Thesis (D.(Agricultural Economics))--University of Pretoria, 2009. / Includes summary. Includes bibliographical references.

Syftet med studien är att ta reda på vilka faktorer som påverkar varför människor i ett mindre samhälle med historiskt lågt cyklande väljer att cykla eller inte cykla. Vi vill se vilka faktorer som påverkar cyklandet positivt respektive negativt. Vi önskar också att se om det finns några likheter eller skillnader mellan stora städer och mindre samhällen, jämförelsen kommer göras både i en internationell och nationell kontext. <ul type="disc">Vilka faktorer påverkar människors cyklande? Vilka likheter och skillnader finns det mellan befintlig statistik och våra undersökta grupper gällande cykelvaner? Vilka likheter och skillnader finns det mellan cyklandet i ett mindre samhälle jämfört med större städer? Som teori har vi använt oss av tidsgeografi, plats, rum, rumskrig, avståndsfriktion och aktivitetsansatsen. Vi har också titta på tidigare forskning om cykling i större städer och även svensk statistik som tagits fram på olika nivåer. Det empiriska materialet har samlats in genom enkäter. Enkäterna delades ut via två olika forum, den ena var genom Grums kommun där alla anställda hade möjlighet att svara på en webenkäten. Det andra var utanför en livsmedelsbutik i Grums där alla som passerade hade möjlighet att svara. Det empiriska materialet är uppdelat i bakgrundsfrågor, resvanor och hur respondenterna ställer sig till olika påståenden. Det avslutas med korsanalyser där olika variabler som anses vara av intresse analyseras mot varandra. Våra viktigaste slutsatser är: Människor över 65 år är mindre benägna att cykla än de under 65 år De med gymnasieutbildning som högsta avslutade utbildning cyklar mest Bilen är det vanligaste färdmedlet oavsett målpunkt eller avstånd Tillgång till lånecykel gör inte att respondenterna kommer cykla mer Människor som bor i tätorten cyklar mer än de som bor på landsbygden Långa avstånd gör att människor väljer bort cykeln / The purpose of this study is to find out which factors affect why people in a smaller communities with historically low cyclists choose to ride a bike or not. We want to see which factors affect cycling positively and negatively. We also want to see if there are any similarities or differences between big cities and smaller communities, the comparison will be done in both an international and national context. Which factors affect people's cycling? What are the similarities and differences between existing statistics and our investigated groups of cycling habits? Which are the similarities and differences between cycling in a smaller communities compared to larger cities? As theory, we have used time geography, space, place, space war, distance friction and activity patterns. We also look at previous research on cycling in larger cities and also Swedish statistics developed at different levels. The empirical material has been collected by questionnaires. The surveys were distributed through two different forums, one through Grums Municipality where all employees were able to answer the web questionnaire. The second was outside a grocery store in Grums where everyone who passed was able to answer. The empirical material is divided into background issues, travel habits and how respondents respond to different statements. It ends with cross-analyzes where different variables considered to be of interest are analysed agents each other. People over the age of 65 are less likely to cycle than those under 65 years of age Those with upper secondary education are the most cyclists The car is the most common means of transport regardless of destination or distance Access to the loan cycle does not cause respondents to cycle more People living in the smaller communities area bicycle more than those living in the countryside Long distances make people not choose the bike

Scholarship has firmly established that the short story cycle is well-suited to representations of community. This study considers eight North American examples of the genre: four by Canadian authors Stephen Leacock, Duncan Campbell Scott, George Elliott, and Alice Munro; and four by American authors Sarah Orne Jewett, Sherwood Anderson, John Cheever, and Joyce Carol Oates. My original idea was to discover whether there were significant differences between the Canadian and American cycles, but ultimately I became far more interested in the way that all of the cycles address community formation and disintegration. The focus of each cycle is a small community, whether a small town, a village, or a suburb. In all of the examples, the authors address the small community as the focus of anxiety, concern, criticism, and praise, with special attention to the way in which, despite its manifold failings, the small community continues to inspire longings for the ideal home and source of identity. The narrative feature that ultimately provided the critical framework for the study is the recurring presence of the metropolis in all of the eight cycles. The city, set on the horizons of these small communities, consistently provides a backdrop against which author and characters seem to measure and understand their lives. Always an influence (whether for good or bad), the city’s presence is constructed as the other against which the small community’s identity is formulated and understood. The relationship between small community and city led me to an investigation into the mythology of the small community, a mythology that sets the small community in opposition to the city, portraying the former as the keeper of virtue and the latter as the disseminator of vice. The cycles themselves, as I increasingly discovered, challenge the mythology by identifying how the small community depends, in large part, on the city for self-understanding. The small community, however, as an idea, and a mythic ideal, is never dismissed as obsolete or irrelevant.

