Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-02-16Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:38:33Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 safilho_og_me_botfmvz.pdf: 397598 bytes, checksum: 0e9355b1a827f8fbd4c7f30d646e8da6 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O primeiro ciclo estral pós-parto dura, geralmente, menos que oito dias devido à regressão prematura do corpo lúteo e resulta em baixas taxas de concepção. O objetivo deste experimento foi avaliar o efeito de tratamentos com progesterona e 17ß-estradiol antes da indução da ovulação na incidência de luteólise prematura em vacas Nelore em anestro. Cento e quatorze vacas Nelore em anestro (avaliadas por dois exames ultrassonográficos oito dias aparte; 25 a 65 dias pós-parto) foram aleatoriamente designadas a receber um dos quatro tratamentos (delineamento fatorial 2x2): Grupo Controle - Remoção de bezerros (RB) por 54 horas e injeção i.m. de 1 mL de óleo de caroço de algodão (placebo) 48 horas após o início da RB; Grupo E2 - RB por 54 horas e injeção i.m. de 1 mg de 17ß-estradiol 48 horas após o início da RB; Grupo P4 - Dispositivo intravaginal de progesterona por seis dias seguido por RB (54 horas) e injeção de placebo 48 horas após o início da RB; Grupo P4+E2 - Dispositivo intravaginal de progesterona por seis dias seguido por RB (54 horas) e injeção i.m. de 1 mg de 17ß-estradiol 48 horas após o início da RB. Ao final da RB, todas as vacas receberam uma injeção i.m. de 100 æg de GnRH, sendo esse momento considerado o dia 0 do ciclo estral sincronizado. A ovulação foi avaliada por exames ultrassonográficos nos dias 0 e 2 e somente as vacas que ovularam foram utilizadas no estudo (Controle: n=23; E2: n=25; P4: n=19; P4+E2: n=18). As concentrações séricas de progesterona foram avaliadas por radioimunoensaio em amostras de sangue colhidas nos dias 0, 5, 7, 9, 12, 15 e 19 para avaliação da função luteal... / The length of first post-partum estrous cycle is often lesser than eight days due to premature luteolysis and results in low conception rates. The aim of this trial was to evaluate the effect of treatment with progesterone and/or exogenous 17ß-estradiol prior to induction of ovulation on incidence of short cycles in anestrous Nelore cows. Anestrous Nelore cows (evaluated by two ultrasound exams eight days apart; n=114; 25-65 days post-partum) were randomly assigned to receive either one of the following treatments (2x2 factorial design): Control Group - Calf removal (CR) for 54 hours and 1 mL i.m. cottonseed oil injection (placebo) 48 hours after beginning of CR; E2 Group - CR for 54 hours and 1 mg i.m. 17ß-estradiol injection 48 hours after beginning of CR; P4 Group - Intravaginal progesterone device for six days followed by CR (54 hours) and placebo injection 48 hours after beginning of CR; P4+E2 Group - Intravaginal progesterone device for 6 days followed by CR (54 hours) and 1 mg i.m. 17ß-estradiol injection 48 hours after beginning of CR. At end of CR (day 0), all cows received an 100 æg i.m. GnRH injection. Ovulation was evaluated by ultrasound exams on days 0 and 2 and only cows ovulating were used on this study (Control: n=23; E2: n=25; P4: n=19; P4+E2: n=18). Blood samples were collected on days 0, 5, 7, 9, 12, 15 e 19 for evaluation of corpus luteum lifespan, through progesterone analysis by radioimmunoassay. Binomial data were analyzed by logistic regression (PROC LOGISTIC) and continuous data by PROC MIXED of SAS. For all treatments, serum progesterone concentrations were higher on day 5 than on day 0 (P<0.01), but there was no effect of treatments on serum progesterone concentrations on days 0 and 5 (P>0.1)...(Complete abstract, access undermentioned electronic address)

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Thesis (Ed. D.)--Miami University, Dept. of Educational Leadership, 2006. / Title from second page of PDF document. Includes bibliographical references (p. 72-77).

