This study of ButIer's poetry proceeds chronologically in accordance with the dates of composition of his poems. The first task has, therefore, been the compilation of a chronology of his poems. Butler rarely dates his poems; nor does he keep a diary. Yet there are several criteria which make sensible dating of his poems possible. The first is the date of publication of individual poems. Many of the poems which appear in one or more of the five collections were published earlier in army magazines, student newspapers, and the like. A work which can be traced back to one of these early sources may be assumed to have been written fairly soon before its date of publication. Another criterion is subject. It is possible to discern periods in the poet's career in relation to the subjects of his poems. The most obvious example is the War Period. Allied to subject is the criterion of theme. To use the War Period again, poems written during or immediately after the war years all treat the theme of man's dehumanisation. Both subject and theme are linked with biography. It is often possible to ascertain Butler's location from details in the poem; knowledge of his movements thus enables one to date such a poem. Butler's style is the most significant criteion. This study is based on the observation that his style develops as time passes. The Butler of the Sixties is different from the Butler of the Fifties as far as style of writing is concerned. A poem which defies dating on all other grounds cannot escape this ultimate test. Each of these criteria - date of publication, subject matter and theme linked to biography, and style - has limited reliability as a guide to dating the poems. But combined they are a meaningful instrument to assist in the structuring of a chronology whose most valuable source was the poet himself who was kind enough to search his memory for dates. The fact that Butler rewrote or revised a number of his poems several times does of course raise the question: Is the first version merely a stage in the development of the poem, or a poem in its own right? This study is based on the opinion that a poem is a poem, regardless of the number of versions which precede or follow it, provided it is a complete statement. Each version should, in fact, be regarded as representative of the poet's thoughts, feelings, and skills at the time he wrote it, and is lndependent of subsequent versions. For the purposes of this chronology, poems have been placed at the time of the experience from which they grew. This thesis does, however , take cognizance of the ehanges in style or theme later versions may reveal.

No abstract available Copyright / Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Mercantile Law / unrestricted

Leadership and governance have been under scrutiny and the object of debate for decades in public and private sector, as well as in Public Administration discourse in general. Such debates are fuelled by theories that seem to be embedded within Public Administration. It is because both practitioners and scholars of Public Administration continue to allude to underpinning theories, even in modern public administration, regarding bureaucracy or organisational design, decision-making, leadership, the human element in public administration, systems, policy and environmental analysis, as well as their importance in public administration. The aforementioned aspects are regarded as pillars in conceptual analysis of public administration and become useful in understanding the role of leaders in public organisations, the importance of systems to improve governance and understanding of public finance in public administration. This will in turn lead to an understanding of public financial management systems in order to ascertain whether the government departments do apply, understand and comply public financial management systems as crafted within different policy frameworks. Such a conceptual analysis of public administration is crucial to this research as it provides a fundamental theoretical framework for the study. It gives meaning to ‘public finance in public administration’ and also put the study into the context of public administration. What is to be borne in mind is that public administration does not operate in a cocoon, but is exposed to environmental factors like social, economical, political and technological factors. It is therefore significant that public servants, the leadership in particular, display a high level of ability to analyse and scrutinise such an environment because the latter has an influence on internal departmental operations, the approach to service delivery and policy frameworks in general. This research also shows that there is a shift from traditional public administration towards public management. The former is regarded to be focusing on rules, control, strict procedures and inputs instead of results (outcomes) and the latter is known for innovation in service delivery, flexibility and accountability and the promotion of managerialism. The study reveals that the South African Public Service through its reforms has adopted public ‘management’ instead of ‘administration’. Such reforms are explicitly reflected in its evolving public finance management systems that originate from the South African Constitution, 1996 and implemented by Public Finance Management Act (PFMA), 1999. It is in this context that the PFMA is observed as a model of governance in the Public Service and also used as a case study throughout the research. In explaining governance from the public finance perspective, institutions and structures that support governance are identified, integrated approach to risk management is also identified in order to support the theory of governance and its application in the Public Service. Therefore, the study analyses leadership, particularly the managerial leadership by focusing and scrutinising on senior management service (SMS) in the South African Public Service, as well as governance. The PFMA will be used as a case study by taking into account public finance management systems in the public service. / Thesis (PhD (Public Affairs))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / School of Public Management and Administration (SPMA) / PhD / unrestricted

