This degree work concerns the role of sisters and ward sisters and their share in the nursing care quality. The theoretical part of the work is divided into three sections. Section one presents sisters and ward sisters as active members of the nursing management. Section two deals with the managements functions of the sister staff and their impact on the nursing care quality. Section three reviews the basic issues of the nursing care quality. The purpose of section one was to review the scope of activities of sisters and ward sisters with respect to the nursing care quality. The purpose of section two was to identify the key difficulties preventing sisters and wards sisters from increasing the nursing care quality. The purpose of section three was to analyse the working relationships between sisters and ward sisters with respect to the nursing care quality. While mapping out the situation in the selected hospital (the Faculty Hospital in Plzeň), we asked the following six research questions: 1. What are the areas where the hospital sisters may affect the nursing care quality? 2. What obstacles the sisters can see preventing them from taking part in continuous improvements in the nursing care quality? 3. How do the hospital sisters co-operate with the respective ward sisters concerning the nursing care quality? 4. What are the areas where the ward sisters may affect the nursing care quality? 5. Are there any obstacles preventing the ward sisters from taking part in continuous improvements in the nursing care quality? 5. How do the ward sisters co-operate with the respective sisters concerning the nursing care quality? The questions were asked during informal discussions with ten sisters and ten wards sisters at the Faculty Hospital in Plzeň. The information and data collected were processed using the framework analysis method whereby the answers to the research questions were derived. The research identified the following main problems preventing the hospital sisters and ward sisters from increasing the nursing care quality: inefficient time management on the side of ward sisters, insufficient competencies of ward sisters regarding staff remuneration, insufficient application of the existing nursing-care quality improvement tools by both sisters and ward sisters, limited engagement of the hospital sisters and ward sisters in creation of internal standard procedures, and reluctant attitudes of the hospital staff to changes. Based on the shortcomings identified through our research we have worked out proposals on practical improvements.

No description available.

Does the murder of a sibling affect the health and well-being of siblings over the longer term? Between 2009 and 2013 there was an annual average of 562 homicides in Canada (Statistics Canada, 2013) and 14,767 in the United States (FBI, 2013). Anecdotal report and a small body of literature suggest siblings’ lives are impacted by the murder of a sister or brother and that there are lasting effects. For the most part, however, siblings of murder victims are largely ignored by research. Studies that do exist rely mainly on qualitative data from small, non-representative, and mixed samples. This study used a quasi-experimental design to compare data previously obtained from 67 Canadian and American homicide-bereaved siblings with data from 80 comparison participants, matched as a group on age and sex. Groups were compared on measures of SES, overall general health, subjective distress, perceived social support, life-satisfaction, recollections of growing up, and self-worth. Homicide-bereaved siblings reported significantly higher levels of current subjective distress, less perceived social support, and less positive recollections of growing up in the years following a sibling’s muder. Despite ongoing subjective distress, homicide-bereaved siblings reported self-worth and life satisfaction equivalent to comparison participants. Preliminary data support the continued theoretical and applied research exploring the overlap of trauma and grief in homicide bereavement and of intervention protocols. Findings from this study will inform criminal justice professionals, victim service workers, counsellors, family members, friends, and community members supporting those who have lost a brother or sister to murder. / Graduate / kwright3@uvic.ca

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Background: Being subjected to an extensive burn injury affects the victim´s physique, social life and its psyche. A burn injury can be determined as a trauma. Burn injuries often make the patient suffer from pain, anxiety and lack of a social life. Sister Callista Roy´s theory was used to analyze the result of the study. One of her goal is to promote the adaptive function of self-perception. Aim: The aim of this literature review was to describe how patients with extensive burns and their families experienced the return to daily life. Method: This literature review is based on four qualitative and four quantitative scientific articles. Results: The results showed that family support played a major role in the patient´s life after the burn injury, it is important for the further rehabilitation. Burned patients use different coping strategies to solve this particularly traumatic situation. Several of the burn victims experienced an altered self-image as a burn injury changes the appearance. Many felt that it restrained them from participating in social contexts. Result is based on three different themes: I and myself, I together with my family and I together with the society. Conclusion: Patients and their family adapt to changes in their daily life different. Development of strategies was important to be able to return to daily life. Therefore, it is important for nurses to provide information on different strategies.

