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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
211

Use of microbiomics to study human impacts on complex microbial communities /

Jernberg, Cecilia, January 2006 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2006. / Härtill 6 uppsatser.
212

Physiological status of bacteria used for environmental applications /

Maraha, Ninwe, January 2007 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2006. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.
213

The influence of repeated prescribed burning and forest conversion on soil fungal communities

Bastias, Brigitte A. January 2007 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Western Sydney, 2007. / A thesis submitted to the University of Western Sydney, College of Health and Science, Centre for Plant and Food Science, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Includes bibliographical references.
214

Utilization of sludge from Biyagama common wastewater treatment plant as fertilizer and soil conditioner in Sri Lanka /

Katugampalage Lalith Gamini Perera, Usanee Uyasatian, January 2007 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (M.Sc. (Industrial Ecology and Environment))--Mahidol University, 2007. / LICL has E-Thesis 0023 ; please contact computer services.
215

Effects of garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata) on soil nutrient dynamics and microbial community function and structure /

Hammer, Erin L. January 2009 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--University of Toledo, 2009. / Typescript. "Submitted as partial fulfillment of the requirements for The Master of Science Degree in Biology (Ecology-track)." "A thesis entitled"--at head of title. Bibliography: leaves 44-55.
216

Recovery of soil microbial communities after disturbance fire and surface mining /

Rana Dangi, Sadikshya. January 2008 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Wyoming, 2008. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on August 7, 2009). Includes bibliographical references.
217

Controlling Soilborne Diseases of Potato and Influencing Soil Microbiology with Brassica Cover Crops

Lynch, Ryan P. January 2008 (has links) (PDF)
No description available.
218

Impacto do lodo de curtume nos atributos biológicos e químicos do solo. / Impact of tannery sludge on the biological and chemical attributes of soil.

Alexandre Martin Martines 11 July 2005 (has links)
Devido ao seu elevado teor de nutrientes e potencial de neutralização da acidez do solo, a utilização de lodos de curtume em áreas agrícolas pode ser uma alternativa para disposição e reciclagem desses resíduos. Por outro lado, o acúmulo no solo de altas concentrações de alguns elementos, como o nitrogênio, sódio e o crômio, geralmente contidos nos lodos de curtume, podem proporcionar impactos negativos ao meio ambiente. Foram conduzidos experimentos utilizando-se três solos: Nitossolo Vermelho eutroférrico típico (NVef) com textura muito argilosa, Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo distrófico típico (LVAd) com textura argilosa e Neossolo Quartzarênico órtico típico (RQo) com textura arenosa. O lodo de curtume empregado nos experimentos foi composto de uma mistura na proporção de 1:1 de lodo do caleiro, mais o lodo primário da estação de tratamento de efluentes, resultante da precipitação dos efluentes gerados no processo, com exceção dos efluentes que contém crômio, sendo as doses aplicadas (base seca) no NVef e LVAd equivalentes a 0, 6, 12, 24, 36 Mg ha-1 e 0, 3, 6, 12, 24 Mg ha-1 para o RQo. Os experimentos conduzidos em laboratório tiveram por objetivo avaliar a cinética de degradação da fração orgânica do lodo após aplicação em doses crescentes nos solos. O delineamento experimental, para cada solo, foi inteiramente casualizado, em fatorial 5 x 21 (5 doses e 21 épocas de avaliação), com três repetições. Cada dose de lodo foi aplicada em 200 g de terra que foram colocados em frasco respirométrico de 1,5 L, hermeticamente fechado. A mineralização da fração orgânica do lodo foi determinada pela captura do CO2 liberado durante um período de 105 dias. Os dados de CO2 acumulado foram ajustados ao modelo de cinética química de primeira ordem e determinação da taxa de degradação. A taxa de degradação do carbono variou de 101,28 a 57,87%. Taxas de degradação mais elevadas podem estar relacionadas com a estimulação de decomposição de material orgânico pré-existente, decorrente da aplicação de lodo de curtume, que estimula a atividade microbiana edáfica. Já as menores taxas de degradação, que ocorreram apenas nas doses mais altas, podem estar relacionadas com tal aumento do conteúdo orgânico adicionado, que tenha suplantado a capacidade de degradação dos microrganismos contidos nos solos. Os experimentos conduzidos em casa de vegetação tiveram por objetivo avaliar as alterações microbiológicas e químicas nos solos após a aplicação de doses crescentes de lodo de curtume e seu efeito sobre a cultura da soja. O delineamento experimental, para cada solo, foi inteiramente casualizado, em fatorial 5 x 4 (5 doses e 4 épocas de avaliação) com quatro repetições. Cada parcela experimental foi constituída por um vaso plástico contendo duas plantas cultivadas em 4 kg de solo. A mineralização do nitrogênio orgânico foi mais intensa até 44 dias. As doses de 17, 23 e 6 Mg ha-1, respectivamente para o NVef, LVAd e RQo, proporcionaram ganhos de produtividade de grãos de 370, 247 e 72% em relação às testemunhas (dose 0). As doses que prejudicaram o desenvolvimento das plantas foram acima desses valores, causando a morte de algumas plantas.
219

