Em um sistema computacional, os dados são armazenados na unidade de armazenamento, segundo alguma lógica, em estruturas denominadas arquivos. O Sistema de Arquivos é o responsável por estruturar, identificar, acessar, proteger e gerenciar esses arquivos, além de agir como um elo de ligação entre o usuário e o dispositivo, traduzindo comandos de alta abstração (oriundos do usuário) em comandos de baixo nível, compreensível a unidade de armazenamento. O presente trabalho visa a implementação de um sistema de arquivos para aplicação em dispositivos móveis baseado em computação reconfigurável. Tal sistema servirá de suporte para as aplicações que necessitem armazenar e/ou restaurar grande volume de dados, como a aquisição de imagens digitalizadas de câmeras CMOS. Este sistema também será utilizado como uma ferramenta inicial para o desenvolvimento de um módulo de armazenamento em uma placa baseada em computação reconfigurável a ser utilizada para fins didáticos. O sistema de arquivos implementado foi a FAT16 e o dispositivo de armazenamento de massa utilizado foram os cartões de memória SD-Secure Digital e MMC-MultiMediaCard / In computational systems, usually the data are stored in storage units, according to some logic, in structures called files. The File System is responsible for structure, identification, access, protection and management of the files. It also acts as a connector link between the user and the device, translating high level commands (derived for the user) into commands of low level, understandable for the storage unit. The present work aims to implement a File System for application in mobile devices based on reconfigurable computation. Such system will act as a support for the applications that need to store and/or to restore large volume of data, such as the acquisition of digital images from CMOS cameras. This system will also be used as an initial tool for the development of a storage module of a board, based on reconfigurable computation, to be used for didactic purposes. The implemented File System is based on FAT16 and the storage device used was the memory cards SD (Secure Digital) and MMC (MultiMedia- Card)

Em um sistema computacional, os dados são armazenados na unidade de armazenamento, segundo alguma lógica, em estruturas denominadas arquivos. O Sistema de Arquivos é o responsável por estruturar, identificar, acessar, proteger e gerenciar esses arquivos, além de agir como um elo de ligação entre o usuário e o dispositivo, traduzindo comandos de alta abstração (oriundos do usuário) em comandos de baixo nível, compreensível a unidade de armazenamento. O presente trabalho visa a implementação de um sistema de arquivos para aplicação em dispositivos móveis baseado em computação reconfigurável. Tal sistema servirá de suporte para as aplicações que necessitem armazenar e/ou restaurar grande volume de dados, como a aquisição de imagens digitalizadas de câmeras CMOS. Este sistema também será utilizado como uma ferramenta inicial para o desenvolvimento de um módulo de armazenamento em uma placa baseada em computação reconfigurável a ser utilizada para fins didáticos. O sistema de arquivos implementado foi a FAT16 e o dispositivo de armazenamento de massa utilizado foram os cartões de memória SD-Secure Digital e MMC-MultiMediaCard / In computational systems, usually the data are stored in storage units, according to some logic, in structures called files. The File System is responsible for structure, identification, access, protection and management of the files. It also acts as a connector link between the user and the device, translating high level commands (derived for the user) into commands of low level, understandable for the storage unit. The present work aims to implement a File System for application in mobile devices based on reconfigurable computation. Such system will act as a support for the applications that need to store and/or to restore large volume of data, such as the acquisition of digital images from CMOS cameras. This system will also be used as an initial tool for the development of a storage module of a board, based on reconfigurable computation, to be used for didactic purposes. The implemented File System is based on FAT16 and the storage device used was the memory cards SD (Secure Digital) and MMC (MultiMedia- Card)

This thesis presents the design and implementation of a high-speed read-access STT MRAM. The proposed design includes a 2T1MTJ cell topology, along with two different read schemes: current-based and voltage-based. Compared to the conventional read scheme with 1T1MTJ cells, the proposed design is capable of reducing the loading on the read circuit to minimize the read access time. A complete STT MRAM test chip including the proposed and the conventional schemes was fabricated in 90nm CMOS technology. The 16kb test chip's measurement results confirm a read access time of 6ns and a write access time of 10ns. The read time is 25% faster than other works of similar array size published thus far, while the write time is able to match the fastest result.

