• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 4
  • 2
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 7
  • 7
  • 7
  • 4
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

The development of short latency inhibition from triceps brachii to biceps brachii in man

McDonough, Suzanne January 1995 (has links)
No description available.
2

Discriminação cromática em crianças com paralisia cerebral do tipo espástica / Evaluation of chromatic discrimination in children with spastic cerebral palsy

Pereira, Jaelsa da Cunha 20 April 2012 (has links)
Entre os nossos sentidos, a visão é um dos canais pelo qual recém-nascidos interagem com o meio ambiente, o qual exerce fundamental influência sobre o desenvolvimento de nossas funções cognitivas, habilidades motoras e comunicação social (Milner & Goodale, 2008). Assim, a visão é expressivamente requisitada na criança em fase escolar. Nas crianças com paralisia cerebral além do comprometimento motor apresentado, outras alterações sensoriais podem estar presentes, principalmente aquelas relacionadas à visão. Nosso trabalho teve como principal objetivo avaliar a discriminação cromática em crianças com paralisia cerebral espástica em idade escolar (média=10,13; DP=2,89), pois dentre tantas funções visuais importantes esta tem sido muito pouco estudada nesta população. Avaliamos a visão de cores de 43 sujeitos com paralisia cerebral espástica (5 tetraplégicos, 22 diplégicos e 16 hemiplégicos). Divididos em dois grupos: um grupo de (n=31) possui AV (média=1,13 decimal de snellen; DP=0,25) outro grupo (n=12) possui AV (média=0,39 decimal de snellen; DP=0,13) Um grupo de crianças (n=53) formou o grupo controle. As crianças dos três grupos estavam equiparadas por idade e foram submetidas aos mesmos testes. Além da comparação entre os limiares de discriminação cromática, buscamos associações e correlações entre acuidade visual, sexo, idade, prematuridade, nível de comprometimento motor dado pela escala do GMFCS e etiologia. Estendemos também a avaliação cromática para um grupo de sujeitos adultos (n=41), com idades variando de 18 a 69 anos (média=42,58; DP=14,21). A avaliação da discriminação de cores foi realizada usando o teste psicofísico computadorizado, versão adaptada por Goulart et al. (2008) do original (Cambridge Color Test). Este teste utiliza a versão curta trivector, que mede limiares de discriminação cromática em três eixos de confusão: protan, deutan e tritan. Além disso, o teste apresenta duas posições de localização do estímulo (direita ou esquerda) o que garante condições favoráveis para avaliar crianças com paralisia cerebral. Os resultados apresentaram diferenças significativas nos eixos protan e deutan (p<0,05) no grupo de sujeitos com paralisia cerebral e acuidade visual próxima em relação ao grupo controle. Porém, o mesmo não aconteceu para o eixo tritan, contrariando os achados dos poucos estudos encontrados na literatura. O grupo de sujeitos PCs com acuidade visual reduzida apresentou piores limiares cromáticos para todos os eixos e foram estatisticamente significantes (p<0,05), tanto quando comparados com os PCs com acuidade visual normal ou quando comparados com o grupo de sujeitos controle. Entretanto, subgrupos de PCs (diplégicos e hemiplégicos) apresentaram valores semelhantes de limiares cromáticos entre si, atestados pela não diferença estatística, porém os sujeitos tetraplégicos mostraram-se significativamente diferentes dos diplégicos e hemiplégicos (p<0,05). Considerando-se os níveis de GMFCS observamos uma correlação positiva e significativa para o eixo protan e deutan, mas não para o eixo tritan, bem como também para as demais variáveis testadas / Among our senses, vision is one of the channels by which infants interact with the environment, which exerts a fundamental influence on the development of our cognitive functions, motor skills and social communication (Milner & Goodale, 2008). Thus, vision is significantly required in school age child. In addition, children with cerebral palsy who present motor impairment, can also present other sensory changes, especially those related to vision. Our study aimed to evaluate chromatic discrimination in children at school age who have spastic cerebral palsy (mean= 10,13; SD=2,89), for among many important visual functions, few studies have extensively been done in this population. We evaluated the color vision of 43 subjects with spastic cerebral palsy (5 quadriplegic, 22 diplegic and 16 hemiplegic). Divided into two groups: one group (n=31) had visual acuity (mean=1,13 decimal snellen; SD=0,25) another group (n=12) had visual acuity (mean=0,39 decimal snellen; SD=0,13) A group of children (n=53) formed the control group. Children from the three groups were matched by age and underwent the same tests. Besides comparing the chromatic discrimination thresholds, we seek associations and correlations between visual acuity, sex, age, prematurity, level of motor impairment given by scale in the GMFCS and etiology. We also extended the chromatic evaluation to a group of adult subjects (n=41), with ages ranging from 18 to 69 years (mean=42,58; SD=14,21). Evaluation of color discrimination was performed using computerized psychophysical test, version adapted by Goulart et al.(2008) original (Cambridge Color Test). This test uses the short version trivector that measures chromatic discrimination thresholds in three areas of confusion: protan, deutan and tritan. In addition, the test has two positions of the stimulus location (left or right) which ensures favorable conditions for assessing children with cerebral palsy. The results showed significant differences in protan and deutan axes (p<0,05) in the group of subjects with cerebral palsy, and short visual acuity in the control group. However, it did not happen for the tritan axis, contradicting the findings of the few studies in the literature. The group of cerebral palsy subjects that had reduced visual acuity presented worse chromatic thresholds for all axes and were statistically significant (p<0,05), this is when compared to spastic cerebral palsy with normal visual acuity or when compared to the group of controls. However, subgroups of spastic cerebral palsy (diplegic and hemiplegic) had similar values of chromatic thresholds among them, certified by non-statistical difference. On the other hand, tetraplegic subjects were significantly different from the diplegic and hemiplegic (p<0,05). Considering the levels of GMFCS, we observed a positive and significant correlation for the protan and deutan axis, but not for the tritan axis and neither for the other tested variables
3

