Submitted by Lucienne Costa (lucienneferreira@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-08-30T17:25:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CAIO LIBÂNIO MELO JERÔNIMO – DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGCC) 2017.pdf: 4821943 bytes, checksum: 615dc29730ed480c902a5496dce5492f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-30T17:25:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CAIO LIBÂNIO MELO JERÔNIMO – DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGCC) 2017.pdf: 4821943 bytes, checksum: 615dc29730ed480c902a5496dce5492f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-07 / Capes / A demanda constante por melhorias na qualidade de vida dos habitantes das grandes cidades, somado à crescente urbanização desses centros, torna imprescindível a utilização de meios tecnológicos para um melhor entendimento da dinâmica dos centros urbanos e como seus habitantes interagem nesses ambientes. Nesse sentido, o aumento na utilização de dispositivos eletrônicos equipados com sistemas GPS e o constante anseio da humanidade por comunicação e, mais atualmente, por conexão à internet, vem criando novas oportunidades de estudo e também grandes desafios, especialmente no que tange a grande quantidade de dados gerados pelas redes sociais. Diversas pesquisas vêm utilizando esses dados para realizar estudos que buscam compreender traços do comportamento humano, especialmente no que diz respeito à mobilidade urbana e trajetórias. Porém, grande parte das pesquisas que utilizam dados georreferenciados se restringem às dimensões espaciais e temporais, desconsiderando outros aspectos que podem influenciar na mobilidade humana. Este trabalho propõe um método computacional capaz de extrair padrões de mobilidade oriundos de mensagens georreferenciadas de redes sociais e correlacioná-los com indicadores sociais, econômicos e demográficos fornecidos por órgãos governamentais, buscando assim, analisar quais possíveis fatores poderiam exercer alguma influência sobre a mobilidade dos moradores de uma grande cidade. Para validar o método proposto, foram utilizadas mensagens postadas no Twitter e um conjunto de indicadores sociais, ambos oriundos da cidade de Londres. Os resultados mostraram a existência de correlações entre padrões de mobilidade e indicadores sociais, especialmente os relacionados com condições de emprego e renda, como também com características étnico-religiosas dos indivíduos em estudo. / The constant need for improvements in life quality of inhabitants of big cities, together with the increasing urbanization of these centers, demands the use of technological means for a better understanding of the dynamics of urban centers and how their inhabitants interact in these environments. In this sense, the adoption of electronic devices equipped with GPS systems, the human need for communication and, more recently, for Internet connection, have brought new research opportunities and great challenges, especially due to the huge amount of data generated by social networks. Several studies have used this data to carry out research that seek to understand traces of human behavior, especially with respect to urban mobility and trajectories. However, much of the research that uses georeferenced data are restricted to spatial and temporal dimensions, disregarding other aspects that may influence human mobility. This work proposes a model capable of extracting mobility patterns from georeferenced messages of social networks and correlating them with social, economic and demographic indicators provided by government agencies, seeking to analyze which factors may impact in urban mobility. To evaluate the model, we used messages posted on Twitter and a set of social indicators, both related to the city of London. The results revealed the existence of correlations between mobility patterns and social indicators, especially those related to employment and income conditions, as well as ethnic and religious characteristics of the individuals under study.