O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a resposta tecidual em 48 pré- molares (96 raízes) de cães, após obturação dos canais radiculares com diferentes materiais. Os dentes foram submetidos à biopulpectomia, ao preparo biomecânico e divididos em oito grupos, onde os canais radiculares foram obturados com os seguintes materiais: Grupos I e V pasta Calen® espessada com óxido de zinco; Grupos II e VI cimento EndoREZ; Grupos III e VII cimento Sealapex®, e Grupos IV e VIII cimento de óxido de zinco e eugenol. Decorridos os períodos de 30 e 90 dias, os animais foram mortos, as peças removidas e submetidas ao processamento histológico. A avaliação histopatológica foi baseada nos seguintes parâmetros: intensidade do infiltrado inflamatório, espessura do ligamento periodontal, reabsorção do tecido ósseo, limte de obturação e presença ou ausência de selamento apical. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise estatística pelo teste não paramétrico de Kruskal-Wallis, com nível de significância de 5%. Com base nos resultados obtidos e considerando as condições específicas deste trabalho, pôde-se concluir que a pasta Calen® espessada com óxido de zinco foi o material que apresentou a melhor resposta tecidual, seguida pelos cimentos Sealapex® e óxido de zinco e eugenol. O cimento EndoREZ apresentou resposta tecidual desfavorável . / The objective of the present work was evaluate the tissue response in 48 premolars( 96 roots), of dogs teeth, after pulpectomy, with different roots canals filling materials. The teeth were submitted to the biomechanical preparation and divided in eigth groups, where the canals were filled with following materials: Groups I and V - Calen® paste thickened with zinc oxide; Groups II and VI - EndoREZ sealer; Groups III and VII - Sealapex® sealer; and Groups IV and VIII Zinc oxide and eugenol cement. After periods of 30 and 90 days, the animals were killed, the pieces reduced and submitted to the histological processing. The histopathological evaluation was based on the following parameters: intensity of the inflammatory infiltrate, thickness of the periodontal ligament, bone resorption,filling limit and presence or absence of sealed apical. The results were submitted to the statistical analysis by the non parametric test of Kruskal-Wallis, with significance level was 5%. Based on the results obtained in histopathological analysis and methodologies employed in the present work, it may be conclued that: Calen® paste thickened with zinc oxide was the material that showed the better tissue response, following by Sealapex® sealer and zinc oxide and eugenol cement. EndoREZ sealer showed tissue response unfavorable.

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a resposta tecidual em 48 pré- molares (96 raízes) de cães, após obturação dos canais radiculares com diferentes materiais. Os dentes foram submetidos à biopulpectomia, ao preparo biomecânico e divididos em oito grupos, onde os canais radiculares foram obturados com os seguintes materiais: Grupos I e V pasta Calen® espessada com óxido de zinco; Grupos II e VI cimento EndoREZ; Grupos III e VII cimento Sealapex®, e Grupos IV e VIII cimento de óxido de zinco e eugenol. Decorridos os períodos de 30 e 90 dias, os animais foram mortos, as peças removidas e submetidas ao processamento histológico. A avaliação histopatológica foi baseada nos seguintes parâmetros: intensidade do infiltrado inflamatório, espessura do ligamento periodontal, reabsorção do tecido ósseo, limte de obturação e presença ou ausência de selamento apical. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise estatística pelo teste não paramétrico de Kruskal-Wallis, com nível de significância de 5%. Com base nos resultados obtidos e considerando as condições específicas deste trabalho, pôde-se concluir que a pasta Calen® espessada com óxido de zinco foi o material que apresentou a melhor resposta tecidual, seguida pelos cimentos Sealapex® e óxido de zinco e eugenol. O cimento EndoREZ apresentou resposta tecidual desfavorável . / The objective of the present work was evaluate the tissue response in 48 premolars( 96 roots), of dogs teeth, after pulpectomy, with different roots canals filling materials. The teeth were submitted to the biomechanical preparation and divided in eigth groups, where the canals were filled with following materials: Groups I and V - Calen® paste thickened with zinc oxide; Groups II and VI - EndoREZ sealer; Groups III and VII - Sealapex® sealer; and Groups IV and VIII Zinc oxide and eugenol cement. After periods of 30 and 90 days, the animals were killed, the pieces reduced and submitted to the histological processing. The histopathological evaluation was based on the following parameters: intensity of the inflammatory infiltrate, thickness of the periodontal ligament, bone resorption,filling limit and presence or absence of sealed apical. The results were submitted to the statistical analysis by the non parametric test of Kruskal-Wallis, with significance level was 5%. Based on the results obtained in histopathological analysis and methodologies employed in the present work, it may be conclued that: Calen® paste thickened with zinc oxide was the material that showed the better tissue response, following by Sealapex® sealer and zinc oxide and eugenol cement. EndoREZ sealer showed tissue response unfavorable.