Psychological Adjustment Of Children With Spastic Cerebral Palsy

Aytolun, Nilay 01 December 2009 (has links) (PDF)
The aim of the present study was to examine the predictive values of sociodemographic variables, parental variables (parental stress, family functioning, parental adjustment, coping methods), and child variables (coping methods, self concept) for the adjustment of children with spastic cerebral palsy. Transactional stress and coping model was used as the conceptual framework for the study. The sample of the study was composed of 80 children with spastic cerebral palsy and one of their parents. Hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to test the child adjustment by using child gender, parent education, parental stress, family functioning, parental adjustment, parental coping methods, child coping methods, and child self concept as independent variables. Results revealed that parentalstress, parents&rsquo / problem solving/optimistic coping and fatalistic coping predicted the adjustment of children with spastic CP. However, parental adjustment, family functioning, child coping and child self concept were not significantly predicting of child adjustment. The findings, strengths, limitations as well as the implications of the findings were discussed.
4

Discriminação cromática em crianças com paralisia cerebral do tipo espástica / Evaluation of chromatic discrimination in children with spastic cerebral palsy

Jaelsa da Cunha Pereira 20 April 2012 (has links)
Entre os nossos sentidos, a visão é um dos canais pelo qual recém-nascidos interagem com o meio ambiente, o qual exerce fundamental influência sobre o desenvolvimento de nossas funções cognitivas, habilidades motoras e comunicação social (Milner & Goodale, 2008). Assim, a visão é expressivamente requisitada na criança em fase escolar. Nas crianças com paralisia cerebral além do comprometimento motor apresentado, outras alterações sensoriais podem estar presentes, principalmente aquelas relacionadas à visão. Nosso trabalho teve como principal objetivo avaliar a discriminação cromática em crianças com paralisia cerebral espástica em idade escolar (média=10,13; DP=2,89), pois dentre tantas funções visuais importantes esta tem sido muito pouco estudada nesta população. Avaliamos a visão de cores de 43 sujeitos com paralisia cerebral espástica (5 tetraplégicos, 22 diplégicos e 16 hemiplégicos). Divididos em dois grupos: um grupo de (n=31) possui AV (média=1,13 decimal de snellen; DP=0,25) outro grupo (n=12) possui AV (média=0,39 decimal de snellen; DP=0,13) Um grupo de crianças (n=53) formou o grupo controle. As crianças dos três grupos estavam equiparadas por idade e foram submetidas aos mesmos testes. Além da comparação entre os limiares de discriminação cromática, buscamos associações e correlações entre acuidade visual, sexo, idade, prematuridade, nível de comprometimento motor dado pela escala do GMFCS e etiologia. Estendemos também a avaliação cromática para um grupo de sujeitos adultos (n=41), com idades variando de 18 a 69 anos (média=42,58; DP=14,21). A avaliação da discriminação de cores foi realizada usando o teste psicofísico computadorizado, versão adaptada por Goulart et al. (2008) do original (Cambridge Color Test). Este teste utiliza a versão curta trivector, que mede limiares de discriminação cromática em três eixos de confusão: protan, deutan e tritan. Além disso, o teste apresenta duas posições de localização do estímulo (direita ou esquerda) o que garante condições favoráveis para avaliar crianças com paralisia cerebral. Os resultados apresentaram diferenças significativas nos eixos protan e deutan (p<0,05) no grupo de sujeitos com paralisia cerebral e acuidade visual próxima em relação ao grupo controle. Porém, o mesmo não aconteceu para o