The diploma work deals with social issues of specific learning disabilities at primary school. For research I used standardized tests and questionnaires that I gave to chosen pupils from the 4th, 5th and 6th grades. The aim of my dissertation is to find out if specific learning disability can influence pupil´s self-confidence and their sociometric position in the class.

Specific learning disabilities and social aspects are the key terms characterizing this diploma thesis. They are also the main theme of research. This issue is greatly widespread nowadays. These defects (disorders) represent a significant social problem all over the world. A psychological burden has influence not only on those children themselves, but also on parents as well as teachers. Except the negative influence on a child´s school success, specific learning disabilities have a secondary impact. They influence pupils´ self-assessment and their life among peers. The aim of the diploma thesis is to determine a severe impact of specific learning disabilities on a child´s self-assessment and its position among classmates. The thesis consists of two parts: theoretical and practical. The theoretical part is focused on the interpretation of knowledge about the theme. There is briefly mentioned a historical overview of specific learning disabilities and it describes the origin, demonstration or occurrence of the most widespread specific learning disability - dyslexia - especially its social aspects. The practical part acquaints readers with research. There is a sample of tested children with their casuistries, tests and results with tables and charts.

The diploma thesis is focused on a specific learning disability, so called dyslexia. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. Basic characteristics, symptoms and causes of specific learning disabilities, such as dyslexia, dysgraphia, dysortographia and dyscalculia, are desctibed in the theoretical part of the thesis. Special attention is devoted to the differences in terminology of the specific learning disabilities. The practical part analyses time aspect of dyslexia diagnosis, re-education process, and further-more, the frequency of incidence according to the gender issues.

The thesis is focused on children with reading and writing disorders from the perspective of parents. The work is characterized by specific learning issues with focus on dyslexia and other learning disabilities. It also deals with possible causes, diagnosis and correction of specific learning disabilities. Research is focused on the educanional development of children with reading disabilities from the perspective of parents. To what extent are parents aware of the problems of dyslexia, how they perceive your child's diagnosis and how it affected access to it.

The topics of this diploma thesis are dictations and orthographic exercises within didactics of the Czech language. The thesis consists of theoretical part, which contains a definition of the term didactics of Czech language, its inclusion among the other fields of science and their relationship. In this part of the thesis, I also focus on orthography, which includes dictation. The core of the theoretical part is characteristics of dictation, principles of dictated text and evaluation and classification of a written dictation. A part of the thesis is also a chapter dealing with specific learning disabilities. The practical part of this diploma thesis is dedicated to the analysis of textbooks of Czech language and orthographic publications. Detailed description of each particular dictation focusing on punctuation is presented in this part. At the end of the thesis is a brief summary and evaluation of the analysis of individual types of dictation and alternatively orthographic exercises.

This diploma thesis deals with the self-concept of children in the class which have the specific diseases of learning. These kids are in their pre-adolescent age (12-15 years). The first part of the thesis gives the definitions related to the discussed topic and these defined terms aim to offer basic information to the reader about the issue. The next part reflects the research itself which aspires to find out and compare the self-concept of children with the specific learning disorder with children who were not diagnosed with this disease. The standardized tests were used for the research which allowed to find out the level of extroversion, introversion and neuroticism in case of children and also, these research were used to find out whether there is an effort for desiderabiltiy, and further such child´s positiion among other kids, his imagination of learning skills and abilities in different subject; i.e. whether the types of specific learning disorder can negatively influence mental stability of the child and whether these have a contribution in relation to his possible neurotic development.

