Submitted by (edna.saturno@ufrpe.br) on 2016-10-20T16:38:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Natalia Matos Souza.pdf: 205714 bytes, checksum: 59b167a505e1216282eec9736dde0f7d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-20T16:38:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Natalia Matos Souza.pdf: 205714 bytes, checksum: 59b167a505e1216282eec9736dde0f7d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-20 / This study was aimed to research Leptospira spp agglutinins in horses in the region of the forest area and Fernando de Noronha island in the state of Pernambuco; identifying highest areas of leptospirosis incidence; identifying the serovars that occur more frequently in the studied areas; relating clinical signs with the agglutinins presence in blood serum of equines; observing the reproductive disorders connection with the agglutinins presence in the equines blood serum; relating the presence of rodents and seropositive animals; observing the occurrence of anti leptospiras antibodies at different age groups. It was collected blood from 328 equines of both genders, aging beyound 6 months. After material centrifugation the serum was analyzed by LANAGRO/PE through the microscopic agglutination test. Of the 328 collected samples were found 84 reagents animals in the microscopic agglutination test for leptospirosis. Among which 12 (1.5%) foals, 20 (25.64%) young, 42 (31.11%) adults and 10 (28.57%) senile. Of the 84 reagents animals 69.04% (58) are female and 30.95% (26) are male; 3.75% (3) are Campolina, 2,3% (2) are mestizos, 37,71% (30) are of the breed Quarter horse and 58,33% (49) are Mangalarga Marchador. Among the studied counties Aldeia stood out to present the highest percentage of reagent animals with 32,31% (65) subsequently Pombos with 28,2% (22), Palmares with 23,81% (5), Bonanza with 22,36% (17), Paudalho with 22% (11) and finally Escada with 14,3%(4). The only studied county that did not present any reagent animal was Itambé. Among the 27 researched serovars by the microscopic seroagglutination test for Leptospirosis diagnostic, 10 were found in reagent animals, which, in order of occurrence Icterohaemorrhagiae (58), Shermani (26), Panama (15), Copenhageni (10), Batavie (3), Hardjo (2), Australis (1), Pyrogenes (1), Cynopteri (1) e Canicola (1). In this study 3 of 16 analyzed samples, 10 were considered reagent and 6 were considered non-reagent. 62,5% of samples were positives to the serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae, 37,7% were considered positive to serovar Copenhageni. Realizing this study it’s possible to conclude that leptospirosis in equines occurs in endemic way at the studied area, considering that of 328 analyzed samples 84 (25,62%) were positives to the test. The presence of rodents was very important to the appearance of condition as proved how it was related in all visited property. From this study it was possiblited trace an epidemiologic profile of the leptospirosis in equines belonging to Zona da Mata and Fernando de Noronha island of the state of Pernambuco. Knowing the risk factors involving this condition and which may be useful to treat and prevent, however it’s still needed a extensive study to determinate the reason of the occurrence of certain serovars in some studied regions. / Objetivou-se com esse trabalho realizar uma pesquisa de aglutininas anti Leptospira spp em equinos na região da zona da mata e ilha de Fernando de Noronha no Estado de Pernambuco; identificar áreas de maior ocorrência da leptospirose; identificar os sorovares que ocorrem com maior frequência nas áreas estudadas; relacionar os sinais clínicos com a presença de aglutininas no soro sanguíneo dos equinos; relacionar a presença de roedores com a presença de animais soropositivos; observar a ocorrência de anticorpos anti leptospiras nas diferentes faixas etárias. Coletou-se sangue de 328 equinos de ambos os sexos, com idade a partir dos seis meses. Após centrifugação do sangue o soro foi analisado pelo teste de soro aglutinação microscópica, com ponto de corte na diluição de 1:100. Das 328 amostras examinadas constatou-se que 84 (25,6%) animais foram reagentes para aglutinação anti-Leptospira spp. Dentre os quais 12 (1,5%) potros, 20 (25,64%) jovens, 42 (31,11%) adultos e 10 (28,57%) senis. Dos 84 animais reagentes 69,04% (58) são fêmeas e 30,95% (26) são machos; 3,57% (3) são da raça Campolina, 2,3% (2) são mestiços, 35,71% (30) são da raça Quarto de Milha e 58,33% (49) são da Raça Mangalarga Marchador. Dentre as regiões estudadas Aldeia se destacou por apresentar o maior percentual de animais reagentes, com 32,31% (65), em seguida Pombos com 28,2% (22), Palmares com 23,81% (5), Bonanza 22,36% (17), Paudalho 22% (11) e por fim, Escada com 14,3% (4). Dentre os 27 sorovares pesquisados 10 foram mais prevalentes, em ordem de maior ocorrência, Icterohaemorrhagiae (58), Shermani (26), Panama (15), Copenhageni (10), Batavie (3), Hardjo (2), Australis (1), Pyrogenes (1), Cynopteri (1) e Canicola (1). Na ilha de Fernando de Noronha das 16 amostras analisadas 10 foram consideradas reagentes e 6 foram consideradas não reagentes. Considerando os sorovares mais prevalentes 62,5% das amostras foram positivas para o sorovar Icterohaemorrhagiae, 37,5% foram positivas para o sorovar Copenhageni. Com a realização desse estudo foi possível concluir que a leptospirose na espécie equina ocorre de forma endêmica nas áreas estudadas. Acredita-se que a presença de roedores foi importante no aparecimento da afecção haja vista que foi relatada sua presença em todas as propriedades visitadas, todavia necessita-se de maiores estudos para verificar a participação destes animais na transmissão da leptospirose aos equinos. A partir desse trabalho pode-se traçar um perfil soro epidemiológico da leptospirose em equinos na Zona da Mata e na ilha de Fernando de Noronha no Estado de Pernambuco, que pode ser útil para realização de tratamento e da prevenção desta enfermidade, todavia, ainda é preciso estudos mais aprofundados para determinarmos o porque da ocorrência de determinados sorovares em algumas regiões estudadas.

Leptospirosis is a disease of global importance with a changing epidemiology in both humans and animals. It is also a significant zoonosis particularly in the developing world. To date there is limited knowledge of the incidence of leptospirosis in dogs in South Africa. This study was undertaken on a subset of dogs in South Africa to determine the presence of leptospiral antibodies to serovars known to infect dogs. Serum samples from both stray and owned dogs from various parts of South Africa were collected and tested against fifteen serovars of Leptospira. Five hundred and thirty samples were tested and twenty-five tested positive to seven different serovars. Nine of the 25 samples tested positive to more than one serovar. The two serovars that were most frequently represented were L. Canicola, which reacted to seventeen sera, and L. Pyrogenes, which reacted to nine sera in all. Currently the only vaccines available in South Africa in different combinations contain either L. Canicola, L. Icterohaemorrhagiae, L. Pomona or L. Grippotyphosa. The results show that the use of vaccines containing L. Canicola is still justifiable in certain regions of the country. However, the presence of antibodies to L. Pyrogenes in several dogs indicates that there is a need to investigate for the presence of antibodies in a larger group of dogs. This would allow vaccine manufacturers to tailor the Leptospira antigens present in vaccines to include those that are prevalent in a particular region or country. Copyright / Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2009. / Veterinary Tropical Diseases / unrestricted