Scholarship has firmly established that the short story cycle is well-suited to representations of community. This study considers eight North American examples of the genre: four by Canadian authors Stephen Leacock, Duncan Campbell Scott, George Elliott, and Alice Munro; and four by American authors Sarah Orne Jewett, Sherwood Anderson, John Cheever, and Joyce Carol Oates. My original idea was to discover whether there were significant differences between the Canadian and American cycles, but ultimately I became far more interested in the way that all of the cycles address community formation and disintegration. The focus of each cycle is a small community, whether a small town, a village, or a suburb. In all of the examples, the authors address the small community as the focus of anxiety, concern, criticism, and praise, with special attention to the way in which, despite its manifold failings, the small community continues to inspire longings for the ideal home and source of identity. The narrative feature that ultimately provided the critical framework for the study is the recurring presence of the metropolis in all of the eight cycles. The city, set on the horizons of these small communities, consistently provides a backdrop against which author and characters seem to measure and understand their lives. Always an influence (whether for good or bad), the city’s presence is constructed as the other against which the small community’s identity is formulated and understood. The relationship between small community and city led me to an investigation into the mythology of the small community, a mythology that sets the small community in opposition to the city, portraying the former as the keeper of virtue and the latter as the disseminator of vice. The cycles themselves, as I increasingly discovered, challenge the mythology by identifying how the small community depends, in large part, on the city for self-understanding. The small community, however, as an idea, and a mythic ideal, is never dismissed as obsolete or irrelevant.

Scholarship has firmly established that the short story cycle is well-suited to representations of community. This study considers eight North American examples of the genre: four by Canadian authors Stephen Leacock, Duncan Campbell Scott, George Elliott, and Alice Munro; and four by American authors Sarah Orne Jewett, Sherwood Anderson, John Cheever, and Joyce Carol Oates. My original idea was to discover whether there were significant differences between the Canadian and American cycles, but ultimately I became far more interested in the way that all of the cycles address community formation and disintegration. The focus of each cycle is a small community, whether a small town, a village, or a suburb. In all of the examples, the authors address the small community as the focus of anxiety, concern, criticism, and praise, with special attention to the way in which, despite its manifold failings, the small community continues to inspire longings for the ideal home and source of identity. The narrative feature that ultimately provided the critical framework for the study is the recurring presence of the metropolis in all of the eight cycles. The city, set on the horizons of these small communities, consistently provides a backdrop against which author and characters seem to measure and understand their lives. Always an influence (whether for good or bad), the city’s presence is constructed as the other against which the small community’s identity is formulated and understood. The relationship between small community and city led me to an investigation into the mythology of the small community, a mythology that sets the small community in opposition to the city, portraying the former as the keeper of virtue and the latter as the disseminator of vice. The cycles themselves, as I increasingly discovered, challenge the mythology by identifying how the small community depends, in large part, on the city for self-understanding. The small community, however, as an idea, and a mythic ideal, is never dismissed as obsolete or irrelevant.

Scholarship has firmly established that the short story cycle is well-suited to representations of community. This study considers eight North American examples of the genre: four by Canadian authors Stephen Leacock, Duncan Campbell Scott, George Elliott, and Alice Munro; and four by American authors Sarah Orne Jewett, Sherwood Anderson, John Cheever, and Joyce Carol Oates. My original idea was to discover whether there were significant differences between the Canadian and American cycles, but ultimately I became far more interested in the way that all of the cycles address community formation and disintegration. The focus of each cycle is a small community, whether a small town, a village, or a suburb. In all of the examples, the authors address the small community as the focus of anxiety, concern, criticism, and praise, with special attention to the way in which, despite its manifold failings, the small community continues to inspire longings for the ideal home and source of identity. The narrative feature that ultimately provided the critical framework for the study is the recurring presence of the metropolis in all of the eight cycles. The city, set on the horizons of these small communities, consistently provides a backdrop against which author and characters seem to measure and understand their lives. Always an influence (whether for good or bad), the city’s presence is constructed as the other against which the small community’s identity is formulated and understood. The relationship between small community and city led me to an investigation into the mythology of the small community, a mythology that sets the small community in opposition to the city, portraying the former as the keeper of virtue and the latter as the disseminator of vice. The cycles themselves, as I increasingly discovered, challenge the mythology by identifying how the small community depends, in large part, on the city for self-understanding. The small community, however, as an idea, and a mythic ideal, is never dismissed as obsolete or irrelevant.

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