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Orientador: Carlos Roberto Daleck / Coorientador: Lucia Ferreira Rosa Sobreira / Banca: Andrigo Barboza de Nardi / Banca: Paola Castro Moraes / Resumo: A cicatrização constitui um conjunto dinâmico de alterações teciduais importantes na manutenção da integridade do organismo, que abrange inflamação, quimiotaxia, proliferação celular, diferenciação e remodelação. A reparação das feridas cutâneas pode ser feita por dois diferentes procedimentos, ou seja, métodos cirúrgicos (dermorrafia ou enxertos de pele) ou por meio de métodos clínicos. Os fitoterápicos constituem uma forma de terapia medicinal que vem crescendo notadamente nestes últimos anos, principalmente dentro das indústrias farmacêuticas. Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar a evolução cicatricial e o efeito cicatrizante da pomada formulada à base de óleo de semente de maracujá em três concentrações diferentes, sobre lesões realizadas experimentalmente em coelhos. Foram utilizados 18 coelhos, machos ou fêmeas, com peso entre 2kg e 2,5kg, adultos, subdivididos igualmente em três grupos A, B e C. As lesões induzidas do lado esquerdo foram tratadas com pomada a base de óleo de semente de maracujá, nas concentrações de 30% (Grupo A), 15% (Grupo B) e 7,5% (Grupo C), as lesões induzidas do lado direito foram tratadas com placebo (lanolina). As feridas foram avaliadas macroscópica e microscopicamente quanta à evolução do processo de regeneração cicatricial, durante 30 dias. Os resultados obtidos indicam que as lesões tratadas com pomada a base de óleo de semente de maracujá apresentaram resultados benéficos e rapidez no processo cicatricial. Nas lesões controle não foram obtidos os mesmo resultados / Abstract: Wound healing is a dynamic set of tissue alterations important in maintaining the integrity of the body, which includes inflammation, chemotaxis, cell proliferation, differentiation and remodeling. The repair of skin wounds can be made by two different procedures, surgical methods (dermorrafia or skin grafting) or by means of clinical methods. The herbal drugs are a form of medical therapy that has been growing remarkably in recent years, especially within the pharmaceutical industry. The objective of this study to evaluate the evolution of healing and the healing effect of ointment formulated on the basis of passion fruit seed oil at three different concentrations, performed on lesions in rabbits experimentally. 18 rabbits were used, males and females, weighing between 2 kg and 2.5 kg, adults, divided into three groups A, B and C. Induced lesions of the left side was treated with ointment base seed oil, passion fruit, in concentrations of 30% (Group A), 15% (Group B) and 7.5% (Group C), the lesions induced side right were treated with placebo (lanolin). The wounds were evaluated macroscopically and microscopically how the evolution of the regeneration process of healing, for 30 days. The results indicate that the lesions treated with ointment base passion fruit seed oil showed beneficial results and speed the healing process. Control lesions were not obtained the same results / Mestre

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seed is a major source of edible oil in the world and the main renewable raw material for biodiesel production in North America. Oil, which on average accounts for 20% of the soybean seed weight, is a complex quantitative trait controlled by many genes with mostly minor effects and influenced by environmental conditions. Because of its quantitative nature, the seed oil concentration may have an indirect effect on other economically important and agronomic traits such as seed yield and protein concentration. Increasing the oil concentration in soybean has been given more attention in recent years due to increasing demand for both edible oil and feedstock. To achieve this objective, it is important to understand the genetic control of the oil accumulation and its relationship with other traits. The main objectives of this thesis were to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) and genes involved in oil biosynthesis in soybean. Two recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations were developed from crosses between moderately high oil soybean cultivars with high seed yield and protein concentration. In a population of 203 F3:6 RILs from a cross of ‘OAC Wallace’ and ‘OAC Glencoe’, a total of 11 genomic regions located on nine different chromosomes were identified as associated with oil concentration using multiple QTL mapping (MQM) and single-factor ANOVA. Among the 11 oil-associated QTL, four QTL were also validated in a population of 211 F3:5 RILs from a cross of ‘RCAT Angora’ and ‘OAC Wallace’. There were six oil QTL identified in this study that were co-localized with seed protein QTL and four for seed yield QTL. The oil-beneficial allele of the QTL tagged by marker Sat_020, on Chromosome 9, was positively associated with seed protein concentration. The oil-enhancing alleles at markers Satt001 and GmDGAT2B were positively correlated with seed yield. In this study, three sequence mutations were also discovered in either the coding or non-coding regions of three DGAT soybean genes (GmDGAT2B, GmDGAT2C, and GmDGAT1B) between ‘OAC Wallace’ and ‘OAC Glencoe’ that showed significant effects on some of the traits evaluated. GmDGAT2B showed significant association with seed oil and yield across different environments. The oil-favorable allele of the gene GmDGAT2B from ‘OAC Glencoe’ was also positively correlated with seed yield. GmDGAT2C was associated with seed yield, whereas GmDGAT1B showed significant effects on seed yield and protein concentration. However, neither of these two genes showed any association with seed oil. The yield-enhancing allele of GmDGAT1B showed negative association with protein concentration. The identification of oil QTL that were either positively associated with seed yield and protein or neutral to both traits and the development of new gene-based markers will facilitate marker-assisted breeding to develop high oil soybean cultivars with high yield and minimal effect on protein concentration. / Generous funding to conduct this research was provided by the Alternative Renewable Fuels II Program of the Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (OMAFRA) and by the Grain Farmers of Ontario.