Magister Chirurgiae Dentium (MChD) / The goal of root canal treatment is to eradicate microorganisms in the root canal system of the tooth. However; it has been found that no method of tooth preparation is efficient in eliminating all microorganisms present in root canals. Therefore, obturation materials with anti-microbial properties are advantageous, so that any residual microorganisms in the root system of the tooth can be eliminated. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess the antimicrobial effect of 3 endodontic sealers: Sealapex™, EndoREZ™ and Guttaflow bioseal™ against Enterococcus faecalis. The Direct Contact test was used to assess the antibacterial effect of the 3 sealers against E. Faecalis. Sample size was n=50 per sealer. The survival of bacteria was assessed by culturing aliquots of 100 μL onto Tryptic Soy Agar plates after 10-fold serial dilutions. After incubation for 24 hours at 37⁰C, colonies on the plates were counted, and the CFU/mL was calculated. The experiments were performed in triplicates. Testing after setting enabled the assessment of the antimicrobial activity of aged sealers after 7 days, 14 days, 21 days and 28 days. All 3 sealers displayed evidence of antibacterial activity against E. Faecalis with various degrees of antibacterial activity at day 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28. Antibacterial activity was displayed by all 3 sealers against E. Faecalis which will have an effect on entombed bacteria.

Avaliou-se a atividade antibacteriana e a compatibilidade tecidual dos seguintes materiais obturadores de canais radiculares de dentes decíduos: cimento de óxido de zinco e eugenol, pasta Calen® espessada com óxido de zinco, cimento Sealapex® e cimento EndoREZTM. A atividade antibacteriana foi avaliada in vitro, por meio do teste de difusão em ágar, frente a 5 microrganismos indicadores (Kocuria rizophila, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans, Escherichia coli e Staphylococcus aureus), sendo os resultados submetidos à análise de variância (ANOVA) e ao pósteste de Tukey. A compatibilidade tecidual foi avaliada in vivo, por implantação subcutânea, em camundongos isogênicos BALB/c, de tubos de polietileno contendo os materiais obturadores. Foram efetuadas análises descritiva e semi-quantitativa do fibrosamento e do infiltrado inflamatório e quantitativa da área e maior espessura do tecido reacional granulomatoso. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise estatística por meio dos testes de Kruskal-Wallis, análise de variância (ANOVA) e pós-teste de Tukey. Para todos os testes o nível de significância foi de 5%. Com relação à atividade antibacteriana, evidenciaram-se diferenças estatisticamente significantes (p<0,0001) entre os halos de inibição ocasionados pelos diferentes materiais, para todos os microrganismos avaliados. A Kocuria rizophila foi inibida mais eficazmente pelo cimento de óxido de zinco e eugenol (p<0,05), enquanto que o Enterococcus faecalis foi inibido mais eficazmente pela pasta Calen® espessada com óxido de zinco (p<0,05). O Streptococcus mutans foi inibido pela pasta Calen® espessada com óxido de zinco, cimento Sealapex® e cimento de óxido de zinco e eugenol na mesma intensidade (p>0,05). A Escherichia coli foi inibida mais eficazmente pelo cimento de óxido de zinco e eugenol, seguido pela pasta Calen® espessada com óxido de zinco e pelo cimento Sealapex® (p<0,05). O Staphylococcus aureus foi inibido pela pasta Calen® espessada com óxido de zinco e pelo cimento de óxido de zinco e eugenol na mesma intensidade (p>0,05), e menos intensamente pelo cimento Sealapex® (p<0,05). O cimento EndoREZTM apresentou atividade antibacteriana apenas frente a Kocuria rizophila e ao Staphylococcus aureus. Com relação à compatibilidade tecidual, não observou-se diferença entre os materiais, com relação ao fibrosamento e à maior espessura do tecido reacional granulomatoso (p>0,05). A pasta Calen® espessada com óxido de zinco foi o material que apresentou infiltrado inflamatório de menor intensidade (p<0,05). A área do tecido reacional granulomatoso foi menor para a pasta