-28Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:52:35Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 carnio_mp_me_bauru.pdf: 857878 bytes, checksum: f95ffbd1da1c9c59a37fee25ebe595ec (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A perspectiva CTSA (Ciência-Tecnologia-Sociedade-Ambiente) é recente as grades horárias de cursos de formação de professores de ciências no Brasil e propõe maior articulação do conhecimento científico com questões subjetivas que constituem a ciência, e, a partir deste raciocínio informal, possibilita o desenvolvimento de situações ensino que priorizam a discussão da natureza da ciência e suas implicações nas questões sociais e ambientais. Temáticas que possibiltam essas discussões no ensino são denominadas Questões Sociocientíficas (QSC). Neste trabalho, nos fundamentamos em pensdores críticos como Theodor Adorno, Paulo Freire e Henry Giroux na busca por uma melhor compreensão de como licenciandos de Biologia de uma universidade pública do Brasil lidam com a perspectiva CTSA e desenvolvem práticas de estágio segundo as QSC, procurando analisar como atribuem signficados e lidam com os momentos de estágio nos quais devem fazer a ponte entre os (distanciandos) conhecimentos científicos e os pedagógicos. Por meio da análise de conteúdo de Bardin, analisamos relatórios, falas e entrevistas de Gruco Focal de três grupos de licenciandos. Deixamos como apontamentos finais as grandes limitações impostas ao tratamento das QSC na formação de professores, entre elas o tempo escasso, dificuldade de constituir uma QSC e imprevistos no ambiente escolar; ao mesmo tempo, procuramos apontar seu potencial para o desenvolvimento de características de autonomia e emancipação dos futuros professores no que se refere a um posicionamento de transformação social no processo educacional e uma visão mais crítica da ciência e tecnologia. Como críticas ao atual modelo de formação, identificamos que aspectos motivacionais, perspectivas tradicionais de ensino e questões curriculares... / The perspective STSE (Science-Technology-Society-Environment) was recently implemented in the training courses for science teachers in Brazil, and proposes greater coordination of scientific knowledge with subjective questions that constitute the science, and from this informal reasoning enables the development of teaching situations that emphasize discussion of the nature of science and its implications for social and environmental issues. Themes taht allow these discussions are referred in teaching socio-scientific issues (SSI). In this work, we have considered in critical thinkers such as Theodor Adorno, Paulo Freire and Henry Giroux in the search for a better understanding of how biology undergraduates at a public university in Brazil dealing with the perspective STSE practices and develop the second stage SSL, analyzing and how they assign meanings deal with the moments of the stage which should bridge the gap between (distant) scientific knowledge and teaching. Through content analysis of Bardin, analyze reports, speeches and focus group interviews of three groups of undergraduates. We left as notes final major limitations to the treatment of SSI in teacher education, including the limited time, be a difficult and unforessen SSI at school and at the same time, we point out its potential for the development of characteristics of autonomy and emancipation of future teachers in relation to a position of social transformation in the educational process and a more critical view of science and technology. As criticism of the current trainning model, which identified the motivational aspects, traditional perspectives of teaching and curriculum issues shown to influence characteristics of semi-erudiction possible in these future teachers, it is necessary to rethink bodies to enable the elucidation of the subject before the bonds... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Orientador: Jorge Megid Neto / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T10:54:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rocha_MainaBertagna_D.pdf: 4429161 bytes, checksum: ccb71cc7bf567cb923062d761ad0187e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Muitas pesquisas apontam as dificuldades de professores para ensinar Ciências nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental, devido à falta de domínio dos conteúdos específicos e dos fundamentos teóricos, metodológicos e práticos relativos a essa disciplina. Nos cursos de Pedagogia do país, em geral, cerca de 2% da carga horária total tem sido dedicada à formação específica para o Ensino de Ciências. Diante desse cenário, esta pesquisa trata das seguintes questões: quais as fontes de aquisição dos conhecimentos sobre Ciências e seu Ensino requeridas por professores dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental, como esses conhecimentos constituem sua prática pedagógica e quais as influências para essas práticas da formação para o Ensino de Ciências recebida no curso de Pedagogia? O trabalho analisa a trajetória de formação de três professores dos anos iniciais e a formação específica que receberam nos respectivos cursos de Pedagogia. Foram selecionadas três Instituições de Ensino Superior do estado de São Paulo, um docente formador da área de Ensino de Ciências no curso de Pedagogia de cada instituição e um professor egresso de cada curso. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, observação de algumas aulas nos anos iniciais e análise de documentos curriculares e didáticos das disciplinas desenvolvidas pelos três professores e pelos três formadores. Foram também estudados programas de formação de professores primários da Universidade de Koblenz (Alemanha), da Universidade de Barcelona (Espanha) e da Universidade de Aveiro (Portugal). Foi realizada análise de conteúdo e multicruzamento de dados, com base em categorias estabelecidas a partir de Tardif e Shulman. Discutem-se os resultados a partir da literatura sobre a legislação brasileira de formação de professores e da literatura sobre Ensino de Ciências no âmbito da Didática/Metodologia do Ensino, dos modelos de ensino e da formação de professores. Os resultados mostraram que: a) os professores apreenderam/construíram conhecimentos sobre Ciências e seu ensino principalmente na sua prática docente cotidiana; b) os manuais didáticos foram as principais fontes de aquisição desses conhecimentos, seguidos da internet e das revistas de divulgação científica e escolar; c) os professores apreenderam conhecimentos sobre Ciências e seu Ensino no curso de Pedagogia mais relacionados aos fundamentos teórico-metodológicos do Ensino de Ciências; d) dois formadores desenvolveram suas disciplinas na Pedagogia numa perspectiva construtivista de Ensino de Ciências e com base no modelo da racionalidade prática de formação de professores, enquanto o terceiro formador atuou segundo o modelo tradicional de ensino e o modelo da racionalidade técnica de formação de professores; e) os três professores dos anos iniciais manifestaram concepções e práticas centradas no modelo tradicional, com alguns traços do modelo da redescoberta para dois deles. Diante dos resultados, a pesquisa discute a necessidade da formação em conteúdos específicos integrados aos pedagógicos na formação do professor de Ciências dos anos iniciais e de ampliação da carga horária das disciplinas relacionadas a Ciências e seu Ensino, bem como a necessidade de se criar cursos complementares de especialização ou mestrado profissional para os egressos da Pedagogia e revalorizar o curso Normal de nível médio. / Abstract: Many studies point to teacher difficulties in teaching science at primary school due to a lack of content mastery and theoretical, methodological and practical basis. Overall, in Brazilian Pedagogy undergraduate courses, about 2% of the total course load is devoted to specific training for science teaching. Given this situation, the present study addresses the following questions: which are the sources of acquisition of knowledge on science and science teaching primary school teachers use; how does this knowledge entails their pedagogical practice; how does the teacher education for science teaching performed during the Pedagogy course affects the teacher pedagogical practice? In this study, we have analyzed the education pathways of three primary school teachers, as well as the specific science teaching training they received during the respective Pedagogy undergraduate course. The investigation surveyed the Pedagogy course professor in charge of the Science Teaching course and one former student/presently primary school teacher from three institutions of higher education in the state of São Paulo. The data was obtained by Semi-Structured interviews, classroom observation, and analysis of curriculum and didactical documents from the Pedagogy professors and corresponding primary school teachers. The study also comprised an analysis of the teacher training courses from Koblenz University (Germany), Barcelona University (Spain) and Aveiro University (Portugal). The Brazilian data was analyzed by content analysis and data multi crossing, based on categories that were established from Tardif and Shulman works. We discuss the results considering the literature on Brazilian legislation on teacher education, the literature on science teaching in the context of Teaching Didactics/Methodology, as well as teaching and teacher education models. The results show that: a) teachers learned/built knowledge on science and science teaching mainly during everyday teaching practice; b) the didactic manuals were the major learning sources for science and science teaching knowledge, followed by internet websites and science and education magazines; c) teachers learned science and science teaching knowledge that was related to the theoretical-methodological foundations of Science Teaching during the Pedagogy course; d) two Pedagogy professors have implemented their courses under a constructivist perspective on science teaching and were based on the practical rationality model of teacher education, while the third professor used the traditional teaching model and the technical teacher education model; e) all three primary school teachers have expressed views and practices founded on the traditional model, with two teachers also showing features of the rediscovery model. Given these results, the present study discusses the need for teacher education on specific science contents integrated to pedagogical knowledge in teacher training for primary school science teaching, as well as the need for an increase of the course load dedicated for science and science teaching. Also, we discuss the need for new complementary courses, either for specialization or professional master degree, aimed at former Pedagogy students, and the need for re-appreciating the high school level (Normal) teacher training. / Doutorado / Ensino e Práticas Culturais / Doutora em Educação

