p. 1-62 / Submitted by Santiago Fabio (fabio.ssantiago@hotmail.com) on 2013-05-08T19:20:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 22222222222222.pdf: 463653 bytes, checksum: db2028b4d0eb0111884c9df80aa1899a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Meirelles(rodrigomei@ufba.br) on 2013-05-09T17:18:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 22222222222222.pdf: 463653 bytes, checksum: db2028b4d0eb0111884c9df80aa1899a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-05-09T17:18:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 22222222222222.pdf: 463653 bytes, checksum: db2028b4d0eb0111884c9df80aa1899a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / A inexistência de sistemas de informação estatais, no Brasil, cujos indicadores sejam estimados segundo classes sociais ou variáveis sócio-econômicas dificulta a analise da evolução recente das desigualdades na mortalidade no país. Dessa forma, há necessidade não só de realização de estudos específicos voltados para o monitoramento desse problema bem como do aperfeiçoamento de técnicas e estratégias metodológicas capazes de estimar essas desigualdades apoiados nas bases de dados secundários disponíveis. Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a evolução das desigualdades na mortalidade, no município de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil, no período entre 1991 e 2000 e descrever os diferenciais da mortalidade nos anos de 1991, 1997, 2000 e 2006. Foi realizado estudo de agregados espacial e temporal em Salvador, BA, a partir do reagrupamento de zonas de informação e de sua população em estratos sociais, para os quais foram estimados alguns indicadores de mortalidade. As zonas de informação com composição social heterogênea foram analisadas separadamente. As fontes de dados utilizadas foram as Declarações de Óbitos de residentes no Município referentes aos anos de 1991, 1997, 2000 e 2006 e os Censos Demográficos de 1991 e 2000. O coeficiente de mortalidade geral variou entre 5,3/1.000 habitantes em 1991 e 5,1/1.000 em 2000, correspondendo a uma diferença de 3,15%. Em 2000, a diferença entre os coeficientes de mortalidade do estrato de melhores condições de vida e aquele de piores condições de vida variou entre 37% e 65,5%, por faixa etária, o que corresponde a razões de desigualdade de 1,2 e 1,6, respectivamente. Quando a unidade de análise é a zona de informação a diferença atinge 475%. Verificou-se que persistem as desigualdades na distribuição da mortalidade entre os estratos sociais. Todavia algumas modificações na composição dos estratos de 1991 para 2000 indicam melhoria das condições de vida, bem como diminuição dos coeficientes de mortalidade, no período estudado. A analise em separado das Zonas de informação de composição heterogênea revelou um gradiente nas taxas de mortalidade entre os estratos sociais. Os achados apontam ainda para a necessidade de planejamento de ações intersetoriais voltada para a população mais vulnerável e conseqüente redução das desigualdades em saúde. / Salvador

Cette recherche vise à expliquer et comprendre le déroulement de l'adoption de la nouveauté par les consommateurs, de l'action de quelques-uns à l'adoption collective, voire l'institutionnalisation d'un marché de la nouveauté. Les historiens établissent un lien fort entre le développement de l'adoption de la nouveauté et celui de nouvelles strates intermédiaires. La Chine des années 2010 offre un cas d'étude idéal. La comparaison historique permet de formuler l'hypothèse de dynamiques statutaires différentes en Europe et en Chine, et d'une régulation différente des statuts. Une matrice contextuelle expliquant l'adoption est construite et appliquée aux modèles de seuils pour définir des séquences typiques conduisant à l'adoption collective de la nouveauté. Plusieurs réseaux de jeunes adoptants de nouvelles technologies diplômés du supérieur sont suivis entre 2010 et 2015 au moyen d'entretiens individuels approfondis (video-chat, échanges informels et recoupement de sources digitales). L'analyse montre l'existence de chaînes d'adoption, et met en lumière le rôle de relayeurs de la nouveauté. Elle permet de décrire deux séquences typiques de passage à l'adoption collective en restituant la significativité des contextes dans lesquels adoptant et relayeur s'apparient. Les récits d'adoption sont resitués dans le contexte de l'évolutions des carrières professionnelles et conjugales. Ils permettent de comprendre le lien entre adoption et nouvelles strates intermédiaires. Ces dernières sont porteuses de différentes visions de la nouveauté marchande et de la modernisation. Le contexte de réformes et de transition chinois d'après 1978 apparaît comme un lieu favorable à cette double configuration. / The purpose of this research is to explain and understand the adoption of novelty by consumers as a dynamic phenomenon, from its initial stage as an individual action to the collective one and finally as a novelty market. Historical studies highlight the link between the development of novelty adoption and the one of intermediate social strata. Historical comparison allows to formulate hypothesis: different status dynamics and State regulation of status. A contextual matrix is built to define contexts explaining adoption. Inspired by threshold models, typical sequences of collective adoption can be defined. Several networks of young adopters who recently graduated are identified and tracked between 2010 and 2010 (through video-chat in depth individual interviews, informal message exchange and online research). The analysis highlights the existence of novelty chains, and the role of novelty passers. It allows to describe two typical sequences of the collective adoption of novelty and restore the significance of contexts in which adopters and passers match together. Adoption stories are analyzed in the context of career and conjugal life transitions. They illuminate the link between the adoption of market novelty and new intermediate social strata. The Chinese context of transition and reforms after 1978 appears as a typical locus for this double configuration.