eixo tritan, contrariando os achados dos poucos estudos encontrados na literatura. O grupo de sujeitos PCs com acuidade visual reduzida apresentou piores limiares cromáticos para todos os eixos e foram estatisticamente significantes (p<0,05), tanto quando comparados com os PCs com acuidade visual normal ou quando comparados com o grupo de sujeitos controle. Entretanto, subgrupos de PCs (diplégicos e hemiplégicos) apresentaram valores semelhantes de limiares cromáticos entre si, atestados pela não diferença estatística, porém os sujeitos tetraplégicos mostraram-se significativamente diferentes dos diplégicos e hemiplégicos (p<0,05). Considerando-se os níveis de GMFCS observamos uma correlação positiva e significativa para o eixo protan e deutan, mas não para o eixo tritan, bem como também para as demais variáveis testadas / Among our senses, vision is one of the channels by which infants interact with the environment, which exerts a fundamental influence on the development of our cognitive functions, motor skills and social communication (Milner & Goodale, 2008). Thus, vision is significantly required in school age child. In addition, children with cerebral palsy who present motor impairment, can also present other sensory changes, especially those related to vision. Our study aimed to evaluate chromatic discrimination in children at school age who have spastic cerebral palsy (mean= 10,13; SD=2,89), for among many important visual functions, few studies have extensively been done in this population. We evaluated the color vision of 43 subjects with spastic cerebral palsy (5 quadriplegic, 22 diplegic and 16 hemiplegic). Divided into two groups: one group (n=31) had visual acuity (mean=1,13 decimal snellen; SD=0,25) another group (n=12) had visual acuity (mean=0,39 decimal snellen; SD=0,13) A group of children (n=53) formed the control group. Children from the three groups were matched by age and underwent the same tests. Besides comparing the chromatic discrimination thresholds, we seek associations and correlations between visual acuity, sex, age, prematurity, level of motor impairment given by scale in the GMFCS and etiology. We also extended the chromatic evaluation to a group of adult subjects (n=41), with ages ranging from 18 to 69 years (mean=42,58; SD=14,21). Evaluation of color discrimination was performed using computerized psychophysical test, version adapted by Goulart et al.(2008) original (Cambridge Color Test). This test uses the short version trivector that measures chromatic discrimination thresholds in three areas of confusion: protan, deutan and tritan. In addition, the test has two positions of the stimulus location (left or right) which ensures favorable conditions for assessing children with cerebral palsy. The results showed significant differences in protan and deutan axes (p<0,05) in the group of subjects with cerebral palsy, and short visual acuity in the control group. However, it did not happen for the tritan axis, contradicting the findings of the few studies in the literature. The group of cerebral palsy subjects that had reduced visual acuity presented worse chromatic thresholds for all axes and were statistically significant (p<0,05), this is when compared to spastic cerebral palsy with normal visual acuity or when compared to the group of controls. However, subgroups of spastic cerebral palsy (diplegic and hemiplegic) had similar values of chromatic thresholds among them, certified by non-statistical difference. On the other hand, tetraplegic subjects were significantly different from the diplegic and hemiplegic (p<0,05). Considering the levels of GMFCS, we observed a positive and significant correlation for the protan and deutan axis, but not for the tritan axis and neither for the other tested variables
5