No description available.

Acyl-CoA binding protein (ACBP) ubiquitously found in eukaryotic organisms fulfills important functions of solubilisation, protection and transport of acyl-CoA esters, a major intermediate of lipid metabolism. This thesis presents an investigation of the physiological role of the small cytosolic ACBP in seed oil biosynthesis. The second important objective of this study was to evaluate the use of ACBP as a molecular tool for modification of seed oil content and/or fatty acid (FA) composition. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica napus was performed with a number of genetic constructs designed for seed-specific expression of the B. napus cDNA encoding a small cytosolic ACBP. Protein level and subcellular localization of BnACBP in A. thaliana transgenic seeds depended on the structure of the genetic constructs mainly, the presence of additional in-frame sequences, encoding a protein fusion partners or signal peptides. Seed oil from A. thaliana T2 and T3 seeds had increased polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) percentage (18:2cis delta9,12 and, in some lines, 18:3cis delta9,12,15) at the expense of very-long-chain monounsaturated (20:1cis delta11) and saturated (18:0) fatty acids. An increase in PUFA levels in seed oil was due to enhanced acyl channeling from the acyl-CoA pool to phosphatidylcholine, the substrate for extraplastidial FA desaturation. The activity of A. thaliana acyl-CoA: lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase (AthLPCAT), an enzyme involved in acyl exchange between acyl-CoA and PC, was significantly increased in the presence of the recombinant B. napus ACBP (rBnACBP) in the reaction mixture. rBnACBP also modulated enzymatic activities of glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and diacylglycerol acyltransferase in vitro. Finally, the effect of constitutive or seed-specific gene silencing of ACBP on seed oil formation was examined. A. thaliana transformation with RNAi constructs resulted in partial suppression of ACBP expression and changes in FA composition of seed oil which included an increase in the percentage of 18:1cis delta9 and 18:2cis delta9,12 and, decrease of 18:3cis delta9,12,15. Overall, the results of this study demonstrate that the small cytosolic ACBP plays an important role in acyl exchange between acyl-CoA and PC metabolic pools. Overexpression of ACBP during seed development can be useful in genetic engineering strategies aimed at modifying the FA composition of seed oils. / Plant Science

Thesis (M.Inst.Agrar.)(Food production and processing)--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references. Available on the Internet via the World Wide Web.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-02-29Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:11:23Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 marques_ics_me_jabo_parcial.pdf: 44491 bytes, checksum: f0450a0b0b6cb03b5074188aaa336214 (MD5) Bitstreams deleted on 2014-08-22T14:57:05Z: marques_ics_me_jabo_parcial.pdf,Bitstream added on 2014-08-22T15:02:08Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000691032.pdf: 814371 bytes, checksum: 1f375b4376ab2a7c9466d2dfabc8402f (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A cicatrização constitui um conjunto dinâmico de alterações teciduais importantes na manutenção da integridade do organismo, que abrange inflamação, quimiotaxia, proliferação celular, diferenciação e remodelação. A reparação das feridas cutâneas pode ser feita por dois diferentes procedimentos, ou seja, métodos cirúrgicos (dermorrafia ou enxertos de pele) ou por meio de métodos clínicos. Os fitoterápicos constituem uma forma de terapia medicinal que vem crescendo notadamente nestes últimos anos, principalmente dentro das indústrias farmacêuticas. Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar a evolução cicatricial e o efeito cicatrizante da pomada formulada à base de óleo de semente de maracujá em três concentrações diferentes, sobre lesões realizadas experimentalmente em coelhos. Foram utilizados 18 coelhos, machos ou fêmeas, com peso entre 2kg e 2,5kg, adultos, subdivididos igualmente em três grupos A, B e C. As lesões induzidas do lado esquerdo foram tratadas com pomada a base de óleo de semente de maracujá, nas concentrações de 30% (Grupo A), 15% (Grupo B) e 7,5% (Grupo C), as lesões induzidas do lado direito foram tratadas com placebo (lanolina). As feridas foram avaliadas macroscópica e microscopicamente quanta à evolução do processo de regeneração cicatricial, durante 30 dias. Os resultados obtidos indicam que as lesões tratadas com pomada a base de óleo de semente de maracujá apresentaram resultados benéficos e rapidez no processo cicatricial. Nas lesões controle não foram obtidos os mesmo resultados / Wound healing is a dynamic set of tissue alterations important in maintaining the integrity of the body, which includes inflammation, chemotaxis, cell proliferation, differentiation and remodeling. The repair of skin wounds can be made by two different procedures, surgical methods (dermorrafia or skin grafting) or by means of clinical methods. The herbal drugs are a form of medical therapy that has been growing remarkably in recent years, especially within the pharmaceutical industry. The objective of this study to evaluate the evolution of healing and the healing effect of ointment formulated on the basis of passion fruit seed oil at three different concentrations, performed on lesions in rabbits experimentally. 18 rabbits were used, males and females, weighing between 2 kg and 2.5 kg, adults, divided into three groups A, B and C. Induced lesions of the left side was treated with ointment base seed oil, passion fruit, in concentrations of 30% (Group A), 15% (Group B) and 7.5% (Group C), the lesions induced side right were treated with placebo (lanolin). The wounds were evaluated macroscopically and microscopically how the evolution of the regeneration process of healing, for 30 days. The results indicate that the lesions treated with ointment base passion fruit seed oil showed beneficial results and speed the healing process. Control lesions were not obtained the same results

