O trabalho foi realizado durante sensivelmente nove meses na instituição da CERCIESTA, onde lidei com pessoas de diferentes graus de deficiência intelectual (DI). A DI é caracterizada por limitações significativas no funcionamento intelectual e no comportamento adaptativo abrangendo as habilidades conceituais, sociais e práticas quotidianas, aparecendo nas pessoas antes dos 18 anos ("Frequently asked questions on intellectual disability,"). Durante a minha estadia na instituição participei em diferentes atividades, como a Educação Física (EF), a Natação e a Psicomotricidade. Mas o meu estudo baseou-se na análise da aptidão física em aluno que já realizavam atividade física regularmente, comparando-os entre gêneros e com os valores padrões apresentados pelo manual do Teste de Aptidão Física de Brockport (TAFB) (Winnick & Short, 2014). Com uma amostra de 13 elementos, utilizei o manual do TAFB (Winnick & Short, 2014) para realizar uma série de testes que abrangiam as componentes da flexibilidade, da força e resistência muscular, da resistência cardiorrespiratória, e da composição corporal dos diferentes alunos. Para tratar os dados retirados dos testes foi utilizado um programa estatístico, o Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) versão 24, onde foram analisadas as estatísticas descritivas e inferenciais. Com o tratamento dos dados, permitiu concluir que: i) não existem diferenças significativas entre os gêneros; ii) o gênero feminino possui melhores valores na flexibilidade; iii) o gênero masculino possui melhores valores na força e resistência muscular; iv) ambos os gêneros apresentam valores baixos de resistência cardiorrespiratória; v) metade dos alunos necessitam de melhorias ao nível da composição corporal; vi) de um modo geral a aptidão física nesta população é fraca. / The work was carried out during approximately nine months in the Institution of CERCIESTA, where I dealt with people of different degrees of intellectual disability. Intellectual disability is characterized by significant limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior encompassing everyday conceptual, social and practical skills, appearing in people before age 18 ("Frequently asked questions on intellectual disability,"). During my stay at the Institution I participated in different activities, such as Physical Education, Swimming and Psychomotricity. However, my study was based on the analysis of physical fitness in students who already performed physical activity regularly, comparing them between genders and with the standard values presented by the Brockport Physical Fitness Test Manual (Winnick & Short, 2014). With a sample of 13 elements, I used the Brockport Physical Fitness Test Manual (Winnick & Short, 2014) to perform a series of tests covering the components of flexibility, muscular strength and endurance, aerobic functioning and body composition of the different students. A statistical program, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 24, was used to treat the data taken from the tests, where the descriptive and inferential statistics were analyzed. With the data treatment, it was concluded that: i) there are no significant differences between genders; ii) the female gender has better values in flexibility; iii) male gender has better values in muscular strength and endurance; iv) both genders have low values of aerobic functioning; v) half of the students need improvements in body composition; vi) in general the physical fitness in this population is weak.

La observación de las diferencias entre todos los elementos de la naturaleza, incluso dentro de la misma especie ocurre de manera natural, sin embargo, son pocos los que desean adentrarse en el origen y la explicación de dichas diferencias. La inmensa variabilidad humana se hace manifiesta en todas las áreas del conocimiento, las artes y particularmente en el deporte. El presente estudio busca encontrar el origen de las diferencias individuales para el fenotipo del alto rendimiento deportivo en atletas colombianos de éxito internacional, mundial y olímpico, estimando el peso de los factores genéticos y de los factores ambientales involucrados en dichos logros. El modelo de estudio es retrospectivo, identificando en cada una de las familias a los deportistas "afectados" por el "gen de la excelencia", y será utilizado el análisis de pedigrí; los atletas pertenecientes a una muestra de 78 familias son divididos según el nivel de rendimiento alcanzado en alta élite, elite y sub-elite. Dentro de la muestra se identificaron familias con pedigrís de 3 generaciones con deportistas con altos logros desde la primera hasta la tercera generación, denominadas "familias olímpicas", n=7, en las que los miembros podrán practicar disciplinas iguales o semejantes y/o disciplinas diferentes; familias en las que solo la tercera generación presenta individuos con alto rendimiento deportivo n=30 o "hermanos deportistas", y familias con atletas de rendimiento, pero que ningún otro de sus miembros es atleta n=41; Para el tratamiento de los resultados fue utilizado el software S.A.G.E, el cual nos arrojó una estimación para la heredabilidad h=0,57, revelando una dependencia significativa de los factores genéticos para el fenotipo en analisis. / The observation of the differences between all the elements of nature, even within the same species occurs naturally, however, few people want to delve into the origin and explanation of these differences. The immense human variability is evident in all areas of knowledge, the arts and particularly in sports. The present study seeks to find the origin of the individual differences for the phenotype of high sports performance in Colombian athletes of international, world and Olympic success, estimating the weight of the genetic factors and the environmental factors involved in said achievements. The study model is retrospective, identifying in each of the families the athletes "affected" by the "gene of excellence", and pedigree analysis will be used; The athletes belonging to a sample of 78 families are divided according to the level of performance achieved in high elite, elite and sub-elite. Within the sample, families with pedigrees of 3 generations were identified with athletes of high achievements from the first to the third generation, called "Olympic families", n = 7, in which members can practice the same or similar disciplines and / or disciplines. different families in which only the third generation presents individuals with high sports performance n = 30 or "sports brothers", and families with performance athletes, but no other of its members is an athlete n = 41; For the treatment of the results, the software S.A.G.E was used, which gave us an estimate for the heritability h2 = 0.57, revealing a significant dependence of the genetic factors for the phenotype in analysis.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.