Calen® espessada com óxido de zinco e para o cimento Sealapex® (p>0,05) em comparação aos cimentos EndoREZTM e óxido de zinco e eugenol (p<0,05). Com base nos resultados obtidos nas metodologias empregadas pôde-se concluir que: 1- A atividade antibacteriana, in vitro, em ordem decrescente foi: cimento de óxido de zinco e eugenol, pasta Calen® espessada com óxido de zinco, cimento Sealapex® e cimento EndoREZTM; 2- A pasta Calen® espessada com óxido de zinco foi o material que apresentou a melhor compatibilidade tecidual, seguido pelos cimentos Sealapex® e de óxido de zinco e eugenol. O cimento EndoREZTM apresentou resposta tecidual insatisfatória. / This study evaluated the antibacterial activity and tissue compatibility of the following root canal filling materials for primary teeth: zinc oxide and eugenol cement, Calen® paste thickened with zinc oxide, Sealapex® sealer and EndoREZTM sealer. The antibacterial activity of these materials against 5 indicator microorganisms (Kocuria rizophila, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) was evaluated in vitro using the agar diffusion test. The results were analyzed statistically by the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukeys post-hoc test. Tissue compatibility was evaluated in vivo by the implantation of polyethylene tubes containing the root canal filling materials in the subcutaneous tissue of isogenic BALB/c mice. Descriptive and semi-quantitative analyses of the rate of fibrosis and the inflammatory infiltrate were performed, as well as a quantitative analysis of the area and the greater thickness of the granulomatous reactionary tissue. The results were analyzed statistically by the Kruskal-Wallis test, ANOVA and Tukeys post-hoc test. For all tests, the significance level was set at 5%. Regarding the antibacterial activity, there were statistically significant differences (p<0.0001) among the zones of inhibition of microbial growth produced by the different materials for all target microorganisms. Kocuria rizophila was inhibited more effectively by the zinc oxide and eugenol cement (p<0.05), while Enterococcus faecalis was inhibited more effectively by the Calen® paste thickened with zinc oxide (p<0.05). Streptococcus mutans was inhibited by the Calen® paste thickened with zinc oxide, Sealapex® sealer and zinc oxide and eugenol cement in the same intensity (p>0.05). Escherichia coli was inhibited more effectively by the zinc oxide and eugenol cement, followed by the Calen® paste thickened with zinc oxide and Sealapex® sealer (p<0.05). Staphylococcus aureus was inhibited by the Calen® paste thickened with zinc oxide and by the zinc oxide and eugenol cement in the same intensity (p>0.05), and was less effectively inhibited by Sealapex® sealer (p<0.05). EndoREZTM sealer presented antibacterial activity only against Kocuria rizophila and Staphylococcus aureus. Regarding tissue compatibility, there was no statistically significant difference among the materials with respect to the rate of fibrosis or the greater thickness of the granulomatous reactionary tissue (p>0.05). The Calen® paste thickened with zinc oxide produced the inflammatory infiltrate with lowest intensity of all materials (p<0.05). The area of the granulomatous reactionary tissue was smaller for the Calen® paste thickened with zinc oxide and Sealapex® sealer (p>0.05) compared to EndoREZTM sealer and the zinc oxide and eugenol cement (p<0.05). Based on the results obtained with the methodologies employed in the present study, it may be concluded that: 1- The in vitro antibacterial activity in a decreasing order was: zinc oxide and eugenol cement, Calen® paste thickened with zinc oxide, Sealapex® sealer and EndoREZTM sealer; 2- The in vivo tissue compatibility in a decreasing order was: Calen® paste thickened with zinc oxide, Sealapex® sealer, zinc oxide and eugenol cement and EndoREZTM sealer. The Calen® paste thickened with zinc oxide permitted the occurrence of an adequate tissue response, while Sealapex® sealer and the zinc oxide and eugenol cement produced a fair tissue response. EndoREZTM sealer did not induce tissue repair.

