This thesis deals with research of interest in reverse mortgage in the Czech Republic. There is a large number of households within the population in the Czech Republic that owns their own home and still has difficulty paying the cost of securing basic household needs. The status of these people is getting worse with age. Current pension systems are unable to replace the income that people have reached in their working age. Responding to the needs of this target group is a reverse mortgage, which uses the capital stored in real estate designed to house seniors, thereby ensuring retirement.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-09-21T12:28:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Cláudia Campestrini Pinto.pdf: 1332756 bytes, checksum: aa9b238c90252bc588c480d977607f8a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-21T12:28:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cláudia Campestrini Pinto.pdf: 1332756 bytes, checksum: aa9b238c90252bc588c480d977607f8a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-12 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The twenty-first century demographic revolution signals the rapid aging process in the world, revealing a historical milestone in contemporary society that is the Longevity Revolution, making existing notions of old age and retirement rethought, with increased life expectancy. An elderly population presents social and economic challenges, with systematic and endogenous changes in economic behavior, specially on savings. This scenario requires adjustments and reforms in social security and stimulus in pension funds helping people to a more balanced financial situation throughout the life, generating welfare of the families. The objective of this research was to outline the scientific approaches to aging in Brazil, identifying in these approaches the intention of collaborating with the definitions of public policies in the scope of social security and pension funds. The method used was the bibliographic review called "state of the art" of the retrospective and secondary type. With the definition of the descriptors the research was carried out in theses and dissertations published during the last 10 years (2006 to 2016). In the qualitative analysis, it was observed that the need for reforms and adjustments in social security and the importance of fostering complementary social security as a long-term savings instrument provides social welfare for families and contributes, above all, to the country's development. It is concluded that aging engenders great human development and challenges in the elaboration of public policies in diverse areas, mainly creates opportunities in new products and services. Facing challenges in a provident way will allow the aging of people with dignity and security in a comprehensive social transformation of contemporary society / A revolução demográfica do século XXI sinaliza o rápido processo de envelhecimento no mundo, revelando um marco histórico na sociedade contemporânea que é a Revolução da Longevidade, fazendo com que as noções existentes de velhice e de aposentadoria sejam repensadas, com o aumento da expectativa de vida. Uma população idosa apresenta desafios sociais e econômicos, com mudanças sistemáticas e endógenas no comportamento econômico, especialmente sobre a poupança. Este cenário requer ajustes e reformas na previdência social e estímulo na previdência complementar auxiliando as pessoas para uma situação financeira mais equilibrada ao longo da vida, gerando bem-estar das famílias. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi delinear as abordagens cientifícas do envelhecimento no Brasil, identificando nessas abordagens a intenção de colaborar com as definições de políticas públicas no âmbito da previdência social e da previdência complementar. O método utilizado foi o de revisão bibliográfica denominada “estada da arte” do tipo retrospectivo e secundário. Com a definição dos descritores a pesquisa foi realizada nas teses e dissertações publicadas dos últimos 10 anos (2006 a 2016). Na análise qualitativa constatou-se que a necessidade de reformas e ajustes na previdência social e a importância do fomento da previdência complementar, como instrumento de poupança de longo prazo proporcionará bem-estar social para as famílias e contribui, sobretudo para o desenvolvimento do País. Conclui-se que o envelhecimento engendra grande desenvolvimento humano e desafios na elaboração de políticas públicas em diversas áreas, sobretudo cria oportunidades em novos produtos e serviços. Enfrentar os desafios de forma previdente permitirá o envelhecimento das pessoas com dignidade e segurança numa abrangente transformação social da sociedade contemporânea

The aim of the paper is to analyze changes in the attitude of governments and major political actors towards seniors as a specific social group; their interests, quality of life, and projected dignity. The paper describes political ideologies, retirement systems, and pension plans. It aims to capture the perceptions of the life needs and human dignity of seniors that underscore major decisions, and to explain how these perceptions have changed in the past decade. How sensivitity to basic ethical principles has evolved and how these principles have been permeated by purpose-rational expectations (political influence, economic prosperity). The paper tries to describe the prospects of applying ethical principles in current political practice in relation to seniors and to addressing their needs.

Retirement homes provide a versatile facilities and services to their clients not only to secure the basic needs of seniors but also to offer an opportunity to satisfy their secondary needs for instance by participating on social events. Such involvement of seniors is beneficial for themselves and also for the whole society too. Theoretical part of my dissertation is focused on definition of the term participation, afterwards this term is put in relation to lives of seniors and their functioning in retirement homes. Next it also deals with recognizing the level of participation in an institution and what factors affect this level. Attention is directed on clients themselves during this process, how do they perceive participation, what barriers they see and on the other hand what opportunities motivate them to participate in social events. The main part of my work is dedicated to empirical research in the organization "Domov pro seniory Slunečnice" (Retirement Home Sunflower) where above mentioned topics are analy zed.