As the United States (U.S.) population continues to change and become racially/ethnically, culturally, linguistically, and economically diverse, so does the population in public schools (Institute of Education Sciences, 2010). Additionally, the number of culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) students has been overrepresented in the subgroup of students with learning disabilities (SLD) (Artiles & Ortiz, 2002; Kalynpur & Harry, 2012; Klingner & Harry, 2014). Therefore, there is a need to adapt the curriculum and pedagogy to teach the growing number of diverse students in public schools. The results of national assessments show that students of color have lagged behind their White counterparts in mathematics achievement over the years (Cortes, Goodman, & Nomi, 2013). Despite the push to remediate this problem, teachers continue to use ineffective teacher-led practices and the achievement gap persists across public schools (Williams, 2011). The use of cultural responsive teaching (CRT) among CLD students is promising (Santamaria, 2009). However, there is need to investigate the use of these practices in Algebra I courses with CLD students with SLD. The present 17-week pre-post study compared student achievement in Algebra I courses between two groups of CLD students with SLD (N=63). These groups were (a) 31 students who received CRT (treatment group) by teachers who received CRT training and (b) 32 students who received instruction by teachers who did not receive CRT training (control group). There are significant differences between the treatment and the control group on the CLD students with SLD Algebra I Mid-Year Assessment (MYA) and the students’ Mathematics Self-Efficacy scores (MSES). The teachers’ level of cultural consciousness had an insignificant covariance on the Algebra I MYA, yet the teachers’ observations and their cultural responsive self-assessment had a direct effect on the Algebra I MYA. Additionally, there was not significant interaction between MSES and TCS on the students’ Algebra I MYA. The results of the study suggest that the use of CRT is a promising practice to improve CLD students’ with SLD Algebra I achievement and perhaps close the math achievement gap.

Black students, in general, are underserved academically (Darling-Hammond, 2000; Townsend, 2002) and overrepresented in special education (Donovan & Cross, 2002). Black students with disabilities are further overrepresented in more restrictive educational environments (Skiba, Poloni-Staudinger, Gallini, Simmons & Feggins-Azziz, 2006). Although the National Longitudinal Transition Study 2 (NLTS2) revealed that the academic performance of students with learning disabilities is positively related to the percentage of courses taken in the general education setting (Newman, 2006), the research specifically on placement of Black students with disabilities, particularly at the secondary level, as it relates to academic achievement is lacking. While previous studies have sought to determine which placement is better for students with disabilities, no study was found that specifically examined the impact of placement specific to Black students with specific learning disabilities (SLD) in urban settings (Fore, III, Hagan-Burke, Burke, Boon & Smith, 2008; Rea, McLaughlin & Walther-Thomas, 2002). This study examined educational placement, instructional best practices, and achievement gains of Black students with SLD in urban secondary settings using an ex post facto research design. Achievement, placement, and demographic data were collected and analyzed on approximately 314 Black eighth grade students with SLD. The Teacher Instructional Practices Survey was developed and used to collect and analyze data from the teachers of 78 of these students as it relates to instructional best practices. Results indicate no significant difference in reading but a significant difference in math gains of students served in inclusive settings as compared to resource settings with a small effect size. Also, no significant relationship was found between achievement gains and the reported use of instructional best practices. However, there was a relationship between educational placement and the use of instructional best practices. The results implied that there is a need for training with both general and special education teachers on instructional best practices for SWD and that there should be certain IEP team considerations when making placement decisions for this population of students with disabilities. It is recommended that future research in this area include classroom observations and factors other than test scores to measure growth in achievement.

The reading process is a demanding cognitive process. With it, we achieve various levels of reading literacy. Pupils with dyslexia face not only problems mastering the reading technique, but also comprehension of the text. The main goal of the diploma thesis is to assess and find out how the learning process of pupils with dyslexia at the second stage of primary school takes place with regard to the reading process, which is weakened in these pupils. The partial goal of the diploma thesis is to find out which methods are used by teachers when working with pupils with dyslexia. The diploma thesis is processed as a qualitative research investigation using the technique of observation of a selected group in the educational process (second grade students), analysis of student documentation and interviews with students, their parents and teachers according to a pre-prepared scenario. The diploma thesis deals with the influence of the use of intervention aids on the educational process of pupils with dyslexia at the second stage of primary school and the suitability of individual aids for intervention in specific cases.

The diploma thesis deals with the education of pupils with specific learning disabilities. The theoretical part deals with the definitions of specific learning disabilities, the needs of students and the possibilities of re-education of individual disorders. There are defined degrees and types of support, legislation that regulates the education of students with special needs, but also other opportunities for their education. The practical part deals with case studies or observations of students with SPU, then a questionnaire survey, which seeks to answer the question of how teachers worked with students with SPU at the time of distance learning, whether they succeeded educational goals and also with what difficulties pupils struggled. The questionnaire survey is supplemented by structured interviews with teachers who participated in the education of students during distance learning.