Seeds of oat, green foxtail, squash and tomato were germinated in soil treated with different levels of DCPA (dimethyl 2, 3, 5, 6-tetrachlorote-rephthalate). The concentrations used varied according to the sensitivity of the plants to the chemical. The response of oat and foxtail to DCPA was similar. The growth of booth root and shoot was reduced. This reduction was directly related to the concentration of DCPA. Anatomical studies showed that cells in the shoot and root meristems of treated plants were completely disarranged and that some of the cells of these regions were hypertrophied. Some clumping of nuclei was observed in oat shoot tip. Foxtail showed a stimulation of shoot growth at 2 ppm level of DCPA. In both grass species differentiation seemed to start nearer the apex in treated plants and was highly irregular. Histochemical tests showed that the amount of starch, proteins and nucleic acids decreased with an increase of DCPA concentration. The walls of shoot meristem cells were thickened. The size and number of chloroplasts were increased in the cells of first true leaves. Seeds of treated plants seemed to contain more starch and protein. In squash, even though the shoot and root growth was reduced, no anatomical or histochemical differences could be observed except that the amount of starch in shoot meristems was slightly increased with increased concentrations of DCPA and that cotyledons of treated plants contained more starch and protein. These cotyledons also contained more and larger chloroplasts. The cytogenetical studies failed to show any differences in the mitotic index of plants studied. No abnormal chromosome behavior was observed.

Using Radioautography 14C simazine, 14C EPTC, 14C 2,4-D, 1414 DCPA and 14C pyrazon absorption by seeds of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), squash (Cucurbita maxima), corn (Zea mays), onion (Allium cepa) and oat (Avena sativa) was studied. Simazine, EPTC, 2,4-D and pyrazon were absorbed through the seed coat of bean, squash, corn and onion, the amount increasing with time. Little DCPA was absorbed by seeds of bean, squash, onion and oat. Distribution and translocation of 14C simazine, 14C EPTC and 14C pyrazon occurred in the young plants of bean, squash, corn and onion. Simazine and pyrazon accumulated in the leaf margins of bean, EPTC and pyrazon were found in the cotyledon margins of squash, and pyrazon was found in the coleoptile tips and leaf tips of corn. The translocation of 14C 2,4-D in bean, onion and squash showed a characteristic fixation along the path of the translocation. Very little translocation or distribution of 14C DCPA were found in bean, squash, onion or oat. In bean leaf, 14C pyrazon was absorbed and moved acropetally in the apoplast. Basipetal movement of 14C pyrazon was limited. Microadioautography was used to determine the tissues involved in the translocation of 14C simazine, 14C EPTC, 14C 2,4-D and 14C pyrazon. Simazine and EPTC were found in the vascular bundle tissues of bean leaf. EPTC was found in the cortex of squash root. 2,4-D was found in the vascular tissues and surrounding the vascular bundle of squash cotyledon and onion hypocotyl. Pyrazon was found intercellularly and intracellularly in bean cotyledon.

The absorption, translocation and metabolism of 1,3-dichloropropene (a soil fumigant) in bush beans, tomato and carrot was studied under growth chamber and greenhouse conditions using solution culture, vermiculite and sand. Absorption was monitored using gas chromatographic analysis and isotope techniques. Plants were shown to absorb a maximum amount of dichloropropene by 24 to 48 hr from solution culture and vermiculite. The plant absorbed and translocated 1,3-dichlorpropene-14C-U readily to aerial parts of the plant. Bush beans, tomatoes and carrots absorbed and translocated 3-chlorallyl alcohol-14C-U from solution culture and vermiculite. Levels of 3-chloroallyl alcohol reached maximum at 24 to 48 hr after inoculation The gas chromatographic analysis of plant materials showed that 1,3-dichloropropene and 3-chloroallyl alcohol were rapidly metabolized by the plant. The three plants metabolize 1,3-dichloropropene to 3-chloroallyl alcohol, part of which is converted to 3-choroacrylic acid and 3-chloro-1-propanol. The metabolite identities were convirmed by co-chromatography with standard compounds and by mass spectral analysis. The sequence from this point (3-chloroacrylic of 3-chloro-1-propanol) is not known but coupled with the evidence from metabolite studies, it is apparent that a central metabolite (acetate pathway is indicated) has to be an intermediate in dichloropropene metabolism as label is located in glucose, TCA acids, amino acids, lipids and other normal plant products. The dichloropropenes are rapidly absorbed, translocated and metabolized by the plant. No parent dichloropropene was found in the plant after 72 hr incubation period and 3-chloroallyl alcohol was not detected after 96 hr in the plant. The data indicates that the dichloropropenes and 3-chloroallyl alcohols are not potential residue problems and that environmental concern about the ultimate fate of these compounds should be minimal.

No description available.