The South African Customs Union (SACU) is one of the many regional trade arrangements that litter the African continent. However unlike its counterparts it is unique in terms of the huge disparities between the economic states of its member states. SACU is currently struggling to redefine itself from its historical trimmings as a plumped up South African foreign policy tool to a regional body that caters for the needs of all its member nations. Key to this purported transformation would be how SACU copes with the increased presence of foreign multinational companies within the common market and coupled to this the persistent threat from established South African companies on infant industries within smaller SACU states. This dissertation highlights the potential role of competition policy as a market correcting mechanism within the regional context. It does so by shedding insights as to the workings of competition law, its natural impediments, modifications it would require and the objectives which it can be used to achieve. It considers the current state of competition law within SACU both on the domestic and regional front and compares them with examples found in other regional arrangements. It strives having regard to peculiarities within SACU to draw attention to shortfalls in its current approach to competition issues and makes a case for the modifying the current modus operandi. It proceeds from the viewpoint that without a fortification of SACU current approach to competition issues, the huge lacuna currently existing would deprive the regional body of any true gains to be made from trade liberalisation. It also proposes a regional competition policy as a means of controlling the ever present threat of established South African to infant industries in smaller SACU states and hopes this instrument will have the secondary effect of easing political tensions within the union. It makes an important call that special consideration be given towards smaller SACU states noting the cost and burden of implementing competition policy. It also considers the role competition law plays within a development framework dispelling prevailing conceptions within certain schools that it stunts growth of industries. It factors into its analysis, the ongoing negotiations between the European Union and SADC. It holds these processes as placing a further impetus on SACU nations to consider a movement from the current positive comity form which competition policy takes in the region by declaring it to be a weak form of cooperation and unsuited to effectively managing the new challenges that successfully negotiated EPA’s would place on competition authorities within SACU. Ultimately it proposes that SACU requires a strengthened competition policy to secure the gains from international trade but that more importantly it requires the right form of policy, a policy created in consideration of its history, current tensions, developmental needs, that foresees the potential for harm inherent in the EPA process and a policy that appreciates the burden a generic law might place on its member states. Its solution to the current crisis is a hybrid system incorporating elements of the EC supranational competition directorate and CARICOM special and differential treatment provisions. / Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Centre for Human Rights / unrestricted

Many scholars, consultants and practitioners have recently focused their attention on ownership as a psychological phenomenon. It is theorised that formal ownership can produce positive attitudinal and behavioural effects through psychologically experienced ownership, and that the psychological sense of ownership may form an integral part of the individual’s relationship with the organisation. It is suggested that the presence of psychological ownership among organisational members can have a positive effect on organisational effectiveness and promote staff retention. Psychological ownership is defined as a state in which individuals feel as though the target of ownership or a piece of it is “theirs” (i.e. “It is mine!”). The main aim of the study was to explore psychological ownership from a theoretical and content validity perspective in order to develop a multi-dimensional measure of psychological ownership for South African organisations. The measure could be utilised as both a measurement and diagnostic tool to determine psychological ownership. The research methodology followed an extensive literature review of scholarly articles. A multi-dimensional framework for psychological ownership was developed, consisting of promotion-orientated and prevention-orientated psychological ownership dimensions. Promotion-orientated psychological ownership consists of six theory-driven components: self-efficacy, self-identity, sense of belonging, accountability, autonomy and responsibility. Territoriality was identified as a preventative form of psychological ownership. A panel of nine scholarly experts evaluated the validity of items and the entire theory-based instrument. Lawshe’s (1975) quantitative approach to content validity was applied in this study. The instrument was administered to a non-probability convenience sample N = 712). The sample comprised employed professional, highly skilled and skilled individuals in various South African organisations operating in both the private and public sector. The sample was randomly split into two subsets. A sample of n = 356 was used for the development of a model and the remaining half was used for validating the results that were attained from the first half. Exploratory factor analysis was performed on the one subset n = 356). Parallel analysis signified four significant factors. The study resulted in a four-factor measure comprising 35 items that was named the South African Psychological Ownership Questionnaire (SAPOS). The four factors of the SAPOS were labelled Identification, Responsibility, Autonomy and Territoriality respectively. Results of the second-order factor analysis confirmed the existence of two distinctive dimensions: promotion-orientated