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:06:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 5138.pdf: 2676227 bytes, checksum: 72ab4695bfe8833d7d34d1e803a6ec9a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-13 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / The growing concern with the support of the decision-making process has made companies to search technologies that support their decisions. The technology most widely used presently is the Data Warehouse (DW), which allows storing data so it is possible to produce useful and reliable information to assist in strategic decisions. Combining the concepts of Spatial Data Warehouse (SDW), that allows geometry storage and managing, and Temporal Data Warehouse (TDW), which allows storing data changes that occur in the real-world, a research topic known as Spatio-Temporal Data Warehouse (STDW) has emerged. STDW are suitable for the treatment of geometries that change over time. These technologies, combined with the steady growth volume of data, show the necessity of index structures to improve the performance of analytical query processing with spatial predicates and also with geometries that may vary over time. In this sense, this work focused on proposing an index for STDW called Spatio-Temporal Bitmap Index, or STB-index. The proposed index was designed to processing drill-down and roll-up queries considering the existence of predefined spatial hierarchies and with spatial attributes that can vary its position and shape over time. The validation of STB-index was performed by conducting experimental tests using a DWET created from synthetic data. Tests evaluated the elapsed time and the number of disk accesses to construct the index, the amount of storage space of the index and the elapsed time and the number of disk accesses for query processing. Results were compared with query processing using database management system resources and STBindex improved the query performance by 98.12% up to 99.22% in response time compared to materialized views. / A crescente preocupação com o suporte ao processo de tomada de decisão estratégica fez com que as empresas buscassem tecnologias que apoiassem as suas decisões. A tecnologia mais utilizada atualmente é a de Data Warehouse (DW), que permite armazenar dados de forma que seja possível produzir informação útil e confiável para auxiliar na tomada de decisão estratégica. Aliando-se os conceitos de Data Warehouse Espacial (DWE), que permite o armazenamento e o gerenciamento de geometrias, e de Data Warehouse Temporal (DWT), que possibilita representar as mudanças nos dados que ocorrem no mundo real, surgiu o tema de pesquisa conhecido por Data Warehouse Espaço-Temporal (DWET), que é próprio para o tratamento de geometrias que se alteram ao longo do tempo. Essas tecnologias, aliadas ao constante crescimento no volume de dados armazenados, evidenciam a necessidade de estruturas de indexação que melhorem o desempenho do processamento de consultas analíticas com predicados espaciais e com variação das geometrias no tempo. Nesse sentido, este trabalho se concentrou na proposta de um índice para DWET denominado Spatio- Temporal Bitmap Index, ou STB-index. O índice proposto foi projetado para o processamento de consultas do tipo drill-down e roll-up considerando a existência de hierarquias espaciais predefinidas, sendo que os atributos espaciais podem variar sua posição e sua forma ao longo do tempo. A validação do STB-index ocorreu por meio da realização de testes experimentais utilizando um DWET criado a partir de dados sintéticos. Os testes avaliaram o tempo e o número de acessos a disco para a construção do índice, a quantidade de espaço para armazenamento do índice e o tempo e número de acessos a disco para o processamento de consultas analíticas. Os resultados obtidos foram comparados com o processamento de consultas utilizando os recursos disponíveis dos sistemas gerenciadores de banco de dados, sendo que o STB-index apresentou um ganho de desempenho entre 98,12% e 99,22% no tempo de resposta das consultas se comparado ao uso de visões materializadas.

Submitted by Daniele Amaral (daniee_ni@hotmail.com) on 2016-10-07T20:05:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissCJN.pdf: 5948964 bytes, checksum: e7e719e26b50a85697e7934bde411070 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-20T19:30:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissCJN.pdf: 5948964 bytes, checksum: e7e719e26b50a85697e7934bde411070 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-20T19:31:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissCJN.pdf: 5948964 bytes, checksum: e7e719e26b50a85697e7934bde411070 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-20T19:31:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissCJN.pdf: 5948964 bytes, checksum: e7e719e26b50a85697e7934bde411070 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-08 / Não recebi financiamento / By providing ever-growing processing capabilities, many database technologies have been