Forging is a metal forming process which involves non-linear deformations. Finite element and finite volume software programs are commonly used to simulate the process. In these simulations, material properties are required. However, stress-strain relations of the materials at some elevated temperatures are not available in the material libraries of the related software programs. In this study, the stress-strain curves have been obtained by applying the Cook and Larke Simple Compression Test to AISI 1045 steel at several temperatures on a forging press with a capacity of 1000 tons. The stress-strain curves have also been determined by simulating the processes in a commercial finite element software. It is observed that experimental results are consistent with the numerical ones. A modular die set has been designed and manufactured to conduct the Cook and Larke Simple Compression Test. It has been shown that the forging press with data acquisition system can be used as a material testing equipment to obtain stress-strain curves.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-11T13:47:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 HELEN_MARINHO_PICANCO.pdf: 1695689 bytes, checksum: 6aff76ed83a5fe7c8effe2a87eed889f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-06-06 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The study in question presents an alternative to improve the technical characteristics of the clay soil representative of the city of Manaus, the addition of waste from the production of ceramic bricks, from the potteries of Iranduba - Amazonas. Therefore we performed: a) characterization of natural soil and crushed ceramic waste, encompassing particle size analysis, Atterberg limits, density of solids compaction test and b) soil mineralogical characterization of natural and ceramic waste through analysis by diffraction x-ray (XRD), and c) evaluate the mechanical behavior of natural soil sample and soil-aggregate mixture through the trials Simple compressive Strength (RCS) module and Resilience (MR). The results regarding the soil-residue mixture showed that (a) the larger the particle size the greater the residue compressive strength of the mixture, (b) the addition of industrial byproduct tends to soil generally, to reduce the modulus of resilience of mixture, (c) the soilceramic waste showed satisfactory results regarding the mechanical performance, allusive to natural soil, (d) considering the large amount of waste generated currently in production of ceramic bricks, one can conclude that this residue has potential as aggregate alternative in improving soils with low bearing capacity. / O trabalho em pauta apresenta uma alternativa de melhoramento das características técnicas do solo argiloso representativo da cidade de Manaus, pela adição de resíduos da produção de tijolo cerâmico, oriundos das olarias de Iranduba-Amazonas. Para tanto foi realizada: a) caracterização do solo natural e do resíduo cerâmico moído, englobando análise granulométrica, limites de consistência, massa específica dos sólidos e ensaio de compactação; b) caracterização mineralógica do solo natural e do resíduo cerâmico mediante análise por difratometria de raios x e c) avaliação do comportamento mecânico da amostra de solo natural e da mistura solo-agregado, por meio dos ensaios de Resistência à Compressão Simples (RCS) e Módulo de Resiliência (MR). Os resultados referentes à mistura solo-resíduo mostraram que (a) quanto maior a granulometria do resíduo maior é Resistência à Compressão Simples da mistura; (b) o acréscimo do subproduto industrial ao solo tende, em geral, a reduzir o Módulo de Resiliência da mistura; (c) as misturas solo-resíduo cerâmico apresentaram resultado satisfatório quanto ao desempenho mecânico, alusivo ao solo natural; (d) considerando a grande quantidade de resíduos gerados atualmente na produção de tijolos cerâmicos, pode-se concluir que este resíduo apresenta potencial como agregado alternativo na melhoria de solos com baixa capacidade de suporte.

Esta tesis tiene como objetivo evaluar un método de reforzamiento propuesto en base a la incorporación de fibras de polipropileno con la finalidad de incrementar la resistencia y mejorar las características mecánicas del suelo arcilloso de Palian – Huancayo. La arcilla es un suelo cohesivo constituido por partículas finas, estas características determinan la capacidad de deformación y compresión, además poseen baja resistencia al corte y a cargas. Debido a ello se busca reforzar y mejorar el comportamiento mecánico de la arcilla mediante métodos físicos y químicos. Esta investigación propone la adición fibras de polipropileno como método de reforzamiento para lo cual se analizó el suelo remoldeado con diferentes porcentajes de fibras adicionadas 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 y una longitud de fibra de 10 milímetros. Se realizaron ensayos de caracterización física para identificar el suelo natural remoldeado: granulometría por sedimentación, límites de consistencia y gravedad específica de los sólidos. Se sometió el suelo natural remoldeado y las mezclas con diferentes porcentajes de fibras a los siguientes ensayos de caracterización mecánica para determinar las variaciones en el comportamiento: ensayo de compactación estándar, ensayo de corte directo y ensayo de compresión simple. Los valores obtenidos mediante los ensayos realizados demostraron la mejora de las características mecánicas del suelo siendo la mezcla de 0.4% de fibras de polipropileno la que brinda un mejor resultado en comparación con las mezclas de menor proporción. / This thesis aims to evaluate a reinforcement method based on the incorporation of polypropylene fibers to increase the strength and improve the mechanical characteristics of Palian- Huancayo’s clay soil. Clay is a cohesive soil consisting of fine particles, these characteristics determine the capacity of deformation and compression, as well as low resistance to cutting and loads. Therefore, it seeks to strengthen and improve the mechanical behavior of clay through physical and chemical methods. This research proposes the addition of polypropylene fibers as reinforcement method for which the soil under study was analyzed with different percentages of fibers added 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and a fiber length of 10 millimeters. Physical characterization tests were carried out to identify the natural soil: granulometry by sedimentation, limits of consistency and specific gravity of the solids. The natural soil and the mixtures with different percentages of fibers were subjected to the following mechanical characterization tests to determine the variations in behavior: Standard compaction test, unconfined compression test, and shear direct test. The values obtained through the tests demonstrated the improvement of the mechanical characteristics of the soil being the mixture of 0.4% of polypropylene fibers the one that provides a better result compared to the mixtures of a lower proportion. / Tesis