Whistler Blackcomb Resort experiences the highest skier visits of any resort in North America and consequently demand at the ski school is high. Due to various factors, the daily number of lesson participants is highly variable and the best number of instructors to staff each day is correspondingly difficult to estimate. The consequences of scheduling incorrectly could lead to either overstaffing or understaffing. Overstaffing results in unnecessary costs; understaffing results in lost sales and customer dissatisfaction. A scheduling tool that can assist the Ski School in staffing decisions, therefore, is developed to minimize excess costs. Daily demand predictions are made using a forecasting model and a staffing policy is applied to it to obtain a recommended staffing level. The demand forecasting model is a regression model that takes into account pre-bookings, day of the week, holidays, and yesterday's demand. The staffing rules are determined through a Newsvendor-type model derived from a marginal cost analysis of the trade-off between overstaffing and understaffing applied to the daily demand forecasts. The project is intended to formalize a systematic approach to staffing for certain lesson types (pods) one day in advance. It will assist the Whistler Blackcomb Ski and Snowboard School, as a decision support tool, in the development of daily instructor schedules that rninimize any unnecessary costs. / Business, Sauder School of / Graduate

The aim of this thesis is to propose the communication mix for Šacberk Ski Resort. The objective of this thesis is the improvement of communication with customers and promotion of the company. Advertising campaign should make all the advantages of the company more visible. Diploma thesis evaluates current situation of the mix and proposes improvements and expansion of the advertising campaign to other regions of the Czech Republic. The new communication mix should lead to improving the current situation, gaining new customers and keeping current customers.

Att utöva fysiska aktiviteter ska vara möjligt för alla.Genom parasporten, som är sporter anpassade förpersoner med olika funktionsnedsättningar, görs dettamöjligt för alla, oavsett vilka fysiska förutsättningar manhar. Cross-country sitskiing är en gren inom parasportensom växer mer och mer i antalet utövare. Vid utövandetav Cross-country sitskiing sitter åkaren i en typ av kälkesom kallas sitski. Denna är anpassad efter individen ochkan därför se mycket olika ut. Vid tävling är det viktigtatt utrustningen passar bra och håller en låg vikt.Med syftet att förbättra prestationen för en åkare, samtgöra det enklare för andra att göra detsamma, gav SportsTech Research Centre rapportförfattarna i uppdrag attutvärdera och utveckla en sitskiåkares nuvarande sitski.Målet med arbetet är att ta fram ett produktionsunderlagför en ny sitski utifrån åkarens önskemål.Arbetet har skett genom de fyra faserna förstudie,konceptgenerering, konceptval och detaljkonstruktion. Iförstudien undersöktes marknaden i stort och enförståelse för sporten och sitskin skapades. Vidare ikonceptgenereringen undersöktes mer detaljer av desitskis som redan finns på marknaden och möjligalösningar började tas fram, dessa kombinerades till olikakoncept. I konceptvalet kontrollerades koncepten ochjämfördes mot satta krav samt mot varandra. De tvåkoncepten som togs vidare förädlades för att kunna väljaett slutgiltigt koncept. Detta koncept togs vidare till densista fasen, detaljkonstruktion, där det bearbetadesytterligare för att sedan kontrolleras med FEM-analyser.Resultatet gav en ny sitski med väldigt likvärdig viktmot den tidigare. Dock har den nya en öppnare vinkel ihöften, då detta var önskat för att försöka ökaåkeffektiviteten. Den nya sitskin är även merergonomisk än den tidigare, har bättre passform och ärmer personanpassad. / Performing physical activities should be possible foreveryone. Through parasport, i.e. sports adapted forpeople with disabilities, this becomes possible foreveryone - despite differences in physical conditions.Cross country sit-skiing is a competitive sport in theparasport community which has been growing a lot interms of number of athletes. Performing Cross countrysit-skiing, the skier sits in a type of sledge, which is calleda sit-ski. The sit-ski is usually fitted after each individualand can therefore have big differences in appearance andfunctionality. In competitive sports, it is important tohave well-adjusted equipment that also holds a lowweight.With the purpose to improve one skiers performancewhilst also making it possible for others to do the same,the task given by Sports Tech Research Centre was toevaluate and develop a sit-ski used by an athlete incompetition. The aim being to produce a documentationof production for a new sit-ski, adjusted to the skierspreferences.The work has gone through the four phases: prestudy,concept generation, concept selection and detail design.The prestudy analyzed the market in general and anunderstanding for the sport and sit-skis generally wasestablished. The concept generation consisted ofexamining details in sit-skis already on the market, andbeginning to produce possible solutions, which werecombined into different concepts. In the conceptselection, the concepts were checked and compared tothe requirements and to each other. The two conceptswere further refined, to finally be able choose a final one.The final concept was developed further in the detaildesign phase and checked with further FEM-analysis.The result being an improved sit-ski, although with aweight comparable to the old one, a wider angle at thehip to hopefully improve skiing efficiency. The new sit-ski is more ergonomic than the original one, better fittedand more personalized. / <p>Betyg 2020-07-08/2020-08-13</p>

