Nous avons observé depuis plusieurs années l’émergence des approches statistiques pour la traduction automatique. Cependant, l’efficacité des modèles construits est soumise aux variabilités inhérentes au langage naturel. Des études ont montré la présence de vocabulaires spécifique et général composant les corpus de textes de domaines spécialisés. Cette particularité peut être prise en charge par des ressources terminologiques comme les lexiques bilingues.Toutefois, nous pensons que si le vocabulaire est différent entre des textes spécialisés ou génériques, le contenu sémantique et la structure syntaxique peuvent aussi varier. Dans nos travaux,nous considérons la tâche d’adaptation aux domaines spécialisés pour la traduction automatique statistique selon deux axes majeurs : l’acquisition de lexiques bilingues et l’édition a posteriori de traductions issues de systèmes automatiques. Nous évaluons l’efficacité des approches proposées dans un contexte spécialisé : le domaine médical. Nos résultats sont comparés aux travaux précédents concernant cette tâche. De manière générale, la qualité des traductions issues de systèmes automatiques pour le domaine médical est améliorée par nos propositions. Des évaluations en oracle tendent à montrer qu’il existe une marge de progression importante / These last years have seen the development of statistical approaches for machine translation. Nevertheless, the intrinsic variations of the natural language act upon the quality of statistical models. Studies have shown that in-domain corpora containwords that can occur in out-of-domain corpora (common words), but also contain domain specific words. This particularity can be handled by terminological resources like bilingual lexicons. However, if the vocabulary differs between out and in-domain data, the syntactic and semantic content may also vary. In our work, we consider the task of domain adaptation for statistical machine translation through two majoraxes : bilingual lexicon acquisition and post-edition of machine translation outputs.We evaluate our approaches on the medical domain. The quality of automatic translations in the medical domain are improved and the results are compared to other works in this field. Oracle evaluations tend to show that further gains are still possible

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2016-05-02T17:39:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Márcia Roberta Lessa Bartz_.pdf: 1854297 bytes, checksum: 8b9fc939590fc7d228e7de895324a77a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-02T17:39:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Márcia Roberta Lessa Bartz_.pdf: 1854297 bytes, checksum: 8b9fc939590fc7d228e7de895324a77a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-23 / Nenhuma / Partindo do pressuposto de que vivemos em meio a mercados nos quais exigem cada vez mais que se conheça melhor os consumidores, o presente estudo tem como objetivo principal desta pesquisa analisar a influência do etnocentrismo gaúcho no processo de percepção do consumer innovativeness. A pesquisa tem apenas uma abordagem quantitativa com viés descritivo e inferencial. A coleta de dados quantitativa aconteceu em universidades gaúchas, de duas formas. A primeira foi através de uma pesquisa denominada “estudo piloto” entre 100 alunos, onde se questionou quais as 5 marcas mais lembradas do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, com o resultado pegou-se as 2 mais citadas, sendo elas: Polar e Fruki. Estas foram as marcas utilizadas em todo o estudo como base nos questionários. A segunda forma deu-se através de um questionário estruturado com 400 alunos. A amostra do presente estudo totalizou 500 respondentes. Os dados foram purificados e analisados através de técnicas e ferramentas. Na sua maioria, foram processados com o auxílio do Software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Por fim, mostrou-se quais as influências do etnocentrismo (baixo “versus” alto) no processo de percepção do consumer innovativeness. Pode-se dizer que as médias encontradas nestes dois construtos apontam que as pessoas com baixo etnocentrismo têm médias menores em Domínio Específico da Inovação e Comportamento Inovador do que as que têm alto etnocentrismo, o que não aconteceu no construto da Criatividade Original. Conclui-se que devido o Domínio Especifico da Inovação e o Comportamento Inovador estarem mais ligados ao meio externo e as influências existentes nele o etnocentrismo se torna alto, o que não ocorre com a Criatividade Original que está relacionada a parte inata do indivíduo. / From the assumption that we are in touch with markets that increasingly demand a better knowledge about the consumers, this research primarily aims to analyze the influence of gaucho ethnocentrism in the process of perception of consumer innovativeness. This research has a quantitative approach with a descriptive and inferential view. The quantitative data collection took place in universities in Rio Grande do Sul, by means of two instruments. The first one, denominated “pilot study”, consisted of a survey with 100 students, asking them about what are the five most recognized trends in Rio Grande do Sul: the results of this survey showed that the two most mentioned trends were Polar and Fruki; thus, they were used as the questionnaires basis in the whole study. The second instrument was a structured questionnaire, carried out with 400 students. The study sample totalized 500 responding individuals. The data were purified and analyzed by means of techniques and tools. Most of the data were processed with the aid of Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Software (SPSS). Finally, the influences of ethnocentrism (low versus high) in the process of perception of consumer innovativeness were revealed. It is possible to asseverate that the averages found in those two constructs indicate that people with low ethnocentrism have lower averages in Specific Domain of Innovation and Innovative Behavior than those ones who have high ethnocentrism, what did not occur in the construct of Original Creativity. Then, the conclusion of this study is that the ethnocentrism becomes high due to the fact that Specific Domain of Innovation and Innovative Behavior are most linked to the external environment and to the influences existent on it, what does not occur with Original Creativity, which is related to the individual’s innate element.