and prevention-orientated psychological ownership. Promotion-orientated psychological ownership comprises three components: Identification, Responsibility and Autonomy. Territoriality was identified as a dimension of preventative psychological ownership. Examination of internal consistency revealed highly satisfactory Cronbach alpha coefficients for all four factors (Identification: _= .939; Responsibility: _= .871; Autonomy: _= .874; Territoriality: _= .776). Confirmatory factor analysis on the second subset of the sample (n = 356) confirmed the four-factor model. The chi-square/df ratio (1.7), CFI (.904), RMSEA (.045), and SRMR (0.59) values met the minimum recommended standards, indicating a reasonable fit. According to the results, all items demonstrated adequate convergent validity. Examination of the variance-extracted estimates confirmed discriminant validity within the model. Evidence of criterion-related validity was provided. Promotive psychological ownership was positively related to affective commitment and job satisfaction and negatively related to turnover intentions. Independent sample t-tests and the analysis of variance technique indicated that differences exist between employees varying in biographical variables with regard to the specific dimensions (Identification, Responsibility, Autonomy and Territoriality) underlying the concept of psychological ownership. The theoretical relevance of this study is its expansion of the five-dimensional theorydriven measure of psychological ownership developed by Avey and colleagues (2009). This study expanded on their theoretical model by adding two additional promotionfocused dimensions, namely Autonomy and Responsibility. The existence of a new measure will further contribute to the body of knowledge by filling the void for such a measuring instrument for South African organisations. The methodological relevance of this study is the contribution of a multidimensional scale evidencing substantial reliability and validity for evaluating people’s psychological ownership toward their organisation. The practical relevance of this study is the contribution of a multi-dimensional measure of psychological ownership that can be utilised by Human Resource professionals and managers for clarifying psychological ownership of employees within the specific context of a multi-cultural society such as that in South Africa. Understanding and utilising the measure has the potential to increase staff retention and productivity. If a sense of psychological ownership can be created among employees by addressing the factors measured by the instrument, an enhanced workplace can be established, ensuring sustainable performance during uncertain economic times. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Human Resource Management / unrestricted

Music in the learning area Arts and Culture and the subject Music fight for survival in rural South Africa. Neither more experienced educators nor new generalist teachers were trained to teach the four art forms of Arts and Culture. Courses for Arts and Culture as learning area at universities are scarce and the courses that do exist mostly cater for students who already have a background in music. Other courses again only cover two or three art forms and do not follow the actual school curriculum for Arts and Culture. This then leaves the educator unprepared to deal with the realities of the learning area. Many principals and educators regard Arts and Culture as a filler subject for educators who do not have enough lessons on their timetables. The lack of knowledge amongst educators, a curriculum with no logical progression and scarcity of resources have resulted in learners who are inadequately prepared for and not interested to continue with Music as subject in grade 10 to 12 which in turn leads to fewer music students at universities and fewer music educators. This thesis aimed to pinpoint some of the challenges in Music and suggest possible solutions to start a remedial process to get Music back into schools. Educators, principals and subject advisors were consulted regarding the challenges they are experiencing in music and suggestions and possible solutions were sought from literature and experts in the field of music. The finding has been that similar challenges are experienced throughout South Africa and these challenges are amplified in rural areas. The present situation where untrained educators have to teach a specialist area like music as part of Arts and Culture can only be improved with an ongoing process of intensive workshops and mentoring programmes for in-service educators by subject advisors who are qualified in music and music experts who have an in-depth knowledge of the school curriculum. It will also be advisable for the Department of Basic Education to appoint more subject advisors and also appoint them according to their specialization area/s so that they are capable of assisting educators effectively. / Thesis (DMus)--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Music / unrestricted

The study attempts to evaluate the usability and effectiveness of an agricultural information booklet known as Sunflower production: A concise guide targeted at small-scale rural farmers in a South African developmental context. The main objectives are to establish the target audience’s current knowledge of printed information as well as to examine the elements of the text such as appreciation, comprehension, and acceptance. This study also attempts to explore demographics and socio-economic factors as possible barriers to the effectiveness of communication in a developmental context. The argument is that the viability of, and prospects for effective communication with the small-scale rural farmers depend on two interrelated aspects vis-à-vis usability and effectiveness. Firstly, usability is the extent to which a communication ‘product’ such as the information booklet can be used by specific users to achieve specific goals with effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction in a specified context such as agricultural development. Secondly, effectiveness is the completeness and the accuracy with which