This thesis presents the design and implementation of a high-speed read-access STT MRAM. The proposed design includes a 2T1MTJ cell topology, along with two different read schemes: current-based and voltage-based. Compared to the conventional read scheme with 1T1MTJ cells, the proposed design is capable of reducing the loading on the read circuit to minimize the read access time. A complete STT MRAM test chip including the proposed and the conventional schemes was fabricated in 90nm CMOS technology. The 16kb test chip's measurement results confirm a read access time of 6ns and a write access time of 10ns. The read time is 25% faster than other works of similar array size published thus far, while the write time is able to match the fastest result.

Rare-earth ions in crystalline hosts have been identified as attractive media for quantum optical applications where record-high coherence times, quantum storage efficiency in solids, and quantum storage bandwidth have been demonstrated. Among rare-earth ions, Erbium uniquely possesses optical transitions at 1.5 micrometer region, making it suitable for integration with fiber telecommunication and silicon photonics. However, the intra-4f optical transitions are parity forbidden for rare-earth ions. Although, transitions are observed due to the interaction of the 4f valence electrons' energy levels with crystal fields or the lattice vibrations, the photon emission rate is prolonged for these ions. For example, Er³⁺ excited state lifetime for 1530nm transition is around 10 ms, which is about a million times longer than the excited state lifetime of alkali atoms like cesium and rubidium. There have been some recent works showing enhanced emission rate of erbium ions by about 10³ times by building a nano-photonic cavity to reach high Purcell factors. Our alternative approach to solving this problem is to use an ensemble of ions instead of a single ion to induce collective interactions in a suitable platform. In one experiment, we fabricated a SiN micro-ring resonator and implanted 10⁴ isotopically pure ¹⁶⁸Er ions in narrow segments located precisely in solids. The segments are typically separated by 0.962nm corresponding to multiples of the wavelength of Er emission at 1520nm. And we showed that when the lattice of ions is commensurate with the wavelength of the light, the scattering loss caused by the other ions is reduced. We have demonstrated for the first time that how designing atomic geometries in a solid-state photonic system can reduce the radiative loss due to spontaneous emission of ions into other photonic channels. This phenomenon is analogous to the Borrmann effect seen in x-ray transmissions of crystals at the Bragg angle of incidence. We have also shown how the interference between the optical cavity mode and atomic Bragg mode generates Fano-type resonance features. We performed these measurements using erbium ions in the SiN host. The limitations such as low coherence time and large inhomogeneous broadening in this platform prohibit observing cooperative and quantum behavior. To improve the optical property of erbium ions and study other cooperative effects, we engineered an effective ion array in an Er-doped Yttrium Orthosilicate crystal which can exhibit higher coherence time and narrower inhomogeneous broadening compared to SiN. So, we used the spectral hole burning technique to make an atomic grating in randomly distributed Er ions inside YSO. Two counter-propagating pump pulses created a standing wave inside the crystal, which enabled the creation of spectral holes only near the antinode locations. At the same time, atoms near nodes remain in the ground state. Such atomic population grating behaved like an atomic array. We have seen coherent backscattering up to 20% of the incident probe from this atomic grating resembling a mirror. To increase the reflection efficiency, we tried to increase the ion concentration in the YSO crystal. But, at high concentrations, the dipole-dipole interaction increases the broadening and decoherence rates of the ions. To increase the optical density without increasing the ion concentration, we fabricated long waveguides in SiN and LiNbO₃ with rare-earth ions implanted inside.As a future direction, we are trying to increase the reflection efficiency from the atomic grating to the point where we can see atomic mirror-assisted light trapping. We are also trying to see long-range co-operative behavior from rare-earth ion-doped crystals and rare-earth ions implanted inside long waveguides. This can open possibilities of new quantum photonic device engineering for applications in scalable and multiplexed quantum networks.