Ce doctorat présente une recherche menée en linguistique et en psycholinguistique sur la production de verbes en F.L.S. dans une Approche Fonctionnaliste chez des adultes. Il est important de s’interroger sur les énoncés non conventionnels du type casser un fruit, nommés métaphores, ou erreurs de surextension. Duvignau les a appelés approximations sémantiques à cause de la proximité entre un verbe produit (non conventionnel) et un verbe conventionnel pertinent. L’objectif de ce travail est d’analyser la production d’approximations sémantiques chez les participants étrangers de différents niveaux de F.L.S. Notre hypothèse la plus importante est que la production d’approximations sémantiques serait une stratégie palliative qui aide les étrangers à communiquer avec peu de mots. Nous avons établi l’hypothèse selon laquelle plus les apprenants F.L.S. sont avancés, moins ils produiraient d’approximations sémantiques. Nous avons utilisé un protocole « Approx » (Duvignau et Gaume, 2004) qui contient 17 séquences d’actions (DVD) dont le but est d’analyser la production des verbes dans les tâches de dénomination et de reformulation d’actions auprès de 125 participants (un groupe de chinois de F.L.S. (N=56), un groupe d’étrangers non sinophones de F.L.S. (d’une vingtaine de langues maternelles différentes ; N=56) et un groupe contrôle de F.L.M. (N=13). Par ailleurs, nous avons recueilli des données au sein de différentes écoles et entreprises à Toulouse. Notre hypothèse selon laquelle plus les participants de F.L.S. sont avancés, moins ils utiliseraient d’approximations sémantiques a reçu un soutien mitigé. / This PhD presents a study in linguistics and psycholinguistics that uses a functionalist approach to the study of production of non-conventional verbs by adults learning in French as a Second Language. We are interested in oral productions like to break a fruit that are known as metaphors or errors of over-extension. Duvignau called these semantic approximations because of the proximity between the non-conventional verb that participants produced and the conventional verb that should have been produced. The objective of this PhD is to investigate production of semantic approximations at different levels in French Second Language learning. We suggest that the palliative strategy could be responsible for the production of semantic approximations by learners in Second Language and helps learners to communicate with few verbs. We hypothesized that the more advanced learners will use less semantic approximations. We used the “Approx” protocol (Duvignau and Gaume, 2004) that contains 17 video-actions to measure production of verbs in denomination and reformulation tasks in 125 participants at different levels in French (a Chinese group (N=56), a foreign non-Chinese group speaking 27 different languages (N=56) and French group (N=13)) from different schools or companies in France. This research shows that our hypothesis that the more advanced learners will use less semantic approximation receives limited support.

Submitted by Edineia Teixeira (edineia.teixeira@unioeste.br) on 2019-03-11T19:52:22Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Jessica_Rodrigues_2018.pdf: 1353993 bytes, checksum: 9e77a71398195423e20a09632837b4f6 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2019-03-11T19:52:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Jessica_Rodrigues_2018.pdf: 1353993 bytes, checksum: 9e77a71398195423e20a09632837b4f6 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-12-11 / The current dissertation presents an analytical reading upon the translation process of the book O Filho Eterno (2007), by Cristovão Tezza, whose translation to the English language is given the title The Eternal Son (2013), by the translator Alison Entrekin. To do so, we aim at establishing a comparative perspective between the Original Text (OT) and the Translated Text (TT), identifying the path followed along the translation process. The Translation Studies, from 1980s on, consolidates itself as an autonomous research and intellectual production field, not anymore as a branch of the Comparative Liteature or Linguistics. Literature scholars, for too long, focused themselves on a defensive posture, upon fidedignity aspects of the OT and the TT. Linguistics, yet, very poorly has explored the cultural aspects of the translation analysis. This comparative study between the O Filho Eterno and The Eternal Son broadened the literary analysis possibilities