Mobilidade funcional em indivíduos com paralisia cerebral espástica

Kleiner, Ana Francisca Rozin [UNESP] 11 February 2009 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-02-11Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:49:23Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 kleiner_afr_me_rcla.pdf: 566600 bytes, checksum: d8253edc28bf74475de96a7dc97bc3c0 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / De acordo com a Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF), o controle do movimento na funcionalidade é influenciado pelas especificidades da condição da saúde, das deficiências neuromusculoesqueléticas e do contexto onde o indivíduo atua. Com base na CIF, o objetivo geral desta dissertação foi investigar a mobilidade funcional (MF) de indivíduos PCE, por meio de dois estudos: Estudo 1, exploratório comparando a MF em superfícies diferentes (regular e irregular); e o Estudo 2, análise quantitativa da locomoção sobre obstáculos com diferentes alturas. O Estudo 1 comparou a MF de indivíduos com PCE nas distâncias: 5m, 50m e 500m. O ambiente regular apresentava o relevo liso, livre de obstáculos, como corredores e quadras poliesportivas. O ambiente irregular era caracterizado por locais pertencentes ao cotidiano do avaliado, como sua residência, escola e vizinhança. Participaram deste estudo 31 indivíduos, de 5 a 16 anos com PCE, distribuídos em dois grupos etários (crianças=5 a 11 anos e adolescentes=12 a 16 anos) e pelo tipo de PCE (bilateral=diplégicos e tetraplégicos; e unilateral=hemiplégicos). Foram avaliados a MF pela Escala de MF (EMF) e o tempo gasto. Os resultados apontaram que: 1) o ambiente influencia na MF de indivíduos PCE (5m e 500m); 2) não foram encontradas diferenças entre os tipos de PCE para as classificações da EMF e tempo gasto em nenhum tipo de ambiente; e, 3) as características estruturais do indivíduo PCE, inferidos pelo grupo etário, influenciam no tempo gasto (5m e os 500m). O Estudo 2 teve como objetivo quantificar as estratégias locomotoras adaptativas de crianças PCE na tarefa de transpor obstáculos com diferentes alturas e compará-las quanto ao tipo de PCE (diplégica X hemiplégica) e hemicorpo. Participaram deste estudo 12 crianças, entre 7 e 12 anos de idade, sendo 6 com PCE diplégica... / According to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), movement control in functionality is affected by the specificities of health condition, the neuromusculoskeletal deficits, and the context that the individuals act. Based on CIF, the main objective of this dissertation was to investigate the functional mobility (FM) in SCP individuals, through two studies: Study 1, an exploratory study that compared the FM between different environments (regular and irregular), and Study 2, a quantitative analysis of locomotion over obstacles with different heights. The Study 1 compared the FM of SCP individuals in three distances: 5m, 50m and 500m. The regular environment showed a even surface, free from obstacles, such as corridors or gymnasium. The irregular environment was characterized by the subjects’ day-byday places, such as their residence, school and neighborhood. The study included 31 individuals, from 5 to 16 years old with SCP, distributed into two age groups (children = 5 to 11 years old, and adolescents = 12 to 16 years old) and the SCP type (bilateral = diplegic and quadriplegic, and unilateral = hemiplegic). We evaluated the FM by means of the FM Scale (FMS) and the time spent. The results showed: 1) the environment influences the SCP individuals FM (5m and 500m); 2) differences between SCP type were not found in FMS classifications and in time spent for any type of environment; and 3) the structural features of the individuals PCE, inferred by age group, influenced the time spent (5m and 500m). The Study 2 aimed to quantify the adaptive locomotion strategies of SCP children during the obstacle crossing with different heights, and to compare it according to SCP type and hemibody. The study included 12 children, between 7 and 12 years of age, 6 diplegic SCP and 6 hemiplegic SCP. Passive reflective markers were fixed bilaterally on the lateral... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
6