becoming important support tools to enterprises and institutions. The need to include (and control) new data types to the existing database technologies has brought also new challenges and research areas, arising the spatial, temporal, and spatiotemporal databases. Besides that, new analytical capabilities were required facilitating the birth of the data warehouse technology and, once more, the need to include spatial or temporal data (or both) to it, thus originating the spatial, temporal, and spatio-temporal data warehouses. The queries used in each database type had also evolved, culminating in the STOLAP (Spatio Temporal OLAP) queries, which are composed of predicates dealing with conventional, spatial, and temporal data with the possibility of having their execution aided by specialized index structures. This work’s intention is to investigate how the execution of each predicate affects the performance of STOLAP queries by varying the used indexes, their execution order and the query’s selectivity. Bitmap Join Indexes will help in conventional predicate’s execution and in some portions of the temporal processing, which will also count with the use of SQL queries for some of the alternatives used in this research. The SB-index and HSB-index will aid the spatial processing while the STB-index will be used to process temporal and spatial predicates together. The expected result is an analysis of the best predicate order while running the queries also considering their selectivity. Another contribution of this work is the evolution of the HSB-index to a hierarchized version called HSTB-index, which should complement the execution options. / Por proverem uma capacidade de processamento de dados cada vez maior, várias tecnologias de bancos de dados têm se tornado importantes ferramentas de apoio a empresas e instituições. A necessidade de se incluir e controlar novos tipos de dados aos bancos de dados já existentes fizeram também surgir novos desafios e novas linhas de pesquisa, como é o caso dos bancos de dados espaciais, temporais e espaçotemporais. Além disso, novas capacidades analíticas foram se fazendo necessárias culminando com o surgimento dos data warehouses e, mais uma vez, com a necessidade de se incluir dados espaciais e temporais (ou ambos) surgindo os data warehouses espaciais, temporais e espaço-temporais. As consultas relacionadas a cada tipo de banco de dados também evoluíram culminando com as consultas STOLAP (Spatio-Temporal OLAP) que são compostas basicamente por predicados envolvendo dados convencionais, espaciais e temporais e cujo processamento pode ser auxiliado por estruturas de indexação especializadas. Este trabalho pretende investigar como a execução de cada um dos tipos de predicados afeta o desempenho de consultas STOLAP variando-se os índices utilizados, a ordem de execução dos predicados e a seletividade das consultas. Índices Bitmap de Junção auxiliarão na execução dos predicados convencionais e de algumas partes dos predicados temporais que também contarão com o auxílio de consultas SQL, enquanto os índices SB-index e HSB-index serão utilizados para auxiliar na execução dos predicados espaciais das consultas. O STB-index também será utilizado nas comparações e envolve ambos os predicados espacial e temporal. Espera-se obter uma análise das melhores opções de combinação de execução dos predicados em consultas STOLAP tendo em vista também a seletividade das consultas. Outra contribuição deste trabalho é a evolução do HSB-index para uma versão hierarquizada chamada HSTB-index e que servirá para complementar as opções de processamento de consultas STOLAP.

Informações que caracterizam o risco quebra de produção agrícola são necessárias para a precificação de prêmio do seguro agrícola de produção e de renda. A distribuição de probabilidade da variável rendimento agrícola é uma dessas informações, em especial aquela que descreve a variável aleatória rendimento agrícola condicionada aos fatores de risco climáticos. Este trabalho objetiva aplicar redes Bayesianas (grafo acíclico direcionado, ou modelo hierárquico Bayesiano) a estimação da distribuição de probabilidade de rendimento da soja em alguns municípios do Paraná, com foco na analise comparativa de riscos. Dados meteorológicos (ANA e INMET, período de 1970 a 2011) e de sensoriamento remoto (MODIS, período de 2000 a 2011) são usados conjuntamente para descrever espacialmente o risco climático de quebra de produção. Os dados de rendimento usados no estudo (COAMO, período de 2001 a 2011) requerem agrupamento