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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Toward selective H2 evolution from overall water splitting and the trifluoromethylation of heteroarenes via heterogeneous photocatalysis

Qureshi, Muhammad 06 1900 (has links)
Converting solar energy into useful chemical bonds via photocatalysis is a growing field aimed at addressing global challenges. The research disclosed describes heterogeneous photocatalysis as a nanophotoelectrochemical cell as photocatalysts enable both reduction and oxidation reactions using the local charge separation of photo-excited carriers. Herein, experimental and theoretical results of nanoscale electrolysis of water on the surface of CrOx/Pt/SrTiO3 showed that ohmic losses are negligible when the anode and cathode are within nanometer distances from each other. Additionally, increasing the photocatalytic rate of water splitting by increasing the light intensity demonstrated that pH gradients can still form at the nanoscale. These pH gradients can be minimized by the incorporation of buffers. Typically, photocatalysts decorated with noble-metal nanoparticles can be used for overall water splitting, but generally suffer from low yields due to the water-forming back reaction. The unwanted water-forming back reaction was successfully suppressed by coating Pt nanoparticles on the surface of SrTiO3 with a 2nm CrOx layer that block O2 gas from reaching the surface of the Pt nanoparticle. The back reaction can also be suppressed without the use of a protective layer material by changing the intrinsic nature of the Pt nanoparticle from a metallic state to an oxidized state. The Pt nanoparticles were able to maintain an oxidized state by reducing the particle size below 2 nm. Oxidized Pt particles are less likely to bind to H2, O2, and CO gas, unlike metallic Pt, thereby making it selective for hydrogen generation. Finally, CdS was found to be perform the direct trifluoromethylation of heteroarenes in a single step as opposed to the current multi-step synthetic procedures. The trifluoromethylation of organic compounds is relevant to the field of medicinal chemistry for the synthesis of pharmaceutical drugs. By improving overall water splitting via photocatalysis significantly, artificial photosynthesis may be achieved leading to a solution to the global energy security dilemma. By improving photoredox catalysis of organic compounds via photocatalysis, high value organic compounds (such as pharmaceuticals) can be synthesized more readily under milder conditions.
2

The annealing effect of a-si and a-ge thin films.

January 1978 (has links)
by Poon Sai Keung. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1978. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 92-94).
3

Effet du manganèse sur l'épitaxie par jets moléculaires de nanofils de silicium et de germanium et fonctionnalisation de nanofils de germanium en vue d'applications en spintronique / Effect of manganese on the growth of silicon and germanium nanowires by molecular beam epitaxy and functionalization of germanium nanowires for spintronic applications

Porret, Clément 08 September 2011 (has links)
Ce mémoire présente une étude de la synthèse par la méthode Vapeur-Liquide-Solide (VLS) de nanofils de silicium et de germanium par Epitaxie par Jets Moléculaires ainsi que de l'effet de la présence de manganèse sur leur croissance. La croissance des nanofils est fortement modifiée par la présence de manganèse. Les nanofils de silicium élaborés sous un faible flux de manganèse présentent des propriétés morphologiques et structurales remarquables. La présence de manganèse modifie le diamètre d'équilibre des gouttes AuSi utilisées pour la croissance par voie VLS et permet l'élaboration de nanofils de silicium de longueurs élevées et de faibles diamètres. De plus, leur qualité cristalline est considérablement améliorée par rapport aux nanofils de silicium formés sans apport de manganèse. Dans ce mémoire nous proposons quelques explications à ce phénomène. Dans le cas des nanofils de germanium, l'incorporation de manganèse n'a pu être obtenue par codépôt. Aussi, (i) le dopage par implantation ionique de nanofils de germanium et (ii) la fonctionnalisation de nanofils de germanium par la formation d'hétérostructures type cœur/coquille Ge/GeMn ont été considérés : - les mesures d'aimantation effectuées sur des nanofils de germanium implantés au manganèse démontrent l'existence de propriétés ferromagnétiques avec des températures de Curie supérieures à 400K. Il s'agit d'un résultat très prometteur en vue d'applications utilisant des nanofils de germanium ferromagnétiques à température ambiante ; - pour accéder aux propriétés magnétiques des nanofils de germanium fonctionnalisés par dépôt de GeMn, nous avons mis au point une procédure de prises de contacts adaptée à la mesure de leurs propriétés de magnétotransport. Les caractéristiques électriques de ces dispositifs montrent que les propriétés de transport sont dominées par la présence de la couche coquille de GeMn, surtout à basse température. Des mesures de magnétotransport effectuées à 100K indiquent l'existence d'effets de magnétorésistance liés aux propriétés ferromagnétiques des nanofils de Ge ainsi fonctionnalisés. / This thesis presents a study of the Vapour-Liquid-Solid (VLS) synthesis of silicon and germanium nanowires by Molecular Beam Epitaxy and the effect of the presence of manganese on the growth properties. The presence of manganese strongly modifies the growth of nanowires and observed behaviours are very different for AuSi and AuGe systems. Silicon nanowires grown in the presence of manganese exhibit very interesting morphological and structural properties. The presence of manganese modifies AuSi droplets' diameter and allows manufacturing long nanowires with relatively small diameters. Moreover, the crystalline quality is dramatically improved as compared to that of silicon nanowires grown without manganese. In this manuscript we propose some explanation for the growth phenomena. In the case of germanium nanowires, manganese incorporation could not be obtained by concomitant deposition of germanium and manganese. Consequently, (i) the doping of germanium nanowires by ion implantation as well as (ii) germanium nanowires functionalization by core/shell Ge/GeMn heterostructures formation were considered: - magnetization measurements performed on implanted germanium nanowires demonstrate ferromagnetic properties with Curie temperatures above 400K. This result is very promising for the processing of devices using room-temperature ferromagnetic germanium nanowires ; - in order to access Ge/GeMn nanowires magnetic properties, we processed samples to probe nanowires magnetotransport properties. Electrical resistivities of devices show that transport properties are dominated by GeMn shell layer even more at low temperature. Magnetotransport measurements done at 100K indicate magnetoresistance effects linked with nanowires ferromagnetic properties.

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