Submitted by Jean Medeiros (jeanletras@uepb.edu.br) on 2018-04-10T18:59:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Matheus Urtiga Sousa.pdf: 78237638 bytes, checksum: 0197954c3aa0940936038dbc7304baf4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-10T18:59:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Matheus Urtiga Sousa.pdf: 78237638 bytes, checksum: 0197954c3aa0940936038dbc7304baf4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Integrated management is a set of actions aimed at finding solutions to the problems arising from solid waste. Among the priorities of Federal Law No. 12305/2010, we highlight the selective collection and socioeconomic inclusion of collectors of recyclable materials that are commonly excluded from the formal labor market, making eminent the development of social technologies for the emancipation of these actors. In this perspective, the present work aims to develop and evaluate the management model in the Malvinas neighborhood, in Campina Grande - PB, under the perspective of social technology. The participatory and experimental research was carried out from March 2016 to November 2017, being carried out in five stages: sensitization and mobilization in environmental education, registration of residents to increase selective collection in th e neighborhood, dissemination of results in event, technological conditions employed by recyclable waste collectors under study, development (innovations) and evaluation of technologies to carry out the management of dry recyclable solid waste in said neighborhood. As a result, the following should be highlighted: Selective collection (20.84%) in the said neighborhood, as well as the development and / or adaptation of four technologies: internal collector (CMRI2) for storage inside the dwellings of the research residents (C8) for the transport of dry recyclable solid waste with dimensions 100x150x150 cm and mobile receivers (R1) for post -sorting waste in dimensions 100x100x100 cm. The positive impacts evidenced through direct observation, reports of recyclable waste collectors in the study and residents of the selective collection were: Increase in the volume of solid waste recycling (48.5%), Income increase (29.07% ), better conditions to the professional practice of material pickers, making possible the sel ective collection. Therefore, the development and application of technological alternatives, based on social technology, favored the integrated management of solid waste, by reducing negative impacts on the environment, as well as, by making feasible the professional practice of collectors of recyclable materials and selective collection in source. / A gestão integrada é um conjunto de ações voltadas para buscar de soluções da problemática oriunda dos resíduos sólidos. Dentre as prioridades da lei federal n° 12305/2010, destaca-se a coleta seletiva e inclusão socioeconômica de catadores de materiais recicláveis que comumente são excluídos de mercado de trabalho formal, tornando eminente o desenvolvimento de tecnologias sociais para emancipação destes atores. Nesta perspectiva, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo, desenvolver e avaliar o modelo de gestão no bairro Malvinas, em Campina Grande – PB, sob a ótica da tecnologia social. A pesquisa participante e experimental foi realizada no período de Março de 2016 a Novembro de 2017, sendo executada em cinco etapas: sensibilização e mobilização em educação ambiental, cadastramento dos moradores para ampliação da coleta seletiva no bairro, divulgação dos resultados em evento, levantamento das condições tecnológicas empregadas pelos catadores de materiais recicláveis em estudo, desenvolvimento (inovações) e avaliação de tecnologias para efetivação da gestão de resíduos sólidos recicláveis secos no referido bairro. Como resultados, destaca-se: A ampliação a coleta seletiva (20,84%) no bairro, bem como, o desenvolvimento e/ou adaptação de quatro tecnologias: coletor interno (CMRI2) para armazenamento no interior das residências dos moradores da pesquisa de dimensões, coletor externo (CMRE2) para armazenamento fora das residências, um veículo desmontável (T8) para transporte de resíduos sólidos recicláveis secos com dimensões 100x150x150 cm e receptores móveis (R1) para os resíduos pós triagem em dimensões 100x100x100 cm. Os impactos positivos evidenciados através da observação direta, relatos dos catadores de materiais recicláveis em estudo e morador praticante da coleta seletiva foram: Aumento no volume da coleta dos resíduos sólidos recicláveis seco (48,5%), Aumento de renda (29,07%), melhores condições ao exercício profissional dos catadores de materiais, viabilizando a coleta seletiva. Portanto, o desenvolvimento e aplicação de alternativas tecnológicas, com base na tecnologia social, favoreceu a gestão integrada de resíduos sólidos, ao reduzir impactos negativos ao meio ambiente, bem como, ao viabilizar o exercício profissional dos catadores de materiais recicláveis e a coleta seletiva na fonte geradora.

Pour appréhender l'économie circulaire spontanée à Bangangté, ville moyenne camerounaise, avec le cas des déchets solides ménagers, nous avons formulé une hypothèse principale montrant les liens forts des pratiques alternatives ou spontanées de cette gestion avec l’économie circulaire. Pour y parvenir, nous avons adopté une approche transversale, explicative et analytique. Des recherches documentaires nous ont permis d’obtenir des données relatives à notre problématique. Sur la base d’un échantillonnage aléatoire, nous avons enquêté 200 ménages dans 10 quartiers de la ville de Bangangté. De plus, nous avons réalisé 30 entretiens avec plusieurs acteurs : administration publique en charge de la gestion des déchets, entreprise Hygiène et Salubrité du Cameroun (HYSACAM), récupérateurs, emplois verts, associations, etc. Des observations empiriques, souvent illustrées, nous ont permis d’identifier et d’évaluer les facteurs de risques et les conséquences liés aux déchets solides ménagers. Nous avons pu suivre les activités de valorisation par les bangangtéens et la municipalité, pour une gestion efficace et rentable de ces déchets. Cette démarche nous a permis d’obtenir des résultats sur la caractérisation des déchets, les pratiques courantes, les filières de l’économie circulaire et la réalisation de la cartographie des gisements et composition des déchets, leur répartition par quantités et par quartiers, les sites de transformation et de vente des matières de récupération et de recyclage. A Bangangté, la pratique de l’économie circulaire de proximité a eu des conséquences socio-économiques positives et à plus de durabilité. / To understand the spontaneous circular economy of Bangangte, a Cameroonian medium-sized city, with the case of solid household waste, we formulate a main hypothesis showing the strongly linked that alternative or spontaneous practices for managing to the circular economy. To achieve this, we have adopted a transversal, explanatory and analytical approach. Documentary research permitted us to obtain data related to our topic. Based on a random sample, we surveyed 200 households in 10 neighbourhoods or quarters in Bangangte city. In addition, we conducted 30 interviews with several stakeholders : public administration in charge of waste management, Cameroon Sanitary and Hygene company (HYSACAM), reclaimers, green jobs, association, etc. Empirical observations, often illustrated, allowed us to identify and assess the risk factors and consequences related to household solid waste. We were able to monitor the recovery activities by the Bangangteans and the municipality, for the efficient and profitable waste management. This approach has enabled us to obtain results on waste characterization, current practices and the mapping of waste deposits and compostion, their distribution by quantity and neighbourhood, and the processing and sale sites for recovery and recycling materials. Knowledge of the different perceptions and ways of using waste is also important. In Bangangte, the practice of the local circular economy has had positive socio-economic and has generated more than a hundred local jobs in the field of recovery, recycling activities, composting, reuse,etc. to go further, the mutualization between several actors.