Thesis--University of Oklahoma. / Bibliography: leaves 79-81.

This thesis has two aims, both related with simulation programs. The first one is to analyze the viability of using Factory I/O as a tool at the University of Gävle for teaching and understanding the PLCs and the ladder programing. The second one is do a 3D model of the robotics laboratory to use it with the KUKASim and after that find a method to transfer code from KUKASim to the actual robots.Factory I/O has been install and use with a Siemens PLC, which was programed in Siemens TIA Portal. The evaluation of the software as a teaching tool has been done according to a supposition of how much time could it take to an average bachelor degree student in automation to create a functional project. In order to determine that, a demo has been done, which consist on a process in where a box enters by a conveyor. There are two ruts for the box to exit, straight or to the left, and the direction is choose by moving a switcher in the PLC. After analyzing finishing the demo, it has been determinate that it could take around 4 hours to complete a functional project.For the KUKASim part, KUKASim was already installed. However, during the development of this project it was updated from 2.2 to 3.0.4 which caused a minor issues; the SketchUp model could not be imported to 2.2 version and by the time that the upgrade was made the 3D environment of the robotic laboratory was already made in KUKASim.On the other hand, the Office Lite software was needed to be installed in order to transfer the code from KUKASim to the real robots, but due to some license issues, the installation was done at the end period of the project. The connection of both software was not possible to make, still, during the time that Office Lite was not available, an alternative method to transfer the code was found. The program files were download from KUKASim and transfer to the robot with WorkVisual.The conclusion of the thesis is that Factory I/O could be used as a learning and teaching tool because is an easy program to work with. All the same, KUKASim is a multifunctional software, which has make it possible to achieve both of the purposes for corresponding part of the project.

Aging population is becoming a problem in a lot of countries, being Swedenone of them, and that is leading society to a lack of the necessary peopleto take care of all the elderly people. The CareIP device, an alarm systemfor the elderly people, with which they are able to ask for assistive help incase they need it, has been used all over Sweden for a while now. In thisthesis, a simulation model has been built in order to study how this caregiving system works in the specic case of Vaxjo. This model can be usedto simulate real situations and prevent certain problems as it could be thelack or excess of resources, long waiting times or unexpected increase on thenumber of alarms, which could lead to critical situations on a emergencyhealthcare system.

The diploma thesis deals with HIL simulation (hardware in the loop). The thesis contains a manipulator created in the virtual software V-REP. The connection of real inputs and virtual outputs of the machine is realized by the microcontroller Arduino UNO. The first task deals with the control of the manipulator using the joystick PS2. The second task is a separate control of the robot using an microcontroller Arduino UNO. The resulting connection can be modified in the furher and the interface modified. The work will be used for educational purposes.

Master's thesis focuses on the simulation engine transients. The model of single-cylinder engine was constructed in simulation software Lotus Engine Simulation. Then was made simulation of transients. The thesis try to describe the influence of moment of inertia of the engine, the engine starting speed and process of throttle opening during the transients. For all modes also compare two methods of fuel control.

Energy shortage, escalation of energy cost and climate change have led to an increased focus on energy conservation worldwide. In order to curb the increase in electricity demand, Eskom has introduced demand-side management (DSM) to improve energy efficiency and to shift peak-time load to off-peak periods in order to postpone additional capacity requirements. In the past, several mine DSM projects have been implemented without the use of system simulations as part of the analysis of project planning. Many of these projects are characterised by contractual energy saving targets that have not been met, projects that are delayed, potential energy savings projects that have been overlooked and additional savings that have not realised. This study demonstrates the potential of simulations to plan new and correct implemented DSM solutions. This is done by allowing analysis of energy consumption in complex technical systems and quantification of the savings potential of DSM interventions to inform design changes in order to attain energy savings. In applying simulations to a well-instrumented compressed air system, it was possible to compare the theoretical and measured values for system parameters. The simulation was fine-tuned for low-pressure operation (with the system operating well within design constraints) by incorporating estimated flow losses. By simulating high-pressure operation in which the system operates closer to design limits, the constraints that were experienced, were revealed. This application exemplifies the approach that has been adopted in the case studies to follow. The value of the use of simulation models for mine DSM projects Simulations that have been applied to four case studies demonstrate the use in improving existing DSM projects as well as in planning new DSM projects. Two case studies demonstrate the use of simulations in rectifying problems that have been encountered during the implementation of existing mine DSM projects. Simulations have been employed to propose corrections to these project implementations; this demonstrates significant value for the customer. In two additional case studies, the value of simulation models is demonstrated where simulations have been developed prior to the implementation of DSM projects. It demonstrates that projects can be implemented with less effort, in a shorter time span and at a reduced cost (both capital and man-hours) by using simulations in the planning phases of DSM projects. / Thesis (MIng (Mechanical Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.