Mobilidade funcional em indivíduos com paralisia cerebral espástica /

Kleiner, Ana Francisca Rozin. January 2009 (has links)
Orientador: Lilian Teresa Bucken Gobbi / Banca: Marisa Cotta Mancini / Banca: Ricardo Machado Leite de Barros / Resumo: De acordo com a Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF), o controle do movimento na funcionalidade é influenciado pelas especificidades da condição da saúde, das deficiências neuromusculoesqueléticas e do contexto onde o indivíduo atua. Com base na CIF, o objetivo geral desta dissertação foi investigar a mobilidade funcional (MF) de indivíduos PCE, por meio de dois estudos: Estudo 1, exploratório comparando a MF em superfícies diferentes (regular e irregular); e o Estudo 2, análise quantitativa da locomoção sobre obstáculos com diferentes alturas. O Estudo 1 comparou a MF de indivíduos com PCE nas distâncias: 5m, 50m e 500m. O ambiente regular apresentava o relevo liso, livre de obstáculos, como corredores e quadras poliesportivas. O ambiente irregular era caracterizado por locais pertencentes ao cotidiano do avaliado, como sua residência, escola e vizinhança. Participaram deste estudo 31 indivíduos, de 5 a 16 anos com PCE, distribuídos em dois grupos etários (crianças=5 a 11 anos e adolescentes=12 a 16 anos) e pelo tipo de PCE (bilateral=diplégicos e tetraplégicos; e unilateral=hemiplégicos). Foram avaliados a MF pela Escala de MF (EMF) e o tempo gasto. Os resultados apontaram que: 1) o ambiente influencia na MF de indivíduos PCE (5m e 500m); 2) não foram encontradas diferenças entre os tipos de PCE para as classificações da EMF e tempo gasto em nenhum tipo de ambiente; e, 3) as características estruturais do indivíduo PCE, inferidos pelo grupo etário, influenciam no tempo gasto (5m e os 500m). O Estudo 2 teve como objetivo quantificar as estratégias locomotoras adaptativas de crianças PCE na tarefa de transpor obstáculos com diferentes alturas e compará-las quanto ao tipo de PCE (diplégica X hemiplégica) e hemicorpo. Participaram deste estudo 12 crianças, entre 7 e 12 anos de idade, sendo 6 com PCE diplégica... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: According to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), movement control in functionality is affected by the specificities of health condition, the neuromusculoskeletal deficits, and the context that the individuals act. Based on CIF, the main objective of this dissertation was to investigate the functional mobility (FM) in SCP individuals, through two studies: Study 1, an exploratory study that compared the FM between different environments (regular and irregular), and Study 2, a quantitative analysis of locomotion over obstacles with different heights. The Study 1 compared the FM of SCP individuals in three distances: 5m, 50m and 500m. The regular environment showed a even surface, free from obstacles, such as corridors or gymnasium. The irregular environment was characterized by the subjects' day-byday places, such as their residence, school and neighborhood. The study included 31 individuals, from 5 to 16 years old with SCP, distributed into two age groups (children = 5 to 11 years old, and adolescents = 12 to 16 years old) and the SCP type (bilateral = diplegic and quadriplegic, and unilateral = hemiplegic). We evaluated the FM by means of the FM Scale (FMS) and the time spent. The results showed: 1) the environment influences the SCP individuals FM (5m and 500m); 2) differences between SCP type were not found in FMS classifications and in time spent for any type of environment; and 3) the structural features of the individuals PCE, inferred by age group, influenced the time spent (5m and 500m). The Study 2 aimed to quantify the adaptive locomotion strategies of SCP children during the obstacle crossing with different heights, and to compare it according to SCP type and hemibody. The study included 12 children, between 7 and 12 years of age, 6 diplegic SCP and 6 hemiplegic SCP. Passive reflective markers were fixed bilaterally on the lateral... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre
7