I den här uppsatsen utforskar jag samhällskunskapslärares upplevelser av misslyckanden i sin yrkesutövning. Jag identifierar en slags kunskapslucka rörande misslyckanden där jag ser ett behov av att diskutera känsliga upplevelser. Jag vill dessutom undersöka om det finns specifika aspekter kring misslyckanden som berör just samhällskunskap. Det övergripande syftet är att synliggöra och beskriva samhällskunskapslärares upplevelser av misslyckanden i sin yrkesutövning. Jag intervjuar fem samhällskunskapslärare som undervisar på gymnasiet utifrån en kvalitativ forskningsansats. Jag använder mig av ostrukturerade djupintervjuer och analyserar empirin på basis av ett relationellt pedagogiskt ramverk och teori om sårbarhet. Resultaten indikerar att lärare upplever sig misslyckade i samband med relationer till elever, klassrumssituationer som man inte upplever sig kunna hantera samt klassdiskussioner som går emot skolans värdegrund. Förklaringarna som samhällskunskapslärarna ger sträcker sig mellan individuella och strukturella anledningar till sina upplevda misslyckanden. Empirin diskuteras utifrån det teoretiska ramverket och placeras i en brokig forskningsposition som tangerar samhällskunskapsdidaktik, professionsforskning och studier om misslyckanden, sårbarhet och otillräcklighet. / In this paper the overall aim is to explore social science teachers’ experiences of failure within their exercise of profession. I identify a gap of knowledge regarding failures where I see a need for a discussion about sensitive experiences. I also want to explore if there are any specific aspects regarding social science. I interview five upper secondary social science teachers within a qualitative scientific approach. I conduct unstructured in-depth interviews and analyze the data on the basis of a relational pedagogical theoretical framework and theory about vulnerability. The results indicate that teachers experience failure with regards to relationships with students, classroom situations they experience they cannot handle and classroom discussions who oppose the value-system of the school. The explanations the teachers give stems from both individual and structural reasons with regards to their perceived failures. The data is discussed through the theoretical framework and is placed within a motley research position which touches upon social science didactics, professional research as well as studies about failures, vulnerability and inadequacy.