users achieve specified goals. It often relies on the presentation of information in a way that is understandable to the users. Doak and Doak (1996: 73) argue that although many types of material are suitable, most current information documents have shortcomings that make them difficult to understand. A serious shortcoming includes too much information in the document, which discourages poor readers and tends to obscure the priority of information for all readers. Sometimes the readability levels become too high for the average person. The reader is not asked to interact with the material, so the opportunity for learning and recall is lost. In most instances, difficult, uncommon words are seldom explained through examples. This is an empirical study that attempts to approach the world of research subjects, in this case small-scale rural farmers, with the minimum of preconceived ideas and to look at the phenomenon under discussion, namely usability and effectiveness. It has a predominantly descriptive nature and is focused on the distinguishing characteristics of text focus, expert judgement and reader/user focus. These issues were investigated during the research conducted among small-scale rural farmers in the North West province of South Africa. The booklet was also evaluated with the intention to establish which meaning the receivers find in the booklet on sunflower production and whether these messages really communicate the desired information. The research established that the material is not suitable for the target audience. The findings of the study provided valuable information for development communication message design. It is clear that the dissemination of development information in the rural context must be revised to ensure effectiveness. This study supports the hypothesis that if the presentation of information is not appropriate for a specific target audience, the communication will not be effective. / Dissertation (MA(Development Communication))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Information Science / unrestricted

The Namibian meat industry relies on the export of weaners to the South African feedlot industry while the largest part of the cattle population in the communal areas of Namibia remain underutilised. Producing a marketable cattle carcass for slaughter, which contributes the most to the Namibian economy, remains a challenge that needs a high level of understanding of all management variables under control by the rangeland manager. The nutritional requirements of cattle are one the important areas for maximising the return from the land and ensuring long term sustainability of the farming enterprise. A commercial farming enterprise, with the same climate and sandy soils that were predominantly found in the communal farming areas of Namibia, was chosen as experimental site. Three groupings of cattle were exposed to different experimental techniques and treatments over a 15 month trial period. The first grouping of cattle was 6 oesophageal fistulated cattle used, to collect veld samples selected by the cattle, every 3 weeks to estimate the contribution of the tree and shrub savannah towards the diet of the cattle. The second grouping was 110 cattle allocated to different nutrient supplementation treatments for slaughter at 28months of age. Five different nutrient supplementation treatments were chosen for 5 groups of 22 cattle, consisting of steers and heifers, for the duration of the period on an ad libitum basis. The 5 treatments were applied to illustrate the economic concept of diminishing marginal returns as the increasing feeding cost progressively deteriorated the amount of profit that would be expected. The optimal supplementation strategy would thus be identified according to the financial resources available to a farmer. Some of the treatments were also planned to progressively result in negative associative effects on forage intake, as energy containing raw materials in such treatments would replace the intake of natural available forage. The need for replacing forage was a common practice in droughts when the availability of forage was limiting or when the finishing of cattle during a short period before slaughter was planned. The cattle needed to be foraging less to conserve energy and thus increase protein accretion and fat deposition. The control of the experiment was the rock salt treatment group (RST) which only received a rock salt lick throughout the dry and wet seasons of the year. This was generally used for the supplementation of wildlife and cattle on rangeland in Namibia and it placed nearly no strain on the finances of a farmer. The remaining four treatments received commercially manufactured lick products with a diverse set of applications that were not strictly used according to the manufacturer's guidelines. During the wet season it was a well-established practice to only supplement with phosphorus and trace mineral containing licks due to the forage having maximum nutritional value during this time in which no additional benefit would be derived from the supplementation of protein and energy containing licks. All treatments, except for the rock salt treatment group (RST), were thus placed on a phosphorus and trace mineral lick during the wet season as part of the nutrient supplementation treatment programs. Different licks were made available to the cattle in the treatment groups, during the dry season, from which the treatment groups derived their names. One group was placed on a phosphorus and trace mineral lick for the duration of the trial, during the wet and dry season, and defined as the 6% phosphorus treatment group (6%PT). A maintenance treatment group (MTT) received protein in addition to phosphorus in the lick during the dry season. The production treatment group (PDT) received energy containing raw materials in addition to the minerals and protein as established in the MTT. The finisher treatment group (FST) received a larger amount of energy containing materials which diluted the mineral and protein concentration of the dry season lick even further than in the PDT. The third experimental procedure was to establish a group of 5 ruminally