Interaction between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and soil microbial populations in the rhizosphere

Ike-Izundu, Nnenna Esther January 2008 (has links)
This study examined the rehabilitation potential of AM fungi with organic and inorganic fertilisers under pot and field trial conditions as well as their interaction with rhizospheric organisms and specific functional groups. In addition, the study highlighted the effects of land-use management on AM fungal populations in soil and the mycorrhizal status of some selected plants from one of the study sites. The study focussed on two sites that differ in operational activities and these included a mined area that was to be rehabilitated and a commercial farming site. A pot trial was conducted using an overburdened soil resulting from kaolin clay mining. Pots were seeded with Cynodon dactylon and treated with either Organic Tea or NPK (3:1:5) fertiliser, with or without AM fungal inoculum. The compatibility of these fertilisers with AM fungi was assessed by plant growth and percentage root colonisation. Maximum shoot height and plant biomass were observed at the 28th week with NPK (3:1:5) fertiliser supporting mycorrhizal colonisation by 80%. The result indicated the potential of AM fungi to be used in rehabilitation with minimal phosphate fertiliser. Similarly, a field trial was set-up using 17 x 17 m[superscript 2] plots in the mining site that were treated with the same organic and inorganic fertilisers as well as with AM fungal inoculum in different combinations. The interaction between AM fungi and soil microbial population was determined using culture dependent and culture independent techniques. The culture dependent technique involved the use of soil dilution and plating on general purpose and selective media. The result showed that there was no change in the total culturable bacterial number in the untreated and AM fungal treated plots, while a change in species composition was observed in the functional groups. Different functional groups identified included nitrogen fixing bacteria, pseudomonads, actinomycetes, phosphate solubilisers and the fungal counterparts. Gram-positive bacteria were observed as the predominant phenotypic type, while nitrogen fixers and actinomycetes were the predominant functional groups. Species identified from each functional group were Pseudomonas fulva, Bacillus megaterium, Streptomyces and actinomycetales bacteria. Meanwhile, fungi such as Ampelomyces, Fusarium, Penicillium, Aspergillus, Cephalosporium and Exserohilium were identified morphologically and molecularly. Furthermore, the mining site had a significantly higher bacterial number than the farming site thereby indicating the effects of land-use management on culturable bacterial numbers. The culture independent technique was carried out by cloning of the bacterial 16S rDNA and sequencing. Identified clones were Bradyrhizobium, Propionibacterium and Sporichthya. A cladogram constructed with the nucleotides sequences of identified functional species, clones and closely related nucleotide sequences from the Genbank indicated that nucleotide sequences differed in terms of the method used. The activity and establishment of the introduced AM fungal population was determined by spore enumeration, infectivity assay, percentage root colonisation and assessment of glomalin concentrations. The results indicated that the two land use types affected AM fungal populations. However, the establishment of AM fungi in the farming site was more successful than in the mining site as indicated by the higher infectivity pontential. Selected host plants, which were collected around the mine area, were observed to be mainly colonised by AM fungi and these were identified as Pentzia incana, Elytropappus rhinocerotis, Euphorbia meloformis, Selago corymbosa, Albuca canadensis and Helichrysum rosum. These plant species were able to thrive under harsh environmental conditions, thereby indicating their potential use as rehabilitation host plants. Generally, the findings of this study has provided an insight into the interaction between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and other soil microorganisms in two fields with differing land use management practices.
220

