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Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:43:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T13:58:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 06634.pdf: 17873720 bytes, checksum: 7d4caa5b4a8bbc0193c8ee1522743f57 (MD5) / Tese (Doutoramento) / IPEN/T / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP

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Submitted by Claudinei Pracidelli (cpracide@ipen.br) on 2015-05-20T17:36:43Z No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-20T17:36:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Tese (Doutorado em Tecnologia Nuclear) / IPEN/T / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:43:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T13:58:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 06634.pdf: 17873720 bytes, checksum: 7d4caa5b4a8bbc0193c8ee1522743f57 (MD5) / Tese (Doutoramento) / IPEN/T / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:50:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T13:58:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 10894.pdf: 5952992 bytes, checksum: e3d25a70f800a8a854f7dc99848817ad (MD5) / Tese (Doutoramento) / IPEN/T / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP

Submitted by Claudinei Pracidelli (cpracide@ipen.br) on 2015-05-20T17:36:43Z No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-20T17:36:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / A radioterapia é uma das três principais modalidades utilizadas no tratamento de doenças malignas como o câncer; as outras duas são a quimioterapia e a radiocirurgia. Em contraste com outras especialidades médicas que necessitam principalmente do conhecimento clínico e da experiência de especialistas, a radioterapia, com a utilização da radiação ionizante no tratamento do câncer, depende do investimento pesado em tecnologias modernas e dos esforços colaborativos de diversos profissionais, cuja equipe coordenada influencia, sobremaneira, o resultado do tratamento. A Radioterapia de intensidade modulada (IMRT) com o uso de colimadores multilâminas (multileaf collimators MLCs) tem o potencial para alcançar um alto grau de conformidade da dose no alvo (tumor a ser tratado) e ainda promover a proteção de tecidos normais do que a maioria de outras técnicas de tratamento, especialmente para volumes-alvo ou órgãos de risco com formatos complexos. Entretanto, estudos recentes mostraram que baixas doses de radiação podem causar tumores secundários. Esse trabalho tem como objetivo a determinação da distribuição de dose de radiação absorvida em diversas simulações de tratamentos radioterápicos com o uso de dosímetros compostos de LiF:Mg,Ti; CaSO4:Dy e Al2O3:C, utilizando um objeto simulador de polimetilmetacrilato (PMMA) empregando as seguintes técnicas dosimétricas: termoluminescência (TL), luminescência opticamente estimulada (OSL) e detectores semicondutores (diodos). / Tese (Doutorado em Tecnologia Nuclear) / IPEN/T / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

Gamma-ray spectroscopy is undoubtedly the most effective tool for understanding the structure of the nucleus. In common with many other problems however, there is more information available that can be readily measured by standard experimental facilities. Therefore, this thesis investigates the potential for the use of a new detector material, CdZnTe, in nuclear physics applications. To evaluate the requirements of detection systems for nuclear physics applications, a y-ray spectroscopy experiment was performed to investigate neutron alignments in 100Mo, 104Ru and 108Pd using deep-inelastic reactions. This showed that a detector capable of detecting low energy (< 100 keV) X- rays without compromising y-ray detection efficiency could have significant benefit. A room temperature CdZnTe semiconductor detector could reasonably form part of a standard escape suppressed spectrometer. However, there is a substantially higher leakage current associated with room temperature semiconductor devices than standard cryogenically cooled semiconductor detectors. CdZnTe suffers from significant charge trapping, and therefore the rise time of the radiation induced pulses forms an important part of the signal analysis from such detectors. These two problems have implications on the design of preamplifier systems for CdZnTe detectors. For this reason, this thesis describes the design of optimised electronic systems for use with room-temperature operated CdZnTe detectors. Here, the focus is on the preamplifier design, and on practical ways of analysing noise performance of the preamplifier. A new preamplifier configuration with digital output has been developed, and a detailed signal-to-noise analysis performed. Such a circuit facilitates simultaneous measurement of both energy and pulse shape information.

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