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Esta tesis estudia el gag visual en tanto que imagen en movimiento, analizando sus formas, modelos y funciones esenciales. Se parte de una serie de ejemplos clave del cine mudo y el slapstick para rastrear su evolución a lo largo de la historia del cine y sus prolongaciones en medios audiovisuales como la televisión y el videojuego. El estudio se centra en las tres grandes dimensiones de construcción formal del gag, tiempo, espacio y movimiento; ligando esos tres registros formales a tres funciones límite: narración, juego y sentido. La investigación confirma el papel del gag como una de las formas de resistencia visual más poderosas de la cultura contemporánea, que cuestiona valores narrativos y simbólicos a través de la posibilidad cómica. / This thesis studies the visual gag as moving image, analyzing its essential patterns, forms and functions. A series of key silent film and slapstick examples are located in order to examine their evolution throughout film history and their extensions in other media like television and video games. The research focuses on three main dimensions of the gag’s formal construction, time, space and movement; three formal scopes that lead to three functional limits: narration, gameplay and sense. The thesis confirms the essential role of the gag as one of the most powerful forms of visual resistance in contemporary culture, that questions narrative and symbolic values through comic possibilities.

The History of Horn Playing in Los Angeles from 1920 to 1970 begins with the horn players who played in the silent film orchestras and the Alfred Brain's tenure with the Los Angeles Philharmonc. This study details the introduction of sound tracks, the early studio orchestras, the contact studio orchestras, the musician union's role in structuring the work environment, the horn players who played in both the Los Angeles Philharmonicand the studios, major figures from the subsequent freelance perios such as Vincent de Rosa, and the local and international influence of the Los Angeles Horn Club.

Polygamy was the key issue which acted to popularize opposition to the Latter-day Saint Church during the years 1905-1936. As a result of the continuing controversy over the so-called "Mormon Question," secular moviemakers in this period planned or actually produced nearly forty motion pictures containing Mormon characterizations. Although several important pro-LDS movies were made (some with Church assistance), the anti-Mormon photoplay dominated the silent film era portrait of the Saints. Murder and polygamy as basic themes provide clear reference to traditional literary and theatrical images. Early attempts by Utah and Church officials to censor the offending pictures were unsuccessful. Following World War I, U. S. Senator Reed Smoot was able to effect the suppression of a number of anti-Mormon productions. After the Church reaffirmed its plural marriage ban in the mid-1920s, the anti-polygamy movement died out. As the polemical film aimed at the Church was abandoned, the Saints gradually took on a more favorable screen image.

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The influence of new media on theatrical practice over the past fifty years has spurred a movement towards theatrical forms which are increasingly organized around the sensory elements of performance. This change is most noticeable in the visual approaches to theatre, and it has produced what I have labeled a theatre of visuality. This thesis argues that the tendencies for visualization found in visual media have extensively marked the performance strategies of contemporary theatre practice, resulting in a shift away from the logocentric dramatic text and towards theatre performance organized around the visual. Looking at four contemporary productions of Georg Buchner’s Woyzeck –Thomas Ostermeier’s Woyzeck (2005), Vesturport’s Woyzeck (2005), Robert Wilson’s Woyzeck (2000), and Josef Nadj’s Woyzeck ou l’Ébauche du Vertige (1994)– this thesis produces a preliminary typology of four distinct visualities/theatrical forms which make up the theatre of visuality: hyperrealism, synesthesia, superficiality, and visual narration. This thesis contributes to the conceptualization and understanding of postdramatic theatre by linking the theatre’s rejection of the text to the increased centrality of the visual in performance, and by tracing these shifts to the influence of visual media.

The influence of new media on theatrical practice over the past fifty years has spurred a movement towards theatrical forms which are increasingly organized around the sensory elements of performance. This change is most noticeable in the visual approaches to theatre, and it has produced what I have labeled a theatre of visuality. This thesis argues that the tendencies for visualization found in visual media have extensively marked the performance strategies of contemporary theatre practice, resulting in a shift away from the logocentric dramatic text and towards theatre performance organized around the visual. Looking at four contemporary productions of Georg Buchner’s Woyzeck –Thomas Ostermeier’s Woyzeck (2005), Vesturport’s Woyzeck (2005), Robert Wilson’s Woyzeck (2000), and Josef Nadj’s Woyzeck ou l’Ébauche du Vertige (1994)– this thesis produces a preliminary typology of four distinct visualities/theatrical forms which make up the theatre of visuality: hyperrealism, synesthesia, superficiality, and visual narration. This thesis contributes to the conceptualization and understanding of postdramatic theatre by linking the theatre’s rejection of the text to the increased centrality of the visual in performance, and by tracing these shifts to the influence of visual media.