Due to the immense utilization in food and industry, there is enormous commercial and scientific interest to manipulate canola (Brassica napus L.) seed oil. Seed oil accretions are influenced by genes involved in embryo and seed development. FUSCA3 (FUS3) and LEAFY COTYLEDON1 (LEC1) are well-known transcription factors involved during seed and embryo development. The main objective of this project was to evaluate the role of these genes during seed storage deposition and microspore-derived embryogenesis in B. napus. For this purpose, six BnLEC1 transgenic lines and three BnFUS3 TILLING mutant lines were generated. The over expression of BnLEC1 significantly increased the seed oil content, while the down regulation of BnLEC1 or mutation of BnFUS3 reduced the level of seed oil. Experimental alterations of BnLEC1 and BnFUS3 triggered transcriptional modifications in enzymes taking part in sucrose transport and metabolism, glycolysis, and fatty acid (FA) biosynthesis. These changes are suggestive of a greater carbon pool to FA biosynthesis in tissues over-expressing BnLEC1, and a reduced carbon flux available for the synthesis of FA in BnLEC1 down regulators and BnFUS3 tilling mutants. While the elevated oil content induced by BnLEC1 was not accompanied by alterations in FA composition, oil nutritional value, or glucosinolate (GLS) levels, suppression of BnLEC1 reduced seed oil accumulation and raised levels of GLS, possibly through the transcriptional regulation of BnST5a (Sulphotransferase5a), the last GLS biosynthetic enzyme. BnFUS3 tilling mutant seeds had increased levels of linoleic acid, possibly due to the reduced expression of ω-3 FA DESATURASE (FAD3). The effects of altered expression of BnLEC1 and BnFUS3 were also assessed during microspore-derived embryogenesis. Substantial structural abnormalities, accompanied by changes in transcript levels of several embryo marker genes were observed in embryos in which the expression of BnLEC1 or BnFUS3 was altered. The changes in oil level and FA profiles observed in the transformed microspore-derived embryos followed a similar trend to that described in seeds. Collectively, these observations suggest that manipulation of BnLEC1 and BnFUS3 can be employed as a tool to enhance seed oil production and quality in B. napus. / February 2017

Growing energy demand in the world force people to investigate alternative energy sources. Unlike coal or other fossil fuels, renewable energy sources are promising for the future. Especially, seed oils are effectively used as energy sources such as fuel for diesel engines. The scope of this study is to develop an oil extraction machine specific to canola seed. In this study, seed oil extraction methods have been investigated and various alternatives for the extraction machine have been considered. For continuous operation, oil extraction with a screw press is evaluated as the most appropriate solution. Four different prototypes have been designed and manufactured. According to the results of testing of prototypes, they have been modified and gradually improved to increase oil extraction efficiency. The working principle of the selected screw press based on the rotation of a tapered screw shaft mounted inside a grooved vessel. The screw shaft is a single square-threaded power screw having an increasing root diameter from inlet to exit while the outside diameter of the screw shaft is 66 mm. Seeds are taken into the system at the point where the depth of the screw thread is maximum. Then they are pushed forward by the threads on the rotating screw shaft and pass through inside the vessel. So, the fed seeds are compressed as they move to the other side of the vessel. Recovered oil escapes from high pressure zone and drains back. The oil is drained out from the oil drainage holes that are machined on high pressure zone of the vessel. Besides, the cake is extruded at the end of the vessel and the screw shaft. The cake thickness is adjustable by the axial movement of the screw shaft. By adjusting the cake thickness, different pressures can be obtained. During the experiments, it is observed that four main features affect the oil recovery rate. These are the geometry of the grooves inside the vessel, the taper angle of the screw shaft, the operating temperature and the rotational speed. With the final prototype, an oil recovery efficiency of 62.5% has been achieved at 40 rpm with 15 kg/h seed capacity. Since the oil content of the seed is taken as 40%, oil recovery rate of the developed oil extraction machine is 3.75 kg/h. This efficiency is determined for a 0.8 mm cake thickness at 1.1 kW motor ower.