The debate over the quality of work has been on-going for a number of years. Recently, non-standard work has figured predominantly in that debate. Some researchers have argued that the rise of non-standard work is evidence of the declining quality of work since it offers few benefits, little job security and lower incomes. Other research has indicated that it is the effect of job characteristics themselves that determine quality of work, whether in standard or non-standard employment. Other researchers have noted that it is the profile of workers in these jobs that is a good indicator of whether the employment is "good" or "bad" since most individuals who are from groups on the periphery of the labour force tend to be in jobs of lesser quality. / This study addresses the quality of work in the Canadian context from 1989 to 1994, by exploring its connection to all three of these theories: the rise of non-standard work, the decline of "good" job characteristics and the changing profile of workers in non-standard work. What was found may be an interesting trend. Non-standard employment is becoming more mainstream and may even be influencing the characteristics of standard employment. The demographic profile of non-standard workers is also beginning to resemble that of standard workers. It could be concluded that the quality of work is indeed shifting. However, it was difficult to determine whether the shifts were indeed long-term or indicative only of difficult economic times in Canada. The issue of job quality is complex and better definitions of quality of work and longer timeframes should be considered in future research, to better understand what was/is happening in the Canadian labour market. If non-standard employment is truly "bad" work and it continues to increase, there will be fundamental implications for the quality of work in Canada.

The purpose of this study is to examine the adjustment issues facing international students attending American colleges and universities and the types of social support in an era post 9-11. Student-athletes face a variety of challenges when playing competitive sport. Foreign student-athletes have additional heavy burdens with physical training and language problems. International students and international student-athletes attending one of five universities in the State of Indiana (N = 102) completed a survey packet including Demographic, Social Support Survey (SSS) and Acculturative Stress Scale for International Students (ASSIS).The findings of this study would suggest that the participating international students, including talented foreign student-athletes, had low acculturative stress despite studying abroad in the United States in a post 9-11 era. Social support may not be related to acculturative stress for the participants in this study. However, there is no doubt that it is important for international students to immediately adjust to a new environment to minimize the potential of adjustment issues arising. This study may be helpful in identifying international students potentially at need of special assistance and support service. Coaches or academic counselors should pay more attention on the support services and acculturative stress of international students in their initial period. / School of Physical Education

This qualitative study examines sixteen women's understanding of their experiences in community organizing in a northern urban context. While most front-line community organizing is done by women, there is a paucity of research giving voice to their particular realities. Similarly, there is little information describing community organizing in a northern urban context. The study's conceptual frameworks draw on theory and research from rural and northern social work, activist mothering, feminist social policy, diversity and exclusion, and the social construction of identities. It follows a feminist research paradigm. The study illustrates women community organizers' sense of place and their perceptions of the politics of language, cultural and linguistic tensions, and the influences of northern economic and geographic realities. The research findings demonstrate the processes of community organizing in a northern setting, community organizers' demoralization because of increasingly less generous social policy environments, and the challenges of racial and linguistic divisions in community organizing. The study challenges the urban lens dominating social work education and highlights the legitimacy of community organizing within social work education. It discusses future research possibilities for cross-cultural community organizing involving minority francophone and ethnocultural populations as well as the relativity of notions of oppression within francophone spheres.

The Jewish group offers a picture different in certain ways from other racial and ethnic minorities in Montreal and in Canada. The main period of its history in Canada begins about 1900. In Montreal a small, compact nucleus of Jewish population in the nineteenth century has expanded and developed into a large, comparatively heterogeneous and widely scattered, yet solidly integrated, self-conscious community. The changing ecological pattern of the Jewish community is traced, in relation to the growth of the city of Montreal as a whole. Informal habits, as well as formal structures, reveal the differences in adjustment and assimilation between different elements within the Jewish community, these differences being shown to coincide rather closely with those of successive areas of settlement in the city. Complete assimilation has been achieved by few, if any, of the members of this community; the completely unassimilated type is likewise practically non-existent.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 154-172). / Also available by subscription via World Wide Web / 172 leaves, bound 29 cm

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Thesis (doctoral)--Johns Hopkins University, 2002. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

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