de todos os dados ao nível municipal e, para tanto, a seleção de dados foi realizada nas dimensões espacial e temporal por meio de um mapa da cultura da soja (estimado por SVM - support vector machine) e os resultados de um algoritmo de identificação de ciclo de culturas. A interpolação requerida para os dados de temperatura utilizou uma componente de tendência estimada por dados de sensoriamento remoto, para descrever variações espaciais da variável que são ofuscadas pelos métodos tradicionais de interpolação. Como resultados, identificou-se relação significativa entre a temperatura observada por estações meteorológicas e os dados de sensoriamento remoto, apoiando seu uso conjunto nas estimativas. O classificador que estima o mapa da cultura da soja apresenta sobre-ajuste para safras das quais as amostras usadas no treinamento foram coletadas. Além da seleção de dados, a identificação de ciclo também permitiu obtenção de distribuições de datas de plantio da cultura da soja para o estado do Paraná. As redes bayesianas apresentam grande potencial e algumas vantagens quando aplicadas na modelagem de risco agrícola. A representação da distribuição de probabilidade por um grafo facilita o entendimento de problemas complexos, por suposições de causalidade, e facilita o ajuste, estruturação e aplicação do modelo probabilístico. A distribuição log-normal demonstrou-se a mais adequada para a modelagem das variáveis de ambiente (soma térmica, chuva acumulada e maior período sem chuva), e a distribuição beta para produtividade relativa e índices de estado (amplitude de NDVI e de EVI). No caso da regressão beta, o parâmetro de precisão também foi modelado com dependência das variáveis explicativas melhorando o ajuste da distribuição. O modelo probabilístico se demonstrou pouco representativo subestimando bastante as taxas de prêmio de seguro em relação a taxas praticadas no mercado, mas ainda assim apresenta contribui para o entendimento comparativo de situações de risco de quebra de produção da cultura da soja. / Information that characterize the risk of crop losses are necessary to crop and revenue insurance underwriting. The probability distribution of yield is one of this information. This research applies Bayesian networks (direct acyclic graph, or hierarchical Bayesian model) to estimate the probability distribution of soybean yield for some counties in Paraná state (Brazil) with focus on risk comparative analysis. Meteorological data (ANA and INMET, from 1970 to 2011) and remote sensing data (MODIS, from 2001 to 2011) were used to describe spatially the climate risk of production loss. The yield data used in this study (COAMO, from 2001 to 2011) required grouping to county level and, for that, a process of data selection was performed on spatial and temporal dimensions by a crop map (estimated by SVM - support vector machine) and by the results of a crop cycle identification algorithm. The interpolation required to spatialize temperature required a trend component which was estimated by remote sensing data, to describe the spatial variations of the variable obfuscated by traditional interpolation methods. As results, a significant relation between temperature from meteorological stations and remote sensing data was found, sustaining the use of the supposed relation between the two variables. The soybean map classifier shown over-fitting for the crop seasons for which the training samples were collected. Besides the data collection, a seeding dates distribution of soybean in Paraná state was obtained from the crop cycle identification process. The Bayesian networks showed big potential and some advantages when applied to agronomic risk modeling. The representation of the probability distribution by graphs helps the understanding of complex problems, with causality suppositions, and also helps the fitting, structuring and application of the probabilistic model. The log-normal probability distribution showed to be the best to model environment variables (thermal sum, accumulated precipitation and biggest period without rain), and the beta distribution to be the best to model relative yield and state indexes (NDVI and EVI ranges). In the case of beta regression, the precision parameter was also modeled with explanation variables as dependencies increasing the quality of the distribution fitting. In the overall, the probabilistic model had low representativity underestimating the premium rates, however it contributes to understand scenarios with risk of yield loss for the soybean crop.