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Currently, World is facing global warming, which threats especially winter tourism. Many glaciers started to melt significantly as well as winter seasons get warmer and shorter in many ski areas (Gilaberte-Búrdaloa, et al., 2014). It is a really important issue and challenge especially for ski resorts. However, in spite of ski resorts there are also millions of tourists visiting ski destinations every year. Due to that it should also be important to all those winter enthusiasts to know and reduce their own impacts on environment, if they still want to enjoy snow-based sports and natural beauty of a mountain environment. Due to that, this study chosen to focus on emissions from ski trips seeing form the perspective of the skier in one of the most famous ski region in Sweden. The carbon footprint concept was used to calculate and compare four trips to different ski destinations such as Åre, Vemdalen, Frösön and Storulvån. From each trip the following factors where considered: emissions from production of ski equipment, emissions from skier travel, from purchased electricity in the ski resort and from consumption of fuel by vehicles on the slopes. At least six transportation scenarios per destination were created to investigate possible modes of transportation and their impacts. The results showed that the total amount of carbon footprint per skier differed among the trips from 74.01 kg to 2.40 kg of CO₂-eq. per skier depends on the transportation scenario and destination. It was concluded that skier travel can be a huge source of emissions depending on the distance to chosen destination and type of the transport. However, it was found out that impact from skier travel as well as from ski equipment can be reduced by individual’s choices. Moreover, it was also concluded that the fuel consumed by vehicles on the slopes had a significant impact in all ski resorts and it should become the major issue for ski resorts to find new solutions and practices, which would reduce the amount of emissions.. / <p>2016-08-30</p>

Title of master thesis Effect of ski-mountaineering equipment on energy expenditure of skiing. Work objectives The aim of this study was to determine the effect of weight ski equipment energy performance when walking on snow. Methods The study included 6 skialpinists a mean age of 30 ± 5.5 years. Energy intensity was measured on the basis of breathe oxygen (VO2) and exhaled (VCO2). The measurements were used 3 types of ski-hiking equipment (light - medium x 3160 g - 7754 g x heavy - 9600 g). Each test first completed section in a time of 6 minutes flat terrain (0ř), after which he immediately set out to climb the 360 m long route at an angle (20ř). These two sections (0ř and 20ř) graduated in random order for each type of equipment and at a constant speed of 1 m·s-1 . Results The results show that energy intensity decreases significantly when using ultralight ski equipment. We found that the climb at an angle of 20ř is the difference in oxygen consumption (VO2) between moderate and light equipment 9.6% between heavy and light equipment 17.7% and medium-heavy and heavy equipment 7,4%. The average VO2 test with light equipment was 44.4 ± 3.7 ml·kg-1 ·min-1 , with moderate equipment 48.7 ± 5.6 ml·kg- 1 ·min-1 and heavy equipment 52.2 ± 4.8 ml·kg-1 ·min-1 . At 0ř inclination and moderate use of heavy...

Title: Comparison of ski teaching plans and ski qualifications between Czech republic and New Zealand. Objectives: Main objective of this thesis is the comparison of lesson plans and qualifications between the Czech Republic and New Zealand. As a basic educational program in the Czech Republic was chosen Czech ski school. Methods: This theoretical work processes, sorts and critically analyzing the survey findings on the current topic. Information needed for this work were obtained in several ways. It was a content analysis of documents, observation and experience. Results: After comparing Czech and New Zealand methodology of teaching skiing were not found distinct differences, they appeared in a comparison of the requirements for obtaining the qualifications of the same level - age, length of course and obtained permission to teach. It differs also focus and scope of ski organizations. Keywords: skiing, methodology, qualifications, ski teaching

The aim of diploma thesis is to suggest new marketing strategy of ski and snowboard school SCHOOL 4 FUN for this year 2011/2012 including proposals and recommendation for its improvement. Suggested marketing strategy is the solution for suitable position of limited financial means for the company to maintain competitive advantage, increase its sale, thus increase its revenue at the same time. To achieve given aim, the technique of competitive analysis, marketing mix and SWOT analysis was used. Diploma thesis is divided into two parts: theoretical and practical. The theoretical part deals with the specification of basic terms. In the practical part the theory of competitive analysis, marketing mix and SWOT analysis is applied.