Développement méthodologique pour l'analyse des troubles de la commande du membre supérieur des enfants avec une paralysie cérébrale unilatérale spastique : implications pour les thérapies et traitements associés / Methodological development to analyze upper limb muscle disorders in children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy : implications for associated therapies and treatments

Sarcher, Aurélie 05 December 2018 (has links)
Les enfants atteints de paralysie cérébrale unilatérale spastique ont un membre supérieur dont les mouvements sont dégradés. Un des symptômes en cause est la co-activation spastique, une activation excessive de certains muscles qui s’opposent au mouvement. En clinique, il n’existe pas d’outil pour distinguer quels muscles ont une activation pathologique. Les signaux électromyographiques, mesurés de façon non invasive, peuvent discriminer des activations musculaires pathologiques. Cependant, ils sont rarement mesurés au membre supérieur des enfants atteints de paralysie cérébrale, en raison d’obstacles méthodologiques et statistiques. Cette thèse aborde ces obstacles. Les signaux électromyographiques de muscles du membre supérieur ont été mesurés chez 63 enfants avec et sans paralysie cérébrale unilatérale spastique, dans le cadre de 5 études de recherche. Les 2 premières études ont consisté à détecter et caractériser les anomalies de commande musculaire chez les enfants avec une paralysie cérébrale, afin de cibler les paramètres électromyographiques pertinents. La 3ème étude a validé la mesure électromyographique au membre supérieur, en évaluant sa variabilité. Les 4ème et 5ème études ont appliqué la méthodologie développée à des problématiques cliniques : distinguer, pour chaque enfant, les muscles responsables des limitations de mouvements actifs ; évaluer les modifications d’activation musculaire à la suite de thérapies. Le développement méthodologique lié à ces études a permis d’évaluer la fiabilité de l’analyse électromyographique du membre supérieur, et a montré son fort potentiel pour le « diagnostic fonctionnel » des enfants atteints de paralysie cérébrale. / Children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy have restricted movement of one upper limb.One of the symptoms responsible for this limitation is spastic co-activation, which is an excessive activation from specific muscles opposing the movement. In clinical routine, no tool can detect which muscles have a pathological activation.Electromyographic signals, measured non-invasively, can discriminate pathological muscle activations.However, they are rarely measured at the upper limb of children with cerebral palsy, due to methodological and statistical difficulties. This thesis addresses these difficulties. Electromyographic signals of upper limb muscles were measured in 63 children with and without unilateral spastic cerebral palsy, as part of 5 research studies.The first two studies consisted in detecting and characterizing abnormal muscle activations in children with cerebral palsy, in order to target relevant electromyographic parameters. The third study validated the measure of upper limb electromyography, and evaluated its variability.Fourth and fifth studies applied the developed methodology to clinical problems: the distinction, for each child, of the muscles responsible for active movement restrictions; the evaluation of muscle activation modifications following a therapy.Methodological development associated with these studies assessed the reliability of upper limb electromyography, and showed its strong potential for the “functional diagnosis” of children with cerebral palsy.

Page generated in 0.1044 seconds