A large part of people's lives are spent in indoor spaces such as office and university buildings, shopping malls, subway stations, airports, museums, community centers, etc. Such kind of spaces can be very large and paths inside the locations can be constrained and complex. Deployment of indoor tracking technologies like RFID, Bluetooth, and Wi-Fi can track people and object movements from one symbolic location to another within the indoor spaces. The resulting tracking data can be massive in volume. Analyzing these large volumes of tracking data can reveal interesting patterns that can provide opportunities for different types of location-based services, security, indoor navigation, identifying problems in the system, and finally service improvements. In addition to the huge volume, the structure of the unprocessed raw tracking data is complex in nature and not directly suitable for further efficient analysis. It is essential to develop efficient data management techniques and perform different kinds of analysis to make the data beneficial to the end user. The Ph.D. study is sponsored by the BagTrack Project (http://daisy.aau.dk/bagtrack). The main technological objective of this project is to build a global IT solution to significantly improve the worldwide aviation baggage handling quality. The Ph.D. study focuses on developing data management techniques for efficient and effective analysis of RFID-based symbolic indoor tracking data, especially for the baggage tracking scenario. First, the thesis describes a carefully designed a data warehouse solution with a relational schema sitting underneath a multidimensional data cube, that can handle the many complexities in the massive non-traditional RFID baggage tracking data. The thesis presents the ETL flow that loads the data warehouse with the appropriate tracking data from the data sources. Second, the thesis presents a methodology for mining risk factors in RFID baggage tracking data. The aim is to find the factors and interesting patterns that are responsible for baggage mishandling. Third, the thesis presents an online risk prediction technique for indoor moving objects. The target is to develop a risk prediction system that can predict the risk of an object in real-time during its operation so that the object can be saved from being mishandled. Fourth, the thesis presents two graph-based models for constrained and semi-constrained indoor movements, respectively. These models are used for mapping the tracking records into mapping records that represent the entry and exit times of an object at a symbolic location. The mapping records are then used for finding dense locations. Fifth, the thesis presents an efficient indexing technique, called the $DLT$-Index, for efficiently processing dense location queries as well as point and interval queries. The outcome of the thesis can contribute to the aviation industry for efficiently processing different analytical queries, finding problems in baggage management systems, and improving baggage handling quality. The developed data management techniques also contribute to the spatio-temporal data management and data mining field. / Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

The goal of this master thesis is to suggest a methodology for a visualization history of changes in cadastral maps. The suggested methodology takes into account a selection of original historical and contemporary data, processing workflow and follow-up visualization using existing open source web technologies. The greatest contribution of this thesis is in the design of the spatio-temporal database, because currently there does not exist workable editor similar to it, which could be used for creating such data. The suggested procedure is based on database updating method of ISKN database utilizing amendment records. However this method is significantly simplified with the use of PostgreSQL/PostGIS geospatial functions. The available literature and other informational sources to the topic are overviewed in the first part of the master thesis. The term "spatio-temporal data" is thoroughly defined and also the ways of integrating temporal features into spatial data, methods of visualization of spatio-temporal data and recent state of their implementations into desktop platforms and web applications are noted. Furthermore historical and current data sources and their usability for the master thesis are described. The full methodology of pre-processing and processing of data and a subsequent visualization using...

L’évolution des référentiels spatio-temporels et les dernières avancées des systèmes d’information géographique ont favorisé l’apparition de nouveaux types de services et d’applications liés à la localisation et à la mobilité d’entités d’intérêt dont la supervision et le contrôle d’objets mobiles en temps réel.Ces constats nous ont conduit à nous intéresser en tout premier lieu aux évolutions des objets qui peuvent être envisagées sous forme de trajectoires et offrent de nouvelles perspectives quant à l’analyse en temps réel de leurs comportements particuliers individuels et/ou collectifs.Dans le contexte industriel de l’entreprise Intactile Design, un enjeu majeur émerge : il s’agit de mettre à la disposition de tout expert, amené à prendre une décision au cours d’opérations de surveillance, le plus d'informations possibles relatives au contexte environnant les objets mobiles afin d’en extraire celles permettant la détection de comportements remarquables.L’objectif est donc d'analyser et d'exploiter la masse de