Avaliou-se a atividade antibacteriana e a compatibilidade tecidual dos seguintes materiais obturadores de canais radiculares de dentes decíduos: cimento de óxido de zinco e eugenol, pasta Calen® espessada com óxido de zinco, cimento Sealapex® e cimento EndoREZTM. A atividade antibacteriana foi avaliada in vitro, por meio do teste de difusão em ágar, frente a 5 microrganismos indicadores (Kocuria rizophila, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans, Escherichia coli e Staphylococcus aureus), sendo os resultados submetidos à análise de variância (ANOVA) e ao pósteste de Tukey. A compatibilidade tecidual foi avaliada in vivo, por implantação subcutânea, em camundongos isogênicos BALB/c, de tubos de polietileno contendo os materiais obturadores. Foram efetuadas análises descritiva e semi-quantitativa do fibrosamento e do infiltrado inflamatório e quantitativa da área e maior espessura do tecido reacional granulomatoso. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise estatística por meio dos testes de Kruskal-Wallis, análise de variância (ANOVA) e pós-teste de Tukey. Para todos os testes o nível de significância foi de 5%. Com relação à atividade antibacteriana, evidenciaram-se diferenças estatisticamente significantes (p<0,0001) entre os halos de inibição ocasionados pelos diferentes materiais, para todos os microrganismos avaliados. A Kocuria rizophila foi inibida mais eficazmente pelo cimento de óxido de zinco e eugenol (p<0,05), enquanto que o Enterococcus faecalis foi inibido mais eficazmente pela pasta Calen® espessada com óxido de zinco (p<0,05). O Streptococcus mutans foi inibido pela pasta Calen® espessada com óxido de zinco, cimento Sealapex® e cimento de óxido de zinco e eugenol na mesma intensidade (p>0,05). A Escherichia coli foi inibida mais eficazmente pelo cimento de óxido de zinco e eugenol, seguido pela pasta Calen® espessada com óxido de zinco e pelo cimento Sealapex® (p<0,05). O Staphylococcus aureus foi inibido pela pasta Calen® espessada com óxido de zinco e pelo cimento de óxido de zinco e eugenol na mesma intensidade (p>0,05), e menos intensamente pelo cimento Sealapex® (p<0,05). O cimento EndoREZTM apresentou atividade antibacteriana apenas frente a Kocuria rizophila e ao Staphylococcus aureus. Com relação à compatibilidade tecidual, não observou-se diferença entre os materiais, com relação ao fibrosamento e à maior espessura do tecido reacional granulomatoso (p>0,05). A pasta Calen® espessada com óxido de zinco foi o material que apresentou infiltrado inflamatório de menor intensidade (p<0,05). A área do tecido reacional granulomatoso foi menor para a pasta Calen® espessada com óxido de zinco e para o cimento Sealapex® (p>0,05) em comparação aos cimentos EndoREZTM e óxido de zinco e eugenol (p<0,05). Com base nos resultados obtidos nas metodologias empregadas pôde-se concluir que: 1- A atividade antibacteriana, in vitro, em ordem decrescente foi: cimento de óxido de zinco e eugenol, pasta Calen® espessada com óxido de zinco, cimento Sealapex® e cimento EndoREZTM; 2- A pasta Calen® espessada com óxido de zinco foi o material que apresentou a melhor compatibilidade tecidual, seguido pelos cimentos Sealapex® e de óxido de zinco e eugenol. O cimento EndoREZTM apresentou resposta tecidual insatisfatória. / This study evaluated the antibacterial activity and tissue compatibility of the following