For the past 15 years I have been struggling to recover from the consequences of sexual abuse. I have been involved with many self abusive habits, including cutting different areas of my body. I have come to the understanding that these addictive habits evolved as a direct result of sexual abuse. The stories I am about to relate tell the fears and difficulties I have experienced as well as an account of the tremendous power that art has provided me towards a full recovery. I am writing this memoir in hopes that those who read it will better understand the consequences of sexual abuse, the importance of support and the way in which art can act as an effective form of therapy. I need to make art because it keeps me alive. It feeds me and makes my life livable. I realize that not everyone will understand or appreciate what I create. I realize that making art is always going to be something difficult for people to understand. But I don't care. I don't care because I have to make art. I just have to do it. Just like someone somewhere has to jump over a pole and win a gold medal. It keeps me healthy and provides me with the outlet I need. And so I've come to the understanding that I make artwork in order to live. I have discovered through my own experiences, that abuse is not something many people feel comfortable talking about. Often when abuse is talked about, people become withdrawn or nervous, afraid to approach the subject. This creates a tremendous strain for those who are trying to overcome the problems associated with abuse. What people need to understand is regardless of the difficulties surrounding communication, abuse happens and it happens to a lot of people. Using art as therapy allows my feelings to take form. They are outside of me for the moment. I can look at them and try to assess them. I have never told anyone the exact details of the abuse as words do not suffice. I have written down a number of detailed memories but I can't ever write it down the way it actually felt or feels. I know what I'm trying to say but words do not suffice. Throughout my graduate studies art has been an integral part of my healing. I knew I could not erase my abuse but I have found that by incorporating my art as a means of therapy, I have been able to find an increased sense of peace and strength. I have been able to fix things, things that before seemed unfixable. When I first began the project, aesthetic assumptions did not seem as important when compared to the benefits which came from the tangible physical process of making things. The process provided an outlet that wasn't going to hurt me. After continued therapy and assessment, it became easier and easier to recognize art as therapy. I was learning to channel my feelings and express things I couldn't express before. I was beginning to heal. For many the process alone could be sufficient; however I could not be fulfilled unless the work also incorporated a satisfying sense of aesthetics. I wanted people to see my work. I wanted them to see it and feel motivated to talk about abuse. I needed aesthetics to lure an audience that might otherwise not approach such subjects. While the main concept behind the work focuses on the actions of degradation, cleansing and reconstructing, I considered the work not only to be helpful therapeutically but also aesthetically pleasing. The work tells a history of the artistic processes which evolved as I continued through therapy. The work includes layers which indicate the advancement from fear and trauma to life and beauty. While parts of this document deal with extremely difficult issues, I haveallowed the text to wander, including more mundane or everyday diary type entries. I believe the manner of the text correlates directly with the art, emphasizing not only the brutality of abuse but also the hope and sense of achievement art has provided me as productive means of therapy.

<p> The Objective of this study is to investigate analytically the impact of certain technological and market conditions on the optimum location of the firm. The existing location models may be divided into those which consider both supply and demand aspects and those which concentrate on supply factors alone. Traditionally, the former group of models define equilibrium as the profit maximizing location and assume both a linear-homogeneous production function and a linear demand function. The latter class of models assume only the linear-homogeneity of production, and equilibrium is found at the cost-minimizing site.</p> <p> In this paper two cases are examined. Firstly, the influence of a general non-linear homogeneous production function on a simple cost minimizing model is considered. Secondly, the effect of non-linear demand functions and non-linear homogeneous technology on a profit maximizing model are assessed. The results indicate that the optimum location in the cost minimizing situation does not vary with the level of output, whatever the degree of homogeneity of the production function. This directly contradicts the common belief regarding the effects of production. Furthermore, in the profit-maximizing problem, and with non-linear homogeneous production, the solution is unaffected by the shape of the demand function.</p> <p> Suggestions for refining and extending this analysis include the use of general rather than specific demand, transportation and production functions: the employment of exhaustible inputs, and generalization to the three-dimensional situation.</p> / Thesis / Master of Arts (MA)

<p>Tolerance is a diagnostic criterion for alcohol use disorder (AUD) and dependence and is often measured metabolically or behaviorally by comparing blood ethanol concentrations (BEC) or locomotor performance to an ethanol (EtOH) challenge before and after a drinking history, respectively. To explore another aspect of chronic behavioral tolerance in a family history positive (FH+) model of AUD, crossed High Alcohol Preferring (cHAP) mice were allowed to respond instrumentally for an EtOH reinforcer after either a five-week history of continuous home cage two-bottle choice (2BC) drinking or a concurrent five-week water-drinking period. Additionally, some of these animals were placed back into the operant box after home cage drinking histories to respond in extinction, allowing for the quantification of alcohol-motivated seeking alone in the absence of EtOH taking and its intoxicating effects. The results demonstrate that an alcohol history does not lead to a subsequent increase in active lever responding or inactive lever responding when compared to water-drinking controls. However, female cHAP mice with an EtOH-drinking history respond more on the inactive lever in extinction compared to water controls, suggesting that home cage EtOH history potentiates variation in responding in extinction. Overall, female mice responded more on the active lever and drank more alcohol in the reinforced condition, but again, there was not an effect of drinking history on this sex-specific effect. Together these results suggest that while female cHAPs, regardless of drinking history, are more motivated to work to drink EtOH, reinforced and non-reinforced instrumental responding are not reliable readouts for tolerance in cHAP mice compared to other endpoints such as drinking in the dark (DID) assays.</p>

The purpose of this study is to determine the nicotinic acid values of the food consumed and the urinary and fecal excretions of young college women on self-selected diets.

This thesis describes the selected organisation. There is presented a SWOT analysis of the company in this thesis. Describes the terms of expansion of selected organisation into international market, specifically for entry into the German market. The result is a proposal for the application of the chosen company to market a full description of the situation on the market.

The thesis compares and analyses the development of production/consumption of energy in the EU28, in selected countries (Austria, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland, Hungary, Slovenia), and especially in the Czech Republic and Slovakia in the context of accepting and development (change) of energy policies. The main aspect of the work was to analyze trends in energy consumption and (in) dependence, structure of energy production/consumption, particularly with the application potential of alternative energy sources and energy savings. This thesis confirmed that there are significant differences in achieving the main objectives of EU energy policy among states. Statistical (correlation) analysis did not confirmed a significant dependence between the energy (in) dependence, the energy saving rates and the share of alternative energy sources. Synthetic index of energy change has evaluated Hungary and Slovakia from selected countries with the best energy progress since 2004. It was not proved that Slovakia or Czech Republic have a consistent long-term energy policy that they would explicitly followed. Key words: energy policy, energy savings, energy consumption, energy dependence, European Union