données acquises à partir du suivi d'objets mobiles de divers types, et plongés dans des contextes différents de supervision. Pour ce faire, nous proposons une approche générique déclinable sur divers cas de supervision partant de l'hypothèse qui consiste à envisager, pour tout objet mobile, une seule et même trajectoire tout au long de sa vie.L'une des problématiques principales de cette recherche relève des difficultés d'interprétation des données recueillies en temps réel issues de l'observation des objets. En effet celles-ci sont massives, de compositions variables et parfois incomplètes, possiblement redondantes, voire sémantiquement hétérogènes. L'idée est de s’affranchir du manque de sémantique contextuelle et de l’absence de maîtrise des informations liées à l’analyse et à l’exploitation de ces données.L’approche consiste à proposer le recours à une ontologie cadre à des fins d’enrichissements des observations et analyses, et ce pour aider à la détection de comportements d'objets mobiles. L’ontologie cadre représente l'objet mobile et sa trajectoire au sein de tout contexte de supervision et ce de manière générique. Ce modèle s'inspire de travaux existants autour de la modélisation de données spatiales comme temporelles et les étend pour répondre à la spécificité de l’analyse sémantique en temps réel de la mobilité des objets. Pour rendre compte de la spécificité des différents contextes de supervision, l'ontologie est complétée par des règles métiers construites avec l'aide des experts du domaine. L'idée est tout à la fois de disposer d'une représentation de connaissances la plus expressive possible sans augmenter pour autant le coût du raisonnement ; et de rendre l'approche adaptable à toute thématique liée à la supervision.L'approche modulaire spécifiée a ensuite été mise en application au sein d'un prototype logiciel général qui fonctionne comme un système à base de connaissances. Il assure la structuration, enrichissement, extraction et analyse spatio-temporelle des connaissances conformes à notre modèle ontologique et donc offre les éléments nécessaires à la compréhension de comportements remarquables définis par les experts des domaines ciblés.Nous illustrons notre approche au travers d’un cas d’étude concret relatif au domaine des systèmes de supervision des opérations de défense terrestre. / The recent evolution of gazetteers and the latest advances in geographic information systems have promoted new types of services related to the location and mobility of entities of interest, including the real-time supervision and control of moving objects.On the strength of these facts, we are considering the motion of an object based on its trajectory (i.e., the path followed by this object in motion). At our sense, the modeling of trajectories of a number of moving objects offers new insights into real-time analysis of their individual and/or group specific behaviors.Within the industrial context of the company Intactile Design, enhancing decision making in real time for supervision purposes, turns out to be a major challenge. At the same time, much emphasis is being placed on making sure any accessible data, related to the context of the moving objects, are available to experts in order to fully support decision making processes. More importantly, the key idea is to find a strategy that enhances capabilities of detecting unusual behaviors whilst integrating some kind of valuable information related to the context.Consequently, the main objective is to collect and analyze all of the data acquired from the tracking of many different types of moving objects in a variety of supervision contexts.At this effect, we propose a generic and innovative approach that can be applied to any case of supervision based on the assumption that considers for every mobile object, a single and unique trajectory constantly changing over time.One of the main obstacles of this research is the difficulty of real-time interpreting of all of the collected data as these data are mostly complex, voluminous, semantically heterogeneous and incomplete.In this way, the idea is to overcome the lack of contextual semantics (i.e., semantics captured from the observations of the objects evolving within their contexts).To address these challenges, we propose a top domain ontology for moving objects and their trajectories, which is expressed in OWL 2 DL. The ontology attempts to describe the starting categories for the field of mobility and therefore is applicable to all supervision and control contexts.Additionally, this ontology is building upon a few number of existing ontologies that all refer to spatio-temporal knowledge, including GeoSPARQL and OWL Time.Moreover, the ontology and a set of business rules, provided by the experts on a domain of interest, are combined to fully capture the contextual semantics of the domain under consideration.The aim is double: on one side, to benefit from a knowledge representation as expressive as possible that offers a cost-effective reasoning, and on the other side to efficiently adapt the approach to any context related to supervision.Our modular approach is implemented through a general software prototype that runs as a knowledge-based system.The prototype ensures the sustainability, extraction and spatio-temporal reasoning of information that complies with our ontology, and therefore it offers the necessary elements to understand behaviors defined by the experts of the targeted areas.We illustrate our approach through a concrete case study of monitoring systems dedicated to land defense.