as it permitted a reflection on the understanding the creative expression lines used in the book through the double, the autofiction and the silence. The interdicts and the vertigo feeling from the original narrative are suppressed on the translation throughout a simplification of the creative resources, such as punctuation, word omissions and explanatory insertions; furthermore, a lexical and semantic diversification of the recurrent use of the original Filho for preferable terms of the translator as son, child, baby and Felipe, that, along the plot, turn out to be a guideline for the foreign reader. The TT simplification can be analyzed from four settled moments of the book: waiting the messianic son as a prize (son), not-acceptance of the child with Down Syndrome (child), the rising empathy with the stimulus sessions (baby) and the identity construction of Felipe with talents, tastes and features, beyond his Syndrome. The whole process is interweaved by the construction of the father and son double, established with feedbacks and reflections from the father-character, under the lens of a selective omniscient narrator that also ensured the narrative distance and the autofictional aspect of the book. Under such perspective, language is continuously challenged as the comfortable values of the symbolic plan categorization is doubted, such as comprehension, apprehension and valuation measures of the world’s narrator from O Filho Eterno come down to the experience of helplessness, inexpressible and of full meaningful silence. This study is based upon the theorical and critical approaches by Mona Baker (1993, 1995, 1996), Itamar Even-Zohar (1978), Susan Basnnett (2005), Philippe Lejeune, (2008), Diana Klinger (2006), Santiago Kovadloff (2003), Roland Barthes (1977, 2004), among others. / A presente dissertação apresenta uma leitura analítica do processo de tradução da obra O Filho Eterno (2007), de Cristovão Tezza, cuja obra em língua inglesa recebe o título de The Eternal Son (2013), na tradução de Alison Entrekin. Para isso, buscamos estabelecer uma perspectiva comparativa entre o Texto Original (TO) e o Texto Traduzido (TT), com a identificação do caminho adotado no processo tradutório. Os Estudos da Tradução, a partir da década de 1980, consolidam-se como uma área de pesquisa autônoma e de produção intelectual, não mais como um desmembramento da Literatura Comparada ou da Linguística. Teóricos da literatura, por muito tempo, pautaram-se, em uma postura defensiva, em questões de fidedignidade entre o TO e o TT. Já a Linguística, pouco explorou os aspectos culturais nas análises tradutórias. O estudo comparado entre O Filho Eterno e The Eternal Son ampliou as possibilidades da análise literária ao permitir refletir sobre a compreensão das linhas de expressão criativas, pautadas na obra pelo duplo, pela autoficção e pelo silêncio. Os interditos e o sentimento de vertigem do original são suprimidos na narrativa traduzida por meio de uma simplificação de recursos criativos, como pontuação, supressão de palavras e inserções explicativas; também, por uma diversificação lexical e semântica do recorrente uso no original da lexia Filho, por vocábulos preferenciais da tradutora como son, child, baby e Felipe, que, no enredo, tornam-se guia no contexto narrativo ao leitor estrangeiro. A simplificação no TT pode ser analisada a partir de quatro momentos da obra: à espera do filho messiânico como um prêmio (son), a não-aceitação da criança com Síndrome de Down (child), a crescente empatia com as sessões de estímulo (baby) e a configuração da identidade de Felipe, com talentos, gostos e características, para além da Síndrome. Todo o processo é perpassado pela construção de um duplo entre pai e filho, estabelecido com flashbacks e reflexões do personagem pai, sob a lente de um narrador onisciente seletivo, que assegura um distanciamento narrativo e o aspecto autoficcional da obra. Sob tal perspectiva narrativa, a linguagem é desafiada à medida que os valores confortáveis da categorização no plano simbólico, como medidas de compreensão, apreensão e valoração do mundo do narrador de O Filho Eterno, culminam em uma experiência de desamparo, do indizível e de um silêncio pleno de significado. Este estudo ancora-se em abordagens teóricas e críticas advindas de Mona Baker (1993, 1995, 1996), Itamar Even-Zohar (1978), Susan Basnnett (2005), Philippe Lejeune, (2008), Diana Klinger (2006), Santiago Kovadloff (2003), Roland Barthes (1977, 2004), entre outros.