Thesis advisor: Marilyn Cochran-Smith / This dissertation focuses on how the MAT program in Earth Science at the American Museum of Natural History (AMNH MAT), a one-of-a-kind, museum-based urban teacher residency, conceptualized and enacted the project of learning to teach science for urban school contexts. The AMNH MAT is situated within the two nested contexts. The first context is its emergence as one of a number of new, state-approved graduate schools of education that offer teacher preparation, endorse teachers for certification, and grant master’s degrees but are not part of or connected to universities. The larger study of which this case study is part termed this phenomenon “new graduate schools of education,” or nGSEs. The second context is the program’s mission of preparing teachers for urban schools, a goal that is shared by other teacher preparation programs within the domain of nGSEs. This descriptive, interpretive case study analysis poses two major questions: How and to what extent does the American Museum of Natural History infuse its long-standing beliefs about science learning and public service into a teacher preparation program? How and to what extent does the museum conceptualize and enact science teacher preparation for the specific context of urban high needs public secondary schools? Analysis of multiple data sources revealed that theAMNH’s mission of disseminating science knowledge in service of a more science-literate public was instantiated in a teacher preparation program that centralized and continually reinforced a vision of preparing science teachers but had a less central and more limited approach to preparing urban teachers. This case study analysis of an innovative teacher preparation program in one of our nation’s largest cities has important implications for urban science teacher education research and practice. First, the AMNH MAT’s model of science teacher preparation offered two key features that are useful for the field. The first feature was its coherence around the developmentof a science teacher identity that included deep science content knowledge and a commitment to bringing informal science teaching and learning practices into schools. The second model feature was the MAT program’s required four-residency structure, which essentially reinvented the “field” in teacher preparation fieldwork. At the same time, the project of learning to teach at the AMNH MAT, like that of many other urban teacher preparation programs, revealed the difficulties and dilemmas involved in preparing teachers for urban contexts, particularly the responsibility of developing a new generation of antiracist educators. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2022. / Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education. / Discipline: Teacher Education, Special Education, Curriculum and Instruction.

This study focused on science teaching that promoted the interest of African American teenage girls in the science classroom of an exemplary African American science teacher. It focused on, observed and examined the planning, teaching and learning strategies used by the science teacher. It also described what the science teacher experienced during her high school years, during college, during her teaching career. The case study approach/method was used for this research to capture the description and examination of the practices of the science teacher. This research described how an African American female science teacher serves as a role model and influence a number of African Americans students, especially girls, who experience careers in science. During the interviews and observations the researcher used a system of record keeping for the study to include note taking, audio taping and pictures. It is evident in the findings that the teacher in this study had qualities of an exemplary teacher according to the research. It is further evident that the teacher served as a role model for her students. The results indicated that the exemplary African America science teacher was motivated by her former African American science teacher that served as a role model. The results in this study implied that the lack of the presence of more exemplary African American science teachers has an impact on the level of interest that African American students have in science. Further, it is implied that there is a great need for more practical research that may lead to closing the gap of missing African American science teachers.

The EEdnaS study “Development and testing of digitally enriched science-related subject matter teaching in digital teaching-learning labs and university classrooms” aims to promote the professional competencies of prospective teachers that are needed for teaching science content in a world shaped by digitalization. To achieve this goal, university teaching units (seminars) that directly address cognitive components of a teacher’s professional competencies, which are important to teaching science content in primary school education, were developed. In addition, prospective teachers were asked to plan, implement, and evaluate primary school science education with a particular focus on digitization, as well as sharing the developed units as open-educational resources. This article reports on the impact of the first part of the seminar concept, in which the promotion of digitization-related, subject-specific teaching methodology, as well as content-related knowledge (TPaCK) was systematically promoted. In a standardized survey, it could be shown that the prospective teachers demonstrated positive developments, particularly in the components PCK, TCK, TPK, as well as TPaCK, regarding the self-efficacy in cognitive characteristics about one’s own ability within the reference frame of self. Furthermore, the development of knowledge, especially in the areas of TK, PCK, TCK, and TPK, could also be determined, but not in relation to TPaCK itself.

No description available.