Orientador: José Luiz Moraes Vasconcelos / Banca: José Buratini Junior / Banca: Mario Binelli / Resumo: O primeiro ciclo estral pós-parto dura, geralmente, menos que oito dias devido à regressão prematura do corpo lúteo e resulta em baixas taxas de concepção. O objetivo deste experimento foi avaliar o efeito de tratamentos com progesterona e 17ß-estradiol antes da indução da ovulação na incidência de luteólise prematura em vacas Nelore em anestro. Cento e quatorze vacas Nelore em anestro (avaliadas por dois exames ultrassonográficos oito dias aparte; 25 a 65 dias pós-parto) foram aleatoriamente designadas a receber um dos quatro tratamentos (delineamento fatorial 2x2): Grupo Controle - Remoção de bezerros (RB) por 54 horas e injeção i.m. de 1 mL de óleo de caroço de algodão (placebo) 48 horas após o início da RB; Grupo E2 - RB por 54 horas e injeção i.m. de 1 mg de 17ß-estradiol 48 horas após o início da RB; Grupo P4 - Dispositivo intravaginal de progesterona por seis dias seguido por RB (54 horas) e injeção de placebo 48 horas após o início da RB; Grupo P4+E2 - Dispositivo intravaginal de progesterona por seis dias seguido por RB (54 horas) e injeção i.m. de 1 mg de 17ß-estradiol 48 horas após o início da RB. Ao final da RB, todas as vacas receberam uma injeção i.m. de 100 æg de GnRH, sendo esse momento considerado o dia 0 do ciclo estral sincronizado. A ovulação foi avaliada por exames ultrassonográficos nos dias 0 e 2 e somente as vacas que ovularam foram utilizadas no estudo (Controle: n=23; E2: n=25; P4: n=19; P4+E2: n=18). As concentrações séricas de progesterona foram avaliadas por radioimunoensaio em amostras de sangue colhidas nos dias 0, 5, 7, 9, 12, 15 e 19 para avaliação da função luteal...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The length of first post-partum estrous cycle is often lesser than eight days due to premature luteolysis and results in low conception rates. The aim of this trial was to evaluate the effect of treatment with progesterone and/or exogenous 17ß-estradiol prior to induction of ovulation on incidence of short cycles in anestrous Nelore cows. Anestrous Nelore cows (evaluated by two ultrasound exams eight days apart; n=114; 25-65 days post-partum) were randomly assigned to receive either one of the following treatments (2x2 factorial design): Control Group - Calf removal (CR) for 54 hours and 1 mL i.m. cottonseed oil injection (placebo) 48 hours after beginning of CR; E2 Group - CR for 54 hours and 1 mg i.m. 17ß-estradiol injection 48 hours after beginning of CR; P4 Group - Intravaginal progesterone device for six days followed by CR (54 hours) and placebo injection 48 hours after beginning of CR; P4+E2 Group - Intravaginal progesterone device for 6 days followed by CR (54 hours) and 1 mg i.m. 17ß-estradiol injection 48 hours after beginning of CR. At end of CR (day 0), all cows received an 100 æg i.m. GnRH injection. Ovulation was evaluated by ultrasound exams on days 0 and 2 and only cows ovulating were used on this study (Control: n=23; E2: n=25; P4: n=19; P4+E2: n=18). Blood samples were collected on days 0, 5, 7, 9, 12, 15 e 19 for evaluation of corpus luteum lifespan, through progesterone analysis by radioimmunoassay. Binomial data were analyzed by logistic regression (PROC LOGISTIC) and continuous data by PROC MIXED of SAS. For all treatments, serum progesterone concentrations were higher on day 5 than on day 0 (P<0.01), but there was no effect of treatments on serum progesterone concentrations on days 0 and 5 (P>0.1)...(Complete abstract, access undermentioned electronic address) / Mestre

A single case study was used to examine two middle grades mathematics teachers' use of short-cycle formative assessment strategies. Data was collected using multiple sources to provide a description of this single case. Participant change in knowledge of short-cycle formative assessment strategies was collected and analyzed through participant pre- and post-interviews and targeted instructional support was provided through professional development sessions designed to meet diverse needs of participants. Participant change in use of short-cycle formative assessment strategies was collected and analyzed through classroom observations using Assess Today observation protocol and targeted instructional support was provided through post-observation conferences with written feedback. Findings from the study verified that changes in teachers' use of short-cycle formative assessment strategies were positively influenced by the targeted instructional support provided to each participant during the study. The study further indicated that an assessment of teacher's present knowledge and use of short-cycle formative assessment strategies should be considered before providing targeted instructional support to maximize the learning potential for each teacher. Future research is needed regarding the importance of building student self-efficacy through teacher use of short-cycle formative assessment, as well as the importance of involving students in the formative assessment process.

We investigate into the limitations of the sum-product algorithm for binary low density parity check (LDPC) codes having isolated short cycles. Independence assumption among messages passed, assumed reasonable in all configurations of graphs, fails the most in graphical structures with short cycles. This research work is a step forward towards understanding the effect of short cycles on error floors of the sum-product algorithm. We propose a modified sum-product algorithm by considering the statistical dependency of the messages passed in a cycle of length 4. We also formulate a modified algorithm in the log domain which eliminates the numerical instability and precision issues associated with the probability domain. Simulation results show a signal to noise ratio (SNR) improvement for the modified sum-product algorithm compared to the original algorithm. This suggests that dependency among messages improves the decisions and successfully mitigates the effects of length-4 cycles in the Tanner graph. The improvement is significant at high SNR region, suggesting a possible cause to the error floor effects on such graphs. Using density evolution techniques, we analysed the modified decoding algorithm. The threshold computed for the modified algorithm is higher than the threshold computed for the sum-product algorithm, validating the observed simulation results. We also prove that the conditional entropy of a codeword given the estimate obtained using the modified algorithm is lower compared to using the original sum-product algorithm.