root canal filling materials for primary teeth: zinc oxide and eugenol cement, Calen® paste thickened with zinc oxide, Sealapex® sealer and EndoREZTM sealer. The antibacterial activity of these materials against 5 indicator microorganisms (Kocuria rizophila, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) was evaluated in vitro using the agar diffusion test. The results were analyzed statistically by the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukeys post-hoc test. Tissue compatibility was evaluated in vivo by the implantation of polyethylene tubes containing the root canal filling materials in the subcutaneous tissue of isogenic BALB/c mice. Descriptive and semi-quantitative analyses of the rate of fibrosis and the inflammatory infiltrate were performed, as well as a quantitative analysis of the area and the greater thickness of the granulomatous reactionary tissue. The results were analyzed statistically by the Kruskal-Wallis test, ANOVA and Tukeys post-hoc test. For all tests, the significance level was set at 5%. Regarding the antibacterial activity, there were statistically significant differences (p<0.0001) among the zones of inhibition of microbial growth produced by the different materials for all target microorganisms. Kocuria rizophila was inhibited more effectively by the zinc oxide and eugenol cement (p<0.05), while Enterococcus faecalis was inhibited more effectively by the Calen® paste thickened with zinc oxide (p<0.05). Streptococcus mutans was inhibited by the Calen® paste thickened with zinc oxide, Sealapex® sealer and zinc oxide and eugenol cement in the same intensity (p>0.05). Escherichia coli was inhibited more effectively by the zinc oxide and eugenol cement, followed by the Calen® paste thickened with zinc oxide and Sealapex® sealer (p<0.05). Staphylococcus aureus was inhibited by the Calen® paste thickened with zinc oxide and by the zinc oxide and eugenol cement in the same intensity (p>0.05), and was less effectively inhibited by Sealapex® sealer (p<0.05). EndoREZTM sealer presented antibacterial activity only against Kocuria rizophila and Staphylococcus aureus. Regarding tissue compatibility, there was no statistically significant difference among the materials with respect to the rate of fibrosis or the greater thickness of the granulomatous reactionary tissue (p>0.05). The Calen® paste thickened with zinc oxide produced the inflammatory infiltrate with lowest intensity of all materials (p<0.05). The area of the granulomatous reactionary tissue was smaller for the Calen® paste thickened with zinc oxide and Sealapex® sealer (p>0.05) compared to EndoREZTM sealer and the zinc oxide and eugenol cement (p<0.05). Based on the results obtained with the methodologies employed in the present study, it may be concluded that: 1- The in vitro antibacterial activity in a decreasing order was: zinc oxide and eugenol cement, Calen® paste thickened with zinc oxide, Sealapex® sealer and EndoREZTM sealer; 2- The in vivo tissue compatibility in a decreasing order was: Calen® paste thickened with zinc oxide, Sealapex® sealer, zinc oxide and eugenol cement and EndoREZTM sealer. The Calen® paste thickened with zinc oxide permitted the occurrence of an adequate tissue response, while Sealapex® sealer and the zinc oxide and eugenol cement produced a fair tissue response. EndoREZTM sealer did not induce tissue repair.