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A taxonomic revision of the Bulimulidae of Sonora, Mexico is undertaken. The existing species are redescribed and their ranges given. Four new species are described and one species synonymized on the basis of anatomical and conchological characteristics. In addition a new genus, Drymaeus Albers, 1850, is recorded for the state and several species are reassigned from Rabdotus Albers, 1850 to Naesiotus Albers, 1850. The zoogeography of the Sonoran species and genera is also presented along with their relationships to congenerics in the rest of North America. It was determined that one of these genera Naesiotus has a North American-South American disjunct distribution and that both it and Rabdotus probably had Southern Hemisphere origins. The mechanisms of isolation and dispersal are discussed and a microplate tectonics model is presented to explain them. The Gondwanaland distribution of the subfamily is also described.

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El Alacran, northern Sonora, Mexico, is a high-level, Laramide porphyry copper deposit encompassing an east-west elongated altered and mineralized area of 2.7 by 6 km. A small quartz latite porphyry plug forcefully intrudes comagmatic(?) Late Cretaceous or Early Tertiary andesitic to quartz latite volcaniclastic rocks.Veinlet-controlled and pervasive potassic, Type I phyllic, and transition type alteration with related base-metal mineralization postdates pervasive propylitic alteration and is related in space and time to the intrusive and its associated intrusion-breccia annulus. Potassic alteration is dated by K-Ar at 55.4 +- 1.2 m.y. Later pervasive and veinlet-controlled Type II phyllic and minor advanced argillic alteration is associated with intrusive breccia dikes and pipes which are genetically related to degassing of the system. Minor veinlet-controlled late-stage alteration followed. Hypogene zoning is exhibited by alteration, mineralization, total sulfide volume, mineralized fracture density, and geochemistry with zoning being centered over or to the east of the exposed intrusive. Supergene enrichment processes have modified hypogene sulfides, oxides, and silicates and have formed a copper enriched blanket which underlies a leached cap. The blanket is characterized by a chalcocite zone which grades downward into a bornite-digenite-covellite zone and then into low-grade protore. Although the enriched blanket appears to be subeconomic, this study indicates potential for a deep, high-grade protore zone.

This dissertation offers a reformulation of social organization in eastern Sonora from the thirteenth to sixteenth centuries based on survey and excavation data collected in the Moctezuma Valley, Sonora, Mexico. Prior researchers, utilizing Spanish exploration era documents, argued for the presence of territorial polities that controlled large sections of river valleys with an elite class supported by the management of long distance trade. Previous archaeological research demonstrated hierarchy in settlement patterns, but differed in interpretations regarding the methods of "elite" ascendance. This dissertation addresses questions of both the scale of political organization and its likely underpinnings. Multiple data sets including artifact style boundaries, settlement pattern analysis, and consideration of ecological parameters demonstrate political organization rarely reached beyond local sections of river valleys. This suggests dozens of locally autonomous settlement communities were present in an area previously argued to contain less than ten political units. Additionally, application of a diverse set of provenance techniques facilitated testing previous hypothesis regarding exchange in the region. The character of regional exchange systems appears to be mostly through down-the-line acquisition, likely orchestrated by aspirant leaders at the level of local settlement communities. These interactions rarely reached beyond near neighbors and excluded some immediately adjacent settlement communities. In contrast, the exchange of mundane ceramics crossed these same boundaries, indicating different segments of society forged incongruous social networks. In summary, these data suggest the region would be a very poor conduit for long distance exchange, most aspirant leaders had only limited access to social valuables, and that the social landscape was sufficiently volatile that most households sought exterior ties as a means of risk reduction. Local warfare in conjunction with demographic and ecological factors are argued to play the predominant roles in generating the political landscape of eastern Sonora. Overall, small scales of political consolidation and minimal hierarchical control characterized the broader region.

Objetivo: Determinar la influencia del ruido ambiental, ocupacional en la perturbación de los trabajadores del colegio Trilce en el distrito de Huancayo, provincia de Huancayo, Región Junín, en el año 2015. Métodos: en este trabajo de investigación se utiliza la investigación científica, método Inductivo – Deductivo, tipo de investigación aplicada de nivel descriptivo. Se ha utilizado el método por modelación de mapeo de ruidos Surfer. También se utilizó un cuestionario para cuantificación de estrés y fatiga tanto psíquica como fisiológica para conocer los efectos personales adversos debido a exposición de presión sonora en el colegio Trilce; así mismo se utilizó sonómetro tipo 1 para las mediciones ambientales y dosímetros para los ruidos ocupacionales. / Tesis

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