cannulated cattle that would individually be rotated every 3 weeks between the supplement fed treatment groups. The cattle would then be sampled for ruminal fluid, blood and faeces to observe the short term impact of the supplements during the different seasons on these variables and the diagnostic value of these parameters to indicate the nutritional status of cattle. The results clearly illustrated that the cattle had exhibited “nutritional wisdom”. The selection of higher quality plant material than what was on offer in the veld was highlighted in a review of previous oesophageal fistulated cattle research. The strong influence of rainfall on the forage quality (increased phosphorus and protein) was highlighted. During spring the phosphorus and protein reached their maximum concentrations. It was only during the wet season that animal performances were optimised when the quantity of high quality forage increased. The average daily ad libitum nutrient supplement consumption per animal on the different treatments was strongly influenced by these seasonal changes in forage quality and quantity. The lick intake increased as the dry season progressed and the quality of the forage the animals were able to select decreased. During spring the lick intake sharply decreased as the forage quality improved. The cattle adapted their intake level with the aim of maximising their energy intake, which resulted in the highest possible performance possible, from the forage and lick that was on offer to them. Monitoring the average monthly lick intake per animal would give valuable information to the farmer on the quality of the forage selected. The trends observed in average lick intake during the year could be used as an inexpensive indicator of veld qualit. An upper threshold could be set on lick intakes that would signal that a specific area was optimally grazed and that a camp rotation would aid in conserving the rangeland and optimise animal performance. The year round supplementation of rock salt lick group (RST), or alternatively no nutrient supplement, under these conditions had clearly shown a minimal contribution to the nutritional status of cattle and that this strategy would lead to certain financial underperformance or ruin of the cattle farmer. From the results presented, the year round supplementation with a phosphorus and trace mineral lick (6%PT) was indicated as the absolute minimum nutrient supplementation strategy that would need to be followed in all communal and commercial cattle farming areas of Namibia and probably similar farming locations around the world. Free access to phosphorus licks throughout the year to growing cattle must be ensured by the farmer to allow the cattle to select the correct amount that it would require to optimise performance. This strategy required the least amount of capital to implement and had the largest return on investment for a newly established farmer. If limited amounts of energy containing materials (molasses, maize, bran) were included in the nutrient supplement on offer it allowed the animal the opportunity to only consume the minimum amount of phosphorus that it required throughout the year to balance the shortages that occurred in the forage that it was selecting from. The finisher lick given during the dry season on the FST clearly illustrated that salt and phosphorus were poor regulators of supplemental intake if the cattle were able to increase their total energy retention by over consuming and probably excreting of minerals. The optimum nutrient supplementation strategy was the MTT that alleviated the primary phosphorus and secondary protein shortages during the dry season. This strategy had a much higher capital requirement and would be most suitable for the established cattle farmer that was able to afford this strategy or had access to credit. The PDT and FST were associated with higher supplementation costs that resulted in the highest turnover for the cattle farmer, although at lower profit than the MTT. The PDT and FST supplementation strategies would be more appropriate if the improved nutritional status of the cattle was utilised in a cow herd for improved reproduction or in stud farming when genetic expression of growth potential would offset the cost of supplementation. Copyright / Dissertation (MSc(Agric))--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Animal and Wildlife Sciences / unrestricted

Over the past few years, social media have become both a part of everyday life and a topic of research interest. The impact of the increased use of social media and their integration into society is important from the human science, business and organisational perspectives. This study set out to establish the factors influencing the increased application of social media in the South African public relations (PR) industry. Research conducted in other countries indicates that the impact of social media on PR practice is profound, and there exists a research gap for similar insights in South African PR practice. Specifically, all research on the topic has so far been conducted on developed economies and in first world countries. There is therefore a need to conduct research in a third world country with an emerging economy such as South Africa. The main purpose of the study was to investigate how social media are impacting on organisations, and therefore PR practice, in the South African context by replicating a study carried out internationally. The secondary purpose was to compare the results of the South African study with those of the original study, which was conducted mainly in first world countries with developed economies. The study aimed to contribute to the theoretical body of knowledge as follows: <ul> <li> First, from a practical perspective, the findings will be of future assistance to South African PR practitioners in identifying the possible impact and effects that social media could have, and might already have had, on communication strategies and objectives.</li> <li> Secondly, the study determined the extent to which social media are impacting on the PR industry in South Africa. It compares the results with the research findings by Wright and Hinson (2009) in other first world countries.