Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T16:58:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Christiane Molina Camilo.pdf: 5089007 bytes, checksum: 4bbb9dcc965747c925f9c92e744ed478 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-10-18 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The aim of the present work is to analyze the curricula prescription in the Geometry teaching nowadays, taking as a base theorical models such as Euclidianism, Almost-empiric and Construtivism made by teacher and researcher Josep Gascón. In this research, we aim to answer the following questions: How can the theorical models called Euclidianism, Almost-empiric and Construtivism be identified in the particular route of Geometry teaching and what is its implication to the curricula organization on Basic Teaching? Analyzing the curricula prescription to the teachings of Geometry nowadays, what is its base and how are they being worked effectively in the classroom? To have this work developed, a biographical and documental research was organized and analyzed through books which were used in the 1930 s and the 1970 s up to the present moment. On a second moment a study was made about how the present curricula is being developed in the classroom, in the final four years of the Elementary school, of two school located in the cities of São Bernardo do Campo and Guarulhos. Six teachers answered a questionnaire where they reported the work which was developed in Geometry in 2005. The study was complemented with the analysis of the planning documents produced by the teachers on the same year. The results show that the theorical models of Gascón can be identified and that probably influenced the teaching of Geometry in different analyzed decades. On documents and books a significant presence of Euclidianism was noticed even before The Moviment of Modern Mathematics; the emergence of an Almost-empiric feature as in the project Experimental Geometry in the 70 s and that still nowadays remains in the curricula, and also the small presence of a Construtivist perspective in learning-teaching experience of Geometry. Even though there are indications of Construtivist perspective in the National Curricular Parameters, they are not explicit. It is still observed that although teachers refer to these documents, an Almost-empiric feature in the teachings of Geometry is adopted / A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar a trajetória das prescrições curriculares para o ensino de Geometria tomando por base os modelos teóricos denominados Euclidianista, Quase-empirista e Construtivista apresentados pelo professor e pesquisador Josep Gascón. Com esse estudo pretendemos responder as seguintes questões: Como os modelos teóricos denominados Euclidianista, Quase-empirista e Construtivista são identificados na trajetória particular do ensino de Geometria e qual a implicação disso para a organização curricular na Educação Básica? Analisando as prescrições curriculares para o ensino de Geometria hoje, qual a sua base e como estão sendo colocadas em prática na sala de aula? Para desenvolvermos este trabalho, inicialmente analisamos documentos curriculares e atividades geométricas propostas em alguns livros didáticos das décadas de 1930 até 1970 e atuais. Num segundo momento realizamos um estudo sobre como os currículos atuais estão sendo desenvolvidos em sala de aula, em turmas dos quatro anos finais do Ensino Fundamental, de duas escolas localizadas em São Bernardo do Campo e Guarulhos. Seis professores responderam a um questionário em que relataram o trabalho com Geometria que desenvolveram no ano de 2005. Complementamos esse estudo com a análise dos planos de ensino desses docentes, elaborados e desenvolvidos por eles no mesmo ano. Os resultados mostram que os modelos teóricos de Gascón podem ser identificados e provavelmente influenciaram o ensino da Geometria nas diferentes décadas analisadas. Nos documentos e livros constatamos a forte presença do Euclidianismo antes do Movimento Matemática Moderna; o surgimento de uma perspectiva Quase-empirista como a protagonizada pelo projeto Geometria Experimental , na década de 70 e que até hoje permanece nos currículos e a presença pouco perceptível de uma concepção Construtivista de ensino-aprendizagem de Geometria. Embora nos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais existam indicações que permitem identificar uma perspectiva Construtivista, elas não estão explicitadas. Observamos que os docentes pesquisados ainda que façam referências a esse documento, adotam uma perspectiva Quase-empirista de ensino de Geometria

This study investigated how lesson study, a Japanese intervention tool, may be used as a management strategy to improve performance in space, shape and orientation in Mathematical Literacy at Technical and Vocational Education and Training colleges. In this study a qualitative approach was followed in both the pilot and the main study. Prior to the main study, a small-scale pilot study was conducted which consisted of two participant lecturers and lasted for about two months culminating in one complete lesson study cycle and a second partially completed cycle. Four lecturers participated in the main study which lasted about seven months from the last week of February 2019 to the last week of August 2019 at a campus of a TVET college where Mathematical Literacy is a subject in the NCV program. Data were collected from semi-structured interviews with lecturers and students, observations of students’ performance and behaviour while delivering the research lessons, including researchers’ journals and participant lecturers’ journals, students’ work and meeting notes which included debriefing notes. The LS - Participative Management model proposed in this study has shown to achieve the broad teaching and learning outcomes, personal and professional outcomes and managerial outcomes. Hence, it is possible that the model proposed in this study is an appropriate model which can be successfully implemented at TVET colleges in South Africa. With the application of the LS Participative Management model, findings revealed from this study showed that participant lecturers improved their teaching and learning by reflecting and engaging with the content of space, shape and orientation in Mathematical Literacy by highlighting the misconceptions students have around this topic. Participant lecturers were also brought out of isolation, giving them the opportunity to collaborate with other lecturers and the manager. Collaboration and participation in lesson study also brought about organisational effectiveness which was revealed through vigorous discussions, openness, trust and respect, positive relationships and sharing ideas. Lesson study also provided an enabling environment for lecturers to become personally and professionally empowered by increased confidence and motivation as they gained more experience in lesson study. The involvement of the manager as a participant observer showed that it can impact on curriculum management, sharing experience and expertise, influence the organisational culture and provide guidance and support. / Educational Management and Leadership / D. Ed. (Educational Management)