This diploma thesis deals with automatic soccer event detection . Its goal is to introduce reader to this issue , discuss possible ways of solution of this task and then implement event detection . This work aims at event recognition using spatio - temporal data of gaming objects . Introduced way of dealing with event detection lies in its converting to sequence labeling task . Then such task is solved using LSTM recurrent neural networks . Lastly , result of sequence labeling is interpreted as detected events . Library for event detection has been created as the output of this work . This library allow user to experiment with different variants how to formulate event detection as sequence labeling task .

This thesis deals with the domain indexes in Oracle Database 11g. It describes the database architecture and discusses the available methods of indexing. There are explained concrete ways of the implementation and use of domain indexes, also discussed ways of indexing spatio-temporal data especially the TB-tree structure, which is then implemented as a domain index. Along with the domain index operators are also implemented by means of which the index is subsequently used and tested.

Aujourd'hui, les progrès dans le développement d'appareils mobiles et des capteurs embarqués ont permis un essor sans précédent de services à l'utilisateur. Dans le même temps, la plupart des appareils mobiles génèrent, enregistrent et de communiquent une grande quantité de données personnelles de manière continue. La gestion sécurisée des données personnelles dans les appareils mobiles reste un défi aujourd’hui, que ce soit vis-à-vis des contraintes inhérentes à ces appareils, ou par rapport à l’accès et au partage sûrs et sécurisés de ces informations. Cette thèse adresse ces défis et se focalise sur les traces de localisation. En particulier, s’appuyant sur un serveur de données relationnel embarqué dans des appareils mobiles sécurisés, cette thèse offre une extension de ce serveur à la gestion des données spatio-temporelles (types et operateurs). Et surtout, elle propose une méthode d'indexation spatio-temporelle (TRIFL) efficace et adaptée au modèle de stockage en mémoire flash. Par ailleurs, afin de protéger les traces de localisation personnelles de l'utilisateur, une architecture distribuée et un protocole de collecte participative préservant les données de localisation ont été proposés dans PAMPAS. Cette architecture se base sur des dispositifs hautement sécurisés pour le calcul distribué des agrégats spatio-temporels sur les données privées collectées. / Nowadays, the advances in the development of mobile devices, as well as embedded sensors have permitted an unprecedented number of services to the user. At the same time, most mobile devices generate, store and communicate a large amount of personal information continuously. While managing personal information on the mobile devices is still a big challenge, sharing and accessing these information in a safe and secure way is always an open and hot topic. Personal mobile devices may have various form factors such as mobile phones, smart devices, stick computers, secure tokens or etc. It could be used to record, sense, store data of user's context or environment surrounding him. The most common contextual information is user's location. Personal data generated and stored on these devices is valuable for many applications or services to user, but it is sensitive and needs to be protected in order to ensure the individual privacy. In particular, most mobile applications have access to accurate and real-time location information, raising serious privacy concerns for their users.In this dissertation, we dedicate the two parts to manage the location traces, i.e. the spatio-temporal data on mobile devices. In particular, we offer an extension of spatio-temporal data types and operators for embedded environments. These data types reconcile the features of spatio-temporal data with the embedded requirements by offering an optimal data presentation called Spatio-temporal object (STOB) dedicated for embedded devices. More importantly, in order to optimize the query processing, we also propose an efficient indexing technique for spatio-temporal data called TRIFL designed for flash storage. TRIFL stands for TRajectory Index for Flash memory. It exploits unique properties of trajectory insertion, and optimizes the data structure for the behavior of flash and the buffer cache. These ideas allow TRIFL to archive much better performance in both Flash and magnetic storage compared to its competitors.Additionally, we also investigate the protect user's sensitive information in the remaining part of this thesis by offering a privacy-aware protocol for participatory sensing applications called PAMPAS. PAMPAS relies on secure hardware solutions and proposes a user-centric privacy-aware protocol that fully protects personal data while taking advantage of distributed computing. For this to be done, we also propose a partitioning algorithm an aggregate algorithm in PAMPAS. This combination drastically reduces the overall costs making it possible to run the protocol in near real-time at a large scale of participants, without any personal information leakage.