Climate change is considered one of the primary threats to the sustainability of ski tourism around the world. Studies in several countries project the ski industry will be impacted by shorter ski seasons, greater snowmaking requirements, and a declining ski demand. Many supply-side studies suffer key limitations, such as the omission of snowmaking, leaving their conclusions highly questionable. This study utilizes the SkiSim 2 model to reassess the implications of projected climate change for two major ski tourism destinations in the Western USA (Vail, Colorado and Lake Tahoe, California) where previous studies projected major impacts when snowmaking was not considered. Historical climate data (1961-1990) and the stochastic weather generator LARS-WG are used to examine the impact of climate change scenarios for ski season length and snowmaking requirements by the 2050s. Comparisons with previous studies and implications for ski tourism development and planning will be discussed.

Ο χιονοδρομικός τουρισμός είναι μία σημαντική μορφή εναλλακτικού εγχώριου τουρισμού στην Ελλάδα που ελκύει αρκετούς επισκέπτες. Παρόλα αυτά χαρακτηρίζεται από ήπια ανάπτυξη και προβολή και για αυτό το λόγο απαιτούνται τόσο η ανάπτυξη νέων αγορών και στρατηγικών, όσο και μεγάλες επενδύσεις στον συγκεκριμένο κλάδο. Ο κυριότερος στόχος της παρούσας μελέτης είναι η διερεύνηση της ανταγωνιστικότητας με τη χρήση της μεθοδολογίας Importance-Performance και των ανταγωνιστικών πλεονεκτημάτων δύο ελληνικών χιονοδρομικών κέντρων, αυτό του Καρπενησίου και αυτό των Καλαβρύτων. Για το σκοπό αυτό διερευνήθηκε το καταναλωτικό και δημογραφικό προφίλ των επισκεπτών των δύο χιονοδρομικών, η σημαντικότητα των χαρακτηριστικών ποιότητας και η απόδοση αυτών στο κάθε κέντρο, η συνολική ικανοποίηση των επισκεπτών από τα κέντρα και τον προορισμό συνολικά, η εικόνα τους και η πιστότητα των επισκεπτών σε αυτά. Η έρευνα πραγματοποιήθηκε με τη χρήση ερωτηματολογίων. Διανεμήθηκαν συνολικά 300 ερωτηματολόγια στους επισκέπτες των δύο χιονοδρομικών κέντρων, από τα οποία επεστράφησαν πλήρως συμπληρωμένα 296. Από τα αποτελέσματα προέκυψε πως οι επισκέπτες του χιονοδρομικού κέντρου Καλαβρύτων είναι περισσότερο ενεργοί χρήστες σε σχέση με αυτούς του Καρπενησίου και τα σημαντικότερα χαρακτηριστικά ποιότητας είναι οι τιμές των εισιτηρίων των αναβατήρων, η ασφάλεια και υγιεινή του κέντρου και ο χρόνος αναμονής στους αναβατήρες. Ακόμη, παρατηρείται πως το χιονοδρομικό κέντρο Καρπενησίου αποδίδει καλύτερα σε περισσότερα χαρακτηριστικά ποιότητας σε σχέση με αυτό των Καλαβρύτων, διαθέτει περισσότερα ανταγωνιστικά πλεονεκτήματα και οι επισκέπτες του αντλούν μεγαλύτερη ικανοποίηση από τη χρήση του και την ευρύτερη περιοχή. Τέλος, συζητούνται πρακτικές εφαρμογές των αποτελεσμάτων και προτάσεις για μελλοντική έρευνα σε όλα τα χιονοδρομικά κέντρα της χώρας. / Skiing tourism is an important form of alternative domestic tourism in Greece, which attracts many visitors. Nevertheless, it is characterized by a mild growth and promotion and, therefore, both the development of new markets and strategies, as well as large investments in this specific sector, is needed. The main objective of the present study is to investigate competitiveness, using the Importance-Performance methodology and the competitive advantages of two Greek ski resorts, namely those of Karpenissi and Kalavryta. For this purpose, we have investigated the consumer and demographic profile of visitors in these two skiing centres, the importance of quality characteristics and their performance in each centre, visitors’ overall satisfaction from these centres and the destination in total, their image and the loyalty of visitors to them. The survey was conducted through the use of questionnaires. 300 questionnaires were distributed in total to the visitors of the two skiing centres, 296 of which were returned fully completed. Results showed that the visitors of Kalavryta skiing centre are more active users than those of Karpenissi and the most important quality characteristics are the ticket prices of the lifts, the safety and hygiene of the centre and the waiting time for lifts. Still, it is observed that Karpenissi ski resort performs better in more quality characteristics compared to that of Kalavryta, it has more competitive advantages and its visitors derive more satisfaction from using it and the surrounding area. Finally, we discuss practical applications of the results and recommendations for future research in all ski resorts of the country.