Previous research has demonstrated that exposure to family disruption/father absence (due to parental relationship dissolution) is a significant risk factor for early pubertal development in daughters. Moreover, the earlier in life that this exposure occurs, the greater the risk of these outcomes for girls. Two opposing classes of explanation have been proposed for this reliable finding. First, evolutionary-based developmental experience models have proposed that father absence may actually cause early pubertal development in daughters through mechanisms that remain to be elucidated. Second, this association may arise from either a genetic or a family-wide environmental confound. To discriminate between these two competing classes of explanation (i.e., causal vs. noncausal), a retrospective study employing a community sample of full biological sister pairs was conducted in New Zealand. This study examined menarchael age in (a) a primary group comprising age-discrepant biologically disrupted/father absent sister pairs (n = 68), and (b) a matched control group comprising age-discrepant biologically intact/father present sister pairs (n = 93). According to the causation model, if greater exposure to family disruption/father absence causes earlier pubertal development in girls, then in families in which (a) full biological sisters are discrepant in age, and (b) the younger sister has experienced more prolonged father absence than has her older sister, younger sisters should be at greater risk for earlier pubertal development. By contrast, if a genetic or family-wide environmental confound explains this association, full biological sisters should not systematically differ in pubertal timing as a function of birth order, even if they have experienced different amounts of father absence. The unique contribution of the current study to this area of inquiry is its employment of a differential sibling exposure design to test the explanatory value of the two opposing classes of explanation (i.e., causal versus noncausal). This genetically and environmentally controlled sibling design was utilised (a) to test the central hypothesis that the birth order/age discrepancy (older versus younger) between sisters would interact with family type (biologically disrupted vs. biologically intact) to predict the size of sibling differences in menarcheal age, and (b) to test for potential moderating effects of paternal dysfunction. Consistent with evolutionary causal models, the current sibling comparison study revealed that within biologically disrupted/father-absent families, younger sisters (who had more prolonged exposure to father absence) had earlier menarcheal ages than did their older sisters. The current study was therefore not only able to distinguish between the two competing classes of explanations, but its findings plausibly supported a causal rather than a noncausal explanation for the association between father absence and earlier pubertal timing in girls. Moreover, it revealed that this association is more nuanced than previously thought, because the accelerating effect of family disruption/father absence on daughters’ menarcheal timing was moderated by fathers’ functioning in the family. The current study has eight important limitations that can be used to direct future research. These limitations are detailed along with proffered suggestions (where applicable) for addressing them in future studies. Possible mediating mechanisms for the earlier menarcheal timing found in daughters from biologically disrupted/father absent families are also proposed. Finally, the implications of the current study’s findings for both parents and daughters in biologically disrupted/father absent families are discussed.

Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Glasgow, 2008. / Ph.D. thesis submitted to the Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedical and Life Sciences (IBLS), University of Glasgow, 2008. Includes bibliographical references. Print version also available.

Long-lived and short-lived volcanic vents often form in close proximity to one another. However, the processes that distinguish between these volcano types remain unknown. Here, I investigate the differences of long-lived (shield volcano) and short-lived (cinder cone) magmatic systems using two approaches. In the first, I use melt inclusion volatile contents for shield volcanoes and compare them to published data for cinder cones to investigate how shallow magma storage conditions differ between the two vent types in the Oregon Cascades. In the second, I model the primitive magmas that fed shield volcanoes and compare these compositions to those of nearby cinder cones to determine if the volcanoes are drawing magma from the same sources. The volatile concentrations suggest that long-lived and short-lived magmatic plumbing systems are distinct. Modeling of parental magmas and differentiation processes further suggest that long-lived and short-lived volcanoes have erupted lava from the same mantle magma source.

This submitted master's thesis is called "A retrospective view on the neonatal screening". The main aim of this thesis is to map a retrospective view on the neonatal screening in the basis of teoretical fundaments. Thesis deals with theoretical level of problematic. Thesis summarizes the historical development of clinical and laboratory neonatal screening. Next to that there are mentioned procedures executed by a nurse in relation with neonatal screening. Thesis also includes a characteristics of specific illnesses witch can be discovered and then correctly treated. Purpose of this thesis is to broaden a necessary knowledge not only among students and medical staff, but mainly among child nurses witch are performing a blood collections for the neonatal screening and they are in most cases the very first persons to be asked by parents for more informations. Great knowledge of the neonathal screening is elementar for every child nurse. Thesis can also be used as a certain guide for parents which will gain more informations about neonatal screening performed (with parents approval) on their newborn child. This master's thesis have been written after a proper study of available materials and have been summarized to complex text. Scientific analysis, synthesis and explantation were used during work on this thesis. We have used many external sources to create this thesis. Most valuable informations and publications have been found in the internet database PubMed, mostly in english. Very important was research and full text articles provided by the National medical library in Prague. Last but not least were used printed publications in czech and english.

The study on kinship terminology is concerned with the treatment of terms in dictionaries. Studies of this nature have been undertaken about several African languages, but such studies on Setswana were limited and were done a long time ago. The motive behind looking at kinship terms is that the researcher, being a native speaker of Setswana, has realised that entries of kinship terms in dictionaries are not satisfactory or, in some cases, do not exist at all. The study is aimed at investigating entries of Setswana kinship terms and evaluating their appropriateness. There are cases where no entries exist, hence the researcher intends to come up with definitions for such terms. In cases of ambiguity, that is, where a term can be used to refer to more than one relation, the researcher will identify the other instances where such a term can be used. In addition, the researcher aims at comparing Setswana with other Sotho languages. There are cases where these languages use borrowed words because of their integration with other languages in their localities, especially with Afrikaans. The study is divided into six chapters. The first deals with the introduction to the study of Setswana kinship terminology, the statement of the problem, aim of the study, research methodology and the scope of the study. The second chapter deals with the theoretical background of kinship. Chapter 3 covers kinship terminology with reference to the man’s family. The treatment of kinship terms in dictionaries is also discussed. Chapter 4 is almost similar to the preceding chapter, but deals with kinship terminology pertaining to the man’s wife’s relatives. The fifth chapter provides a mono-lingual glossary of kinship terminology in Setswana. The sixth and last chapter contains the conclusion as well as recommendations by the researcher. / Dissertation (MA (Setswana))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / African Languages / unrestricted