Les premiers films chinois sont des documentaires de l’opéras traditionnels. Le langage cinématographique dans le cinéma chinois est née avec Tragédie de l’opium de 1916. L’industrie du cinéma a été fondée dans les années vingt avec la naissance de nombreux studios et avec une production débordante de long-métrage qui est très proche des films hollywoodiens. Le cinéma muet chinois est toujours présent dans les années trente. La mise en scène manifeste une conception cinématographique moderne en gardant la continuité de l’espace-temps. Dans l’utilisation du mouvement de caméra, SUN Yu garde une conception d’espace-temps rationaliste occidentale, tandis que FEI Mu respecte la fluidité d'image. Il y a trois styles principaux des cinéastes du muet : le "théâtre filmée", le modèle hollywoodien chinois et l’école de l’esthétique traditionnelle. La "tradition" du cinéma chinois n’est pas bien formée à l’époque du muet, pourtant elle est une tendance remarquable. Elle devient dans le début des années quarante avec le film parlant une conception générale de l’esthétique cinématographique qui est différente du cinéma d’autres pays. Elle se caractérise, par l’intégralité du plan avec l’utilisation fréquente du plan-séquence et le travelling continue. Cette esthétique cinématographique est influencée profondément par l’opéra traditionnel et la peinture chinoise, qui manifeste l’esprit de l’esthétique chinoise traditionnelle. La "tradition" du cinéma chinois se continue dans les films chinois d’aujourd’hui, pourtant, elle se trouve plutôt dans les films d’art. / The earliest film in China was the documentary of Chinese opera. It was the first time that the film language appeared in Victims of Opium of 1916. In the 1920s, the Chinese film industry came into being, building up many film studios and producing a quantity of Hollywood style feature films. The production of Chinese silent films had never stopped until the 1930s, when the concept of mise en scène had begun to pay attention to the continuity of time and space, showing the concept of modern film. As for the motion photography, the rational concepts of time and space in the West have been revealed in SUN Yu’s films while FEI Mu has created the implicit images by using motion photography. Thus, in the 1930s, there were three major types of film aesthetic tendencies: the dramatic films, Hollywood-style films and the films with Chinese traditional aesthetic tendency. In the silent era of films, the tradition had become the apparent aesthetic tendency in Chinese films, but it hadn’t developed into the mature film style. Not until the beginning of the 1940s of sound films had this tendency become a distinct national characteristic, which were keeping the integrity of single shot, frequently using le plan-séquence and ongoing motion photography. Chinese traditional opera and paintings have great influence on this film aesthetics, which shows Chinese traditional aesthetics revealed in the film art. The tradition in Chinese films has also been shown in today’s Chinese films; however, it is a style of the art film rather than the film aesthetics of those hot commercial films.

The influence of new media on theatrical practice over the past fifty years has spurred a movement towards theatrical forms which are increasingly organized around the sensory elements of performance. This change is most noticeable in the visual approaches to theatre, and it has produced what I have labeled a theatre of visuality. This thesis argues that the tendencies for visualization found in visual media have extensively marked the performance strategies of contemporary theatre practice, resulting in a shift away from the logocentric dramatic text and towards theatre performance organized around the visual. Looking at four contemporary productions of Georg Buchner’s Woyzeck –Thomas Ostermeier’s Woyzeck (2005), Vesturport’s Woyzeck (2005), Robert Wilson’s Woyzeck (2000), and Josef Nadj’s Woyzeck ou l’Ébauche du Vertige (1994)– this thesis produces a preliminary typology of four distinct visualities/theatrical forms which make up the theatre of visuality: hyperrealism, synesthesia, superficiality, and visual narration. This thesis contributes to the conceptualization and understanding of postdramatic theatre by linking the theatre’s rejection of the text to the increased centrality of the visual in performance, and by tracing these shifts to the influence of visual media.

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