The purpose of this thesis is to elaborate the inventory of Jewish possessions in the town district of Sedlcany which would provide an answer to the economic and social status of this persecuted minority. The primary sources are the record-keeping cards from the Jewish card files, the registration of the Jewish landed estate in the town district of Sedlcany, the police entries, as well as, the population census from 1930. The acquired information about the Jewish possessions relates to the year 1940 too, therefore, this thesis is also focused on the period of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. The first chapter briefly engages the reader with the history of the Jews in Bohemia with a specific focus of the town district of Sedlcany. The key part of this work is the detailed outline of the encoroachment on the economic life of the Jews not only in the Third Reich, but also on which ?the Aryan race? received their possessions. The key part of this thesis is a list of the Jewish population living in the town district of Sedlcany and nearby villages before deportations, an overview of family ties, and also an overview of movable and inmovable assets of individuals. Another essential charter of this work is the restituion of thirteen survivers that emphasises the response of the country and individuals to the return of the Jews after the Second World Ward and the progress of the administrative process. At last, this thesis offers charts, tables, maps with highlighted municipalities where the Jews had lived, and also three maps illustrating the Jewish settlement in the town district of Sedlcany, and the municipalities of Kosova Hora and Petrovice. It further illustrates a family tree of the Lurie family from Petrovice, an inventory list of goods from Lurie?s shop in Petrovice and, last but no least, photos of some Jews living in the district of Sedlcany in 1940.

This dissertation is focusing on definitions of some typical features of a family unit and its impact on their child´s free time use. These aspects are for e.g. completeness of the family, child´s status among their brothers and sisters, level of parents´ education and the social strata of parents. The dissertation is divided into theoretical and practical part. In the beginning of the theoretical part the question of family, definition according to the number of members, and other features implicated from the family status are being discussed. Second part concern the free time and children´s education out of school. The theory is followed by purely practical part of my dissertation in which I conduct a research. The main question for my research was if the above mentioned aspects of the family unit can have an impact on the way a child spends their free time. Results of this probe have been concluded and demonstrated by graphs and tables at the end of the dissertation.

This thesis is a theoretical-historical attribute and focuses on the theory of classes and class conflict, on the genesis of the concept of class. The thesis will analyze the authors and directions-schools that have had an impact on the ideological founder of the concept Karl Marx and also how they developed their thinking. Marx nor any other author of the term "class, classes, class" never clearly defined. It is a historical and sociological perspective on the concept of "class", which is often defined differently, and still there is any clear definition, which would approve whole academic community. In modern societies, the term "class" is not used so often and has been replaced by the concept of social stratification. In recent years, the "classes" being discussed by worldwide experts, but the solution is still not found. Nevertheless, this work is optimistic and the author clearly advocates that the term "class" will not vanish from professional sociological discourse.

This thesis is a theoretical-historical attribute and focuses on the theory of classes and class conflict, on the genesis of the concept of class. The thesis will analyze the authors and directions-schools that have had an impact on the ideological founder of the concept Karl Marx and also how they developed their thinking. Marx nor any other author of the term "class, classes, class" never clearly defined. It is a historical and sociological perspective on the concept of "class", which is often defined differently, and still there is any clear definition, which would approve whole academic community. In modern societies, the term "class" is not used so often and has been replaced by the concept of social stratification. In recent years, the "classes" being discussed by worldwide experts, but the solution is still not found. Nevertheless, this work is optimistic and the author clearly advocates that the term "class" will not vanish from professional sociological discourse.