O estudo das políticas públicas recentemente tem despertado a atenção da doutrina no âmbito do Direito. O presente trabalho busca apresentar um quadro geral das políticas públicas previdenciárias, demonstrando a intersecção existente entre o Direito e a Ciência Política, as contribuições de cada disciplina e as tênues fronteiras que as separam. A esfera do Direito, sob a perspectiva do Poder Judiciário, estabelece os parâmetros e limites do controle dos atos editados pelos outros Poderes, à luz dos instrumentos jurídicos previstos no ordenamento, tendo como objetivo a efetivação do direito fundamental à previdência social. A análise de casos concretos, colhidos da jurisprudência pátria, revela alguma oscilação do Poder Judiciário na defesa do direito fundamental em questão, especialmente em decorrência de argumentos de natureza econômica, introduzidos no texto constitucional por meio das reformas de 1998 e 2003. / The analysis of public policies has recently raised the attention in the scope of law. This study has the purpose of presenting a comprehensive view of the public policies on Social Security, by demonstrating the intersection between Law and Political Science, the contributions of each area of study as well as the tenuous frontiers separating them. The scope of law, under the perspective of the Judiciary, establishes the patterns and the limits to regulate the measures taken by Executive and Legislative Power, having as reference the juridical instruments stated by the legal system, whose purpose is to safeguard the right to social security. The analysis of concrete cases, gathered from the Brazilian case law, reveals a lack of coherence and consistency of the Judiciary to uphold the right to social security. This incoherence and inconsistency are mainly due to economic arguments, which were introduced in the Constitution by the time of the reforms carried out in 1998 and 2003.

The Social Security Act 1991 incorporates the general legal meaning of property in its definition of an asset, for the purpose of the pension means test. This creates the opportunity for pension applicants to argue that assessable assets held by them should be reduced by the amount of any equitable proprietry rights held by others in the assets. The Federal Court has held in Kintominas v Secretary, DSS and in Kidner v Secretary, DSS that equitable proprietry claims under remedial doctrines, such as under the constructive trust doctrine discussed in Baumgartner v Baumgartner are to be regarded as property even though there has been no judicial declaration of their existence, no dispute between the legal owner and the person claiming an equitabe interest, an no unconscionable abuse of title rights by the legal owner. This thesis argues that the Federal Court’s approach is not the preferable one, for three main reasons. The first relates to the changing nature of the constructive trust to a necessary element. The second is that, at a time when the constructive trust in Australia is in transition from the traditional institutional conception to a remedial paradigm along North American lines, the beneficial interest should no longer be viewed as existing independently of a judicial decree. The third argument is that, even if an equitable interest under a remedial constructive trust is accepted as existing independently of a curial declaration, it cannot be valued for the purposes of the assets test.

O estudo das políticas públicas recentemente tem despertado a atenção da doutrina no âmbito do Direito. O presente trabalho busca apresentar um quadro geral das políticas públicas previdenciárias, demonstrando a intersecção existente entre o Direito e a Ciência Política, as contribuições de cada disciplina e as tênues fronteiras que as separam. A esfera do Direito, sob a perspectiva do Poder Judiciário, estabelece os parâmetros e limites do controle dos atos editados pelos outros Poderes, à luz dos instrumentos jurídicos previstos no ordenamento, tendo como objetivo a efetivação do direito fundamental à previdência social. A análise de casos concretos, colhidos da jurisprudência pátria, revela alguma oscilação do Poder Judiciário na defesa do direito fundamental em questão, especialmente em decorrência de argumentos de natureza econômica, introduzidos no texto constitucional por meio das reformas de 1998 e 2003. / The analysis of public policies has recently raised the attention in the scope of law. This study has the purpose of presenting a comprehensive view of the public policies on Social Security, by demonstrating the intersection between Law and Political Science, the contributions of each area of study as well as the tenuous frontiers separating them. The scope of law, under the perspective of the Judiciary, establishes the patterns and the limits to regulate the measures taken by Executive and Legislative Power, having as reference the juridical instruments stated by the legal system, whose purpose is to safeguard the right to social security. The analysis of concrete cases, gathered from the Brazilian case law, reveals a lack of coherence and consistency of the Judiciary to uphold the right to social security. This incoherence and inconsistency are mainly due to economic arguments, which were introduced in the Constitution by the time of the reforms carried out in 1998 and 2003.

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