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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Robustness of Semi-Parametric Survival Model: Simulation Studies and Application to Clinical Data

Nwi-Mozu, Isaac 01 August 2019 (has links)
An efficient way of analyzing survival clinical data such as cancer data is a great concern to health experts. In this study, we investigate and propose an efficient way of handling survival clinical data. Simulation studies were conducted to compare performances of various forms of survival model techniques using an R package ``survsim". Models performance was conducted with varying sample sizes as small ($n5000$). For small and mild samples, the performance of the semi-parametric outperform or approximate the performance of the parametric model. However, for large samples, the parametric model outperforms the semi-parametric model. We compared the effectiveness and reliability of our proposed techniques using a real clinical data of mild sample size. Finally, systematic steps on how to model and explain the proposed techniques on real survival clinical data was provided.
2

Semi-Parametric Test Based on Spline Smoothing for Genetic Association Studies Under Stratified Populations

Zhang, Qi 03 April 2007 (has links)
No description available.
3

A Bayesian Semi-parametric Model for Realized Volatility

Feng, Tian 10 1900 (has links)
<p>Due to the advancements in computing power and the availability of high-frequency data, the analyses of the high frequency stock data and market microstructure has become more and more important in econometrics. In the high frequency data setting, volatility is a very important indicator on the movement of stock prices and measure of risk. It is a key input in pricing of assets, portfolio reallocation, and risk management. In this thesis, we use the Heterogeneous Autoregressive model of realized volatility, combined with Bayesian inference as well as Markov chain Monte Carlo method’s to estimate the innovation density of the daily realized volatility. A Dirichlet process is used as the prior in a countably infinite mixture model. The semi-parametric model provides a robust alternative to the models used in the literature. I find evidence of thick tails in the density of innovations to log-realized volatility.</p> / Master of Science (MSc)
4

Institutions, inégalités et croissance économique : quelles interactions dans les pays d'Afrique Sub-Saharienne? / Institutions, Disparities and Economic growth : What interactions in the countries of Sub-Saharan Africa?

Djékondé, Naïmbayel 22 April 2016 (has links)
Le concept de gouvernance appréhendée par la Banque mondiale au milieu des années 1980, apparaît comme une préoccupation majeure au niveau de l’analyse du développement économique. Il est de plus en plus présent dans les débats sur la recherche de solides fondements de la croissance économique, notamment la croissance économique de long terme dans les pays en voie de développement. La résurgence de la pauvreté après la mise en œuvre des programmes d’ajustement structurel, la persistance des inégalités en Afrique subsaharienne, l’importance des ressources naturelles dont dispose ces pays, et la volonté manifestée récemment par les Chefs d’Etat de ces pays, d’engager leurs pays respectifs à l’initiative de transparence dans les industries extractives (ITIE), suscitent de nombreux enjeux, auxquels seule leur capacité à conduire la bonne gouvernance leur mettra en position de réaliser une croissance économique capable de réduire les inégalités. L’objectif principal de cette thèse est d’analyser le rôle des institutions dans la détermination de la croissance économique en Afrique au Sud Sahara et en diagnostiquant l’influence d’autres variables anthropo-sociologiques telle que la fragmentation ethnique sur la trajectoire de la croissance économique. En utilisant des techniques économétriques et statistiques adéquates et pertinentes, nous arrivons dans un premier temps à montrer qu’il existe une relation positive et très significative entre l’ensemble des variables de gouvernance (Ecoute des citoyens et reddition des comptes ; Stabilité politique et absence de violence ; Efficacité des pouvoirs publics ; Qualité de la réglementation ; Règle de Loi ou Etat de droit ; Maitrise de la corruption) et le taux de croissance du PIB par tête des pays en Afrique au Sud du Sahara. De plus, Cette croissance du PIB par tête est beaucoup plus importante pour les pays colonisés par l’Angleterre et moins favorable pour ceux colonisés par la France. On est tenté à ce stade de l'analyse de lier la qualité des institutions des pays africains à celle des pays colonisateurs. Dans un second temps, l’étude a révélé qu’il n’y a pas de relation linéaire entre le taux de croissance du PIB par tête et les variables mises en évidence. De plus, en présence de la variable« Ethnie », les variables de gouvernance n’ont pas d’influence fondamentale sur la croissance économiquedes pays en Afrique au Subsaharienne. Néanmoins, une relation positive et très significative entre la variable « Ethnie » et le taux de croissance du PIB par tête a été mise en évidence. Enfin, ce travail nous a permis d’apprécier la qualité des institutions et des systèmes de contre-pouvoir notamment l’implication des Organisations de la Société Civile dans la définition et la mise en œuvre des politiques et programmes de développement au Tchad à partir de l’analyse de l’état de la gouvernance économique et financière. / The concept of governance initiated by the World Bank in the mid-1980s appears to be a major concern in the analysis of economic development. It is increasingly present in the debate on finding a solid foundation for economic growth, particularly long-term economic growth in developing countries. The resurgence of poverty following the implementation of structural adjustment programs, the persistence of inequality in sub-Saharan Africa, the abundance of natural resources available to these countries and the clear willingness lately shown by the Heads of State of these countries, to commit their respective countries to the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI), raise many issues, to which only their capacity to upload good governance will enable them to attain an economic growth that can reduce levels of inequality. The main objective of this thesis is to analyze the role of institutions in determining economic growth in Africa South Sahara and diagnosing the influence of other anthropological - sociological variables such as ethnic fractionalization in the path of the economic growth. Using appropriate econometric techniques and relevant statistics, we reach first to show that there is a positive and highly significant relationship between all governance variables (Citizen Voices and Accountability, Political Stability and Absence of Violence, Government Effectiveness, Regulatory Quality, Rule of Law or State of Law, Control Corruption) and the GDP growth rate per capita of the countries in Africa south of the Sahara. In addition, the growth of GDP per capita is much more important for countries colonized by England and less favorable to those colonized by France. One is tempted at this stage of the analysis to link the quality of the institutions of the African countries to that of the colonizing countries. Secondly, the study found that there is no linear relationship between the growth rate of GDP per capita and variables highlighted. Moreover, in the presence of the variable " Ethnic ", the governance variables do not have a fundamental influence on economic growth of the countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. Nevertheless, a positive and highly significant relationship between the variable " Ethnic " and the GDP growth rate per capita was highlighted. Finally, this work has allowed us to appreciate the quality of institutions and systems against power including the involvement of civil society organizations in the definition and implementation of the development of policies and programs in Chad from the analysis of the state of the economic and financial governance.

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