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Malay seal inscriptions : a study in Islamic epigraphy from Southeast AsiaGallop, Annabel Teh January 2002 (has links)
Malay seals are defined in this study as 'seals from Southeast Asia with inscriptions at least partially in the Jawi/Arabic script or the Malay language'. Malay seals originate from the present-day territories of Malaysia, Brunei, Singapore, Indonesia and the southern parts of Thailand and the Philippines. They are found primarily as seal impressions stamped in lampblack, ink or wax on manuscript letters, treaties and other documents, but some seal matrices have also been documented. Just over 1500 Malay seals have been recorded, dating from the early 17th to the early 20th century, and are presented in the accompanying catalogue. Malay seals have never been studied before, despite their enormous value as historical sources, and this thesis is the first study of the sigillography of the Malay world. As small but highly visible and symbolic emblems of their users, seals were designed to portray the image of the self that the sealholder wished to project, but were also no less strongly shaped by the prevailing social, political, religious and artistic norms of their time. It is these multifarious layers of identity, both consciously and subconsciously revealed in seals, that this study attempts to identify, record and interpret. An introductory chapter surveys the use of seals in the Malay world prior to the earliest surviving Malay seals, on the basis of archaeological evidence and textual sources. The core of the thesis is a critical analysis of the seal inscriptions according to their constituent elements: introductory formulae, names and titles, pedigrees, place namesireligious legends and talismanic elements. On the basis of this study, Malay seal inscriptions can be characterised as self-consciously Islamic compositions, which seek to depict the sealholder in the most sophisticated and formal Arabic-Islamic terms, yet whose Malay identity is never in doubt. In an epilogue, the seals are re-evaluated from a chronological viewpoint, in an investigation into the origins and development of the Malay seal tradition. The conclusion reached is that Malay seals were probably first used in the early Muslim kingdoms of north Sumatra, at least by the 14th century, but may have been introduced further east in the archipelago as late as the early 17th century.
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Feliciter ! Des royaumes mérovingiens aux royaumes d'Orient : recherche sur les élites et les modes d'expression du pouvoir au Moyen Âge. / Feliciter ! From Merovingian to Eastern Kingdoms : research on elites and ways of expressing power during Middle AgesNielen, Marie-Adélaïde 14 January 2019 (has links)
La présente thèse entend rendre compte d’un parcours de recherche entrepris il y a près de trente ans. Ces recherches ont connu divers développements pour lesquels une ligne conductrice peut cependant être dégagée : elles ont toutes trait à l’histoire des élites médiévales.Un premier axe concerne les enquêtes sur la société féodale de l’Orient latin. L’édition d’un texte généalogique, Les Lignages d’Outremer, a été le point de départ d’une série de publications sur ces familles, complétées par celle d’un récit de pèlerinage aux Lieux saints.Le second axe a pour objet la sigillographie. Le présent travail expose d’abord les travaux réalisés sur la sigillographie des reines et des enfants de France au Moyen Âge. L’autre volet de cette thématique a trait à la sigillographie des rois et empereurs des périodes mérovingienne et carolingienne, étude entreprise grâce à l’examen des 250 diplômes royaux conservés aux Archives nationales. À l’origine de ces publications, il y a une étonnante découverte, celle de la présence de cheveux humains dans les sceaux, pour laquelle nous tentons de trouver une explication, dans les diverses parties de ce travail et en particulier dans le mémoire De Anolo, joint au dossier.Enfin, un troisième axe est consacré à la pratique professionnelle que j’ai pu développer en tant que conservateur d’Archives. Les travaux proposés ici sont alors le témoignage des missions que j’ai pu exercer : au-delà de la publication d’instruments de recherche, une large place est faite aux problématiques de conservation préventive. / This thesis presents the results of research conducted over the past thirty years on the history of medieval elites. The thesis focuses on two major topics. The first is the society of the Latin East. Publication of a genealogical text, Les lignages d’Outremer, has been followed by a series of studies of the noble families of the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem and an edition of an account of a pilgrimage to the Holy Land. The second area is royal sigillography. Studies of the seals of medieval French queens and their children constitute one facet of this research, whereas examination of the seals found on 250 diplomas in the Archives nationales has facilitated exploration of the seals of Merovingian and Carolingian kings and emperors. The discovery of human hair in the seals has prompted the search for possible explanations of this phenomenon, which are proposed and discussed in different parts of the dossier, particularly in an appendix, "De anolo." An additional, supplementary part of my work has focused on the conservation of seals and the development of methods to prevent their deterioration.
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