</li> <li> Finally, the study adds an academic theoretical dimension to the research, having been conducted in the context of a meta-theoretical framework. IT therefore offers offered an academic explanation of the study and its results, as an additional contribution to the existing body of knowledge.</li></ul> The 11 research objectives for the study were empirically tested by using a cross-sectional quantitative survey design. The survey was a replica of the one used in the original study. Data collected from the Likert-type scale questions were analysed using the Chi square method to determine probability results. The theoretical and literature review confirmed that the impact of social media on communication and PR practice is significant. The review also indicated that it is important to investigate this impact in a third world country, as internet penetration into these countries is very different from that of first world countries. The empirical section of the research showed that most of the respondents in the South African study agreed that the emergence of social media has changed the ways in which organisations communicate and handle both internal and external communication. In this South African study, most respondents agreed that social media and mainstream media complement each other; social media enhance the practice of PR, but respondents rated them very low in terms of accuracy, credibility, truth and ethics. However, respondents gave social media high marks for offering organisations suggestions for low-cost ways in which to develop relationships with members of various strategic publics, serving as a watchdog for traditional mainstream media, and impacting on corporate and organisational transparency. Subjects in the study felt strongly that research and measurement were important for organisations in determining what is being said about them in social media channels. However, very few of the subjects in all three studies have claimed to be actually conducting such research. The present study also inquired about the percentage of workdays respondents spend on activities with blogs and other social media. The study found that three times more South African practitioners are spending 50% or more of their time on blogs and with other social media, compared with respondents in the international survey. Results indicated that, overall, social media are having a positive effect on PR practice in South Africa. However, the overall perception by PR practitioners is that, in comparison with traditional media, social media have a long way to go in terms of accuracy, truth and ethical standards. If these platforms do perform as badly on the ethical level as PR practitioners perceive, there must surely be a significant need for organisational reputation management. There is also a significant need for organisations to design and implement research structures to monitor social media communication on their organisations, brands and messaging. Findings suggest that PR managers could use traditional media communication together with social media, as the two seem complementary to each other, and will become even more so in the future. PR communications strategies should allow for organisations to respond more rapidly to criticism than in the past. They should also incorporate transparency and ethical practice into organisational communication, as the nature of social media demands that organisations hold to higher ethical principles. Copyright / Dissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Communication Management / MCom / Unrestricted

This dissertation focuses on the fact that despite a constitutional guarantee to the contrary, South Africans are in fact losing their South African citizenship as a result of gaining foreign citizenship by way of a voluntary and formal act. Specific attention is paid to the difficulty of interpreting the widely generalised designation “a voluntary and formal act” in order to decide exactly whether and when citizenship is actually lost, particularly in light of the said guarantee. The dissertation dwells generally on the means of acquisition, loss and deprivation of citizenship, but then proceeds naturally to the issue of loss of citizenship by way of a voluntary and formal act and how, if at all, citizenship can be restored in such instances. Special attention is paid to significant landmark procedural changes occurring in 1995 in the acquisition of foreign citizenship by South Africans. The affected procedures include applications for exemption, retention, resumption, determination of status and the right to retain permanent residence. The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa guarantees that no citizen may be deprived of their citizenship and yet South Africans are indeed losing their citizenship. An investigation is conducted into the procedural fairness, right to written reasons and the reasonableness of the procedures followed by the Department of Home Affairs in depriving South African citizens of their South African citizenship. A comparative survey of South African citizenship laws and those of the United Kingdom, Germany, the United States of America and Zimbabwe is followed by suggestions deemed constructive in view of the variously intransient positions adopted by the surveyed countries on the pertinent issue of loss of citizenship due to acquiring foreign citizenship. The solutions offered towards rectifying the current procedures followed by the Department of Home Affairs, and towards increasing public awareness and understanding of the law on this issue include proposed amendments to legislation, procedural changes and the upgrading of administrative systems in the said Department in order to handle loss of citizenship and related consequences more effectively. Direct correspondence was conducted with the Citizenship Section of Head Office of the Department of Home Affairs, in compliance with the rules and procedures of the Ethics Committee of the University of Pretoria, in order to gain clarity on the issues at hand. / Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Public Law / unrestricted