Avaliação de diferentes metodologias para extração de DNA de solo sob cultivo de cana-de-açúcar

Rosa, Márcia Maria [UNESP] 12 December 2006 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-12-12Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:56:09Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 rosa_mm_me_rcla.pdf: 681766 bytes, checksum: cb1105f3a6d55aef669018000ffaad8d (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O solo é um ecossistema caracterizado pela grande complexidade de difícil estudo, devido à sua heterogeneidade, especialmente os microrganismos do solo. Atualmente, ferramentas da biologia molecular têm sido usadas para mostrar o potencial biotecnológico do solo, através dos genes microbianos. A extração direta do DNA é uma etapa importante nesse tipo de estudo, porém, continua sendo um obstáculo para a avaliação da diversidade microbiana do solo. Esses estudos no Brasil apresentam algumas dificuldades, uma vez que a maioria das técnicas foi desenvolvida para solos de clima temperado. Desta forma, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar dez diferentes técnicas para extração direta de DNA de solos em áreas de cultura de cana-de-açúcar sob manejo orgânico e convencional. A eletroforese se apresentou como a técnica mais adequada para se conhecer a eficiência da extração do DNA, através da intensidade e tamanho de suas bandas. A técnica de Selbach (SEL) apresentou melhores resultados, com bandas de DNA mais intensas e sem arraste, indicando a obtenção de uma solução com menores teores de contaminantes. Com a técnica de Direito (DIR) também se verificou bandas de DNA, porém menos fortes e sem arraste. A técnica proposta neste estudo (PRO) resultou em bandas de DNA fortes, porém com arraste, indicando a necessidade de uma etapa para purificação do DNA extraído. Esta mostrou ser a metodologia de mais fácil e rápida execução, sendo que, após processo de purificação a região 16S do DNA ribossomal, utilizando-se primers universais, foi amplificada satisfatoriamente a partir do DNA obtido do solo. Bandas de DNA apresentadas na eletroforese a partir das amostras de solo sob viii manejo orgânico foram mais intensas do que aquelas de manejo convencional. Estes resultados estão relacionados com a maior quantidade de biomassa microbiana presente no solo orgânico... . / Soil is an ecosystem characterized by a great complexity and hard to study due to its heterogeneity, especially the soil microorganisms. Nowadays, molecular biology tools have been used to show the biotechnological potential of the soil mainly through microbial genes. Direct extraction of DNA from soil is an important step in this kind of study, however it is still an obstacle for microbial diversity evaluation. Besides, the majority of techniques proposed was developed for soils from temperate climate. This work aimed to evaluate ten different techniques for soil direct DNA extraction from sugar cane crop areas under organic and conventional managements, which presented distinct results. Gel electrophoresis was the most appropriate technique to evaluate the efficiency of DNA extraction, through the intensity and size of the bands. The Selbach technique (SEL) showed the best results, with more intense DNA bands and without smearing , indicating that a DNA solution with low concentration of contaminants was obtained. With the Direito technique (DIR) DNA bands were also verified, but less intensive and also without smearing. The technique proposed in this study (PRO) resulted in intense DNA however with smearing, indicating that a DNA purification step is necessary. This technique was easy, cheap and rapid to execute, enabling the amplification of 16S rDNA (using universal primers) after DNA solution purification. The intensity of DNA bands, as revealed by electrophoresis, was higher when using DNA solution extracted from soil under organic management, which also presented higher microbial biomass. This study is a contribuition for the selection and improvement of molecular tools to the study of microbial diversity applied to Brazilian soils.

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