Energy shortage, escalation of energy cost and climate change have led to an increased focus on energy conservation worldwide. In order to curb the increase in electricity demand, Eskom has introduced demand-side management (DSM) to improve energy efficiency and to shift peak-time load to off-peak periods in order to postpone additional capacity requirements. In the past, several mine DSM projects have been implemented without the use of system simulations as part of the analysis of project planning. Many of these projects are characterised by contractual energy saving targets that have not been met, projects that are delayed, potential energy savings projects that have been overlooked and additional savings that have not realised. This study demonstrates the potential of simulations to plan new and correct implemented DSM solutions. This is done by allowing analysis of energy consumption in complex technical systems and quantification of the savings potential of DSM interventions to inform design changes in order to attain energy savings. In applying simulations to a well-instrumented compressed air system, it was possible to compare the theoretical and measured values for system parameters. The simulation was fine-tuned for low-pressure operation (with the system operating well within design constraints) by incorporating estimated flow losses. By simulating high-pressure operation in which the system operates closer to design limits, the constraints that were experienced, were revealed. This application exemplifies the approach that has been adopted in the case studies to follow. The value of the use of simulation models for mine DSM projects Simulations that have been applied to four case studies demonstrate the use in improving existing DSM projects as well as in planning new DSM projects. Two case studies demonstrate the use of simulations in rectifying problems that have been encountered during the implementation of existing mine DSM projects. Simulations have been employed to propose corrections to these project implementations; this demonstrates significant value for the customer. In two additional case studies, the value of simulation models is demonstrated where simulations have been developed prior to the implementation of DSM projects. It demonstrates that projects can be implemented with less effort, in a shorter time span and at a reduced cost (both capital and man-hours) by using simulations in the planning phases of DSM projects. / Thesis (MIng (Mechanical Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.

The industrial sector accounts for almost 40 % of the Swedish energy use and in order to meet the EU’s 2020 targets, an efficient production of high quality and great finish goods are more and more in demand. Moreover, it is important to develop the activities with the lowest environmental impact possible.  The energy audit process is an effective tool to achieve it. Thus, in this document the energy audit of an industrial company, Automat Industrier in Gävle, Sweden, was carried out. The energy balance of the building and the potential energy efficiency measures were analyzed with the IDA ICE simulation. The proposed energy retrofitting was apropos of the building envelope, the lighting system, the ventilation system and the installation of a PV system on the roof of the building. The survey indicated that the potential energy savings of the company accounted for 62.5 % of the current electricity use and 48.8 % of the current DH use if all the proposed ameliorations were performed. The main promoter of the electricity savings is the installation of the PV system, with 85 % of influence. Almost 90 % of the DH savings are due to the measures in the ventilation system. Financially, these savings can reach the amounts of 531 597 SEK/year for electricity and 174 201 SEK/year for DH. Nevertheless, the ameliorations regarding the building envelope have very long payback periods. Thus, it was recommended to not pursue them. Fortunately, the energy efficiency measures providing the greatest savings’ payback periods are between 3.47 years and 10.22 years long. As they are independent from each other, the owner has the freedom to decide whether to apply them or not and when if so.

Aujourd’hui, la conception ne porte plus sur de simples objets, mais sur des systèmes complexes, sociotechniques et ouverts. Les systèmes de conduite de procédés font partie de ce type de systèmes, où les performances du système reposent sur l’optimisation conjointe des composantes humaines et techniques. Afin de limiter la détection d’erreur tardive, il devient alors important de pouvoir effectuer des tests tout au long de la conception, sans augmenter les coûts et les délais de conception. L’objectif de nos travaux est de faciliter l’intégration de techniques de vérification par simulation, dès le début de la conception, pour des systèmes de conduite de procédés de type gestion de fluide. Pour tenir compte du caractère adaptable du système et de son évolution dans un environnement dynamique, une première contribution porte sur la démarche de vérification, basée sur la formalisation et la contextualisation des propriétés à vérifier. Puis, afin de faciliter l’obtention des modèles de simulation du procédé nécessaires à la mise en œuvre des vérifications tout au long de la conception, nous proposons une approche de génération automatisée des modèles de simulation du procédé dans le langage Modelica (modélisation multi-domaine), à partir d’un schéma P&ID (représentation de l’architecture fonctionnelle du procédé) et d’une bibliothèque d’éléments (contenant les modèles de simulation des éléments). L’implémentation de cette approche dans le cadre du flot de conception automatisée de contrôle- commande d’Anaxagore permet d’apporter une preuve de concept et une preuve d’usage de nos propositions. / Nowadays, engineers have to design open, complex and sociotechnical systems. The process control systems belong to this class of systems, in which the system performance relies on the joint optimisation of technical components and human components. To avoid the late discovery of design errors, it is necessary to perform tests throughout the design without adding design costs and delays. The aim of this work is therefore to facilitate the integration of checking by simulation, from early design stage, for process control systems such as fluid management systems. Regarding the adaptable feature of the system and its evolution in a dynamic environment, a first contribution focusses on the verification approach, by modelling the requirements within the context. Then, to facilitate the obtaining of the process simulation models required for checking throughout the design, we propose an automatic generation approach of simulation models in Modelica language (multi-domain modelling), from a P&ID model (modelling of the functional architecture of the process) and a library of elements (containing the simulation models of elements). To provide a proof of concept and a proof of use of our proposals, this approach has been implemented into Anaxagore, an automated design flow for monitoring and control.

Abstract (eng): This diploma paper compares available software for simulations. These are MATLAB, WITNESS, SIMUL8, SIMPROCESS and CRYSTAL BALL. In the first part, the dynamic simulations are explained, its methodic, purpose, areas of implementation and after that it describes the simulation of Monte Carlo type. These are the basic types of simulations used by programs mentioned in this paper. After a short introduction follows detailed description of the system requirements, user interface and the principles of working with these programs, that contains also a definition of basic function blocks. This paper also describes another important information like price, available licenses and in the attachment the pictures of the programs interface. The next part of my paper is based on analyze of observed articles, which concern this special area of interest. I try to describe the usage of this software on a market, area of application or eventually a type of simulation. The information from data assimilation are ordered in transparent tables and visualized on a graphs and diagrams. At the end is the final summary, which I believe will be beneficiary for the readers.