by Leung Kai Hon. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1992. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 94-97). / INTRODUCTION / Chapter Part I. --- SPEECH SYNTHESIS THEORY / Chapter 1. --- Human Speech And Its Production Model --- p.4 / Chapter 1.1. --- Articulatory Organs / Chapter 1.2. --- Categories Of Sounds / Chapter 1.3. --- Speech As A Language / Chapter 1.4. --- Modeling Of Human Speech Production Process / Chapter 2. --- Conventional Speech synthesis --- p.8 / Chapter 2.1. --- Overview / Chapter 2.2. --- Concatenation Synthesis / Chapter 2.3. --- Synthesis-By-Rule / Chapter 2.4. --- Linear-Prediction Vocoder / Chapter 3. --- Speech Analysis In The Frequency domain --- p.16 / Chapter 3.1. --- Speech Analysis By Linear-Prediction / Chapter 3.2. --- Formants Calculation By LPC / Chapter 3.3. --- Formant Tracking / Chapter 3.4. --- Parametric Representation Of Formant Transition / Chapter 4. --- Formant-Based Speech Synthesis --- p.28 / Chapter 4.1. --- Synthesis Strategy / Chapter 4.2. --- Text-to-phonemes Processing / Chapter 4.3. --- Formant Transition Estimation / Chapter 4.4. --- Formant-to-speech Conversion / Chapter 5. --- Speaker Calibration Of A Formant Synthesizer --- p.45 / Chapter 5.1. --- Naturalness and Speaker Dependency / Chapter 5.2. --- A Feed-Back Speech Synthesis System To Enhance Speech-Dependent Characteristics / Chapter 5.3. --- Three experiments On Cantonese Synthesis / Chapter 5.4. --- More About Naturalness / Chapter Part II. --- SPEECH SYNTHESIZER IMPLEMENTATIONS / Chapter 6. --- ALAB -------A Speech Analyzing Tool --- p.65 / Chapter 6.1. --- Overview / Chapter 6.2. --- Speech Sampling And Playing / Chapter 6.3. --- Waveform Editing Facilities / Chapter 6.4. --- Energy Envelop Estimation / Chapter 6.5. --- FFT Analysis Of Speech / Chapter 6.6. --- LPC Analysis Of Speech / Chapter 6.7. --- TIMIT Database Accessing / Chapter 7. --- CALT ------- A Phoneme-To-Parameter Module --- p.71 / Chapter 7.1. --- Overview / Chapter 7.2. --- Input and Output Data / Chapter 7.3. --- Parameter Table Attributes / Chapter 7.4. --- Phonemes Classification / Chapter 7.5. --- Locating Formant Targets In Time Domain / Chapter 7.6. --- Synthesis Rule / Chapter 8. --- LSYNTH -------Formants-To-Speech Conversion --- p.79 / Chapter 8.1. --- Overview / Chapter 8.2. --- Input And Output Data / Chapter 8.3. --- Voicing Source / Chapter 8.4. --- Linear Smoothing Of The Gain Factor / Chapter 9. --- MATCHW ------Feed-Back Speech Synthesis system --- p.82 / Chapter 9.1. --- Overview / Chapter 9.2. --- Feed-Back Procedure / Chapter 9.3. --- Manual Parameter Prediction Process / Chapter 10. --- TPIT -------Six Tones Control Program in Cantonese --- p.84 / Chapter 10.1 --- Tonal Features In Cantonese / Chapter 10.2. --- Modeling Of Tone Trajectories In Cantonese / Chapter 10.3. --- Tone Patterns And Speaker Dependency / Chapter part III. --- CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSIONS / REFERENCE / Chapter APPENDIX A ----- --- Phoneme Symbols / Chapter APPENDIX B ----- --- Output File Format Of CALT / Chapter APPENDIX C----- --- Parameter Table Attributes / Chapter APPENDIX D----- --- TIMIT Database Accessing Scheme / Chapter APPENDIX E ----- --- LPC Analysis Modules / Chapter APPENDIX F------ --- Common Speech File Format

by Yu Wai Leung. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1993. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 94-96). / Abstract --- p.1 / Introduction --- p.2 / Chapter 1. --- Human speech and its production model / Chapter 1.1 --- The human vocal system --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2 --- Speech production mechanism --- p.5 / Chapter 1.3 --- Acoustic properties of human speech --- p.5 / Chapter 1.4 --- Modeling the speech production process --- p.6 / Chapter 1.5 --- Speech as the spoken form of a language --- p.7 / Chapter 2. --- Speech analysis techniques / Chapter 2.1 --- Short time speech analysis and speech segmentation --- p.9 / Chapter 2.2 --- Pre-emphasis --- p.9 / Chapter 2.3 --- Linear predictive analysis --- p.10 / Chapter 2.4 --- Formant tracking --- p.13 / Chapter 2.5 --- Pitch determination --- p.20 / Chapter 3. --- Speech synthesis technology / Chapter 3.1 --- Overview --- p.24 / Chapter 3.2 --- Articulatory synthesis --- p.24 / Chapter 3.3 --- Concatenation synthesis --- p.24 / Chapter 3.4 --- LPC synthesis --- p.27 / Chapter 3.5 --- Formant speech synthesis --- p.28 / Chapter 3.6 --- Synthesis by rule --- p.29 / Chapter 4. --- LSYNTH: A parallel formant synthesizer / Chapter 4.1 --- Overview / Chapter 4.2 --- Synthesizer configuration: cascade and parallel --- p.32 / Chapter 4.3 --- Structure ofLSYNTH --- p.33 / Chapter 5. --- Automatic formant parameter extraction for parallel formant synthesizers / Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.47 / Chapter 5.2 --- The idea of a feedback analysis system --- p.48 / Chapter 5.3 --- Overview of the feedback analysis system --- p.49 / Chapter 5.4 --- Iterative spectral matching algorithm --- p.52 / Chapter 5.5 --- Results and discussions --- p.65 / Chapter 6. --- Generate formant trajectories in synthesis-by-rule systems / Chapter 6.1 --- Formant trajectories generation in synthesis-by-rule systems --- p.70 / Chapter 6.2 --- Modeling formant transitions --- p.71 / Chapter 6.3 --- Conventional formant transition calculation --- p.72 / Chapter 6.4 --- The 4-point Bezier curve model --- p.73 / Chapter 6.5 --- Modeling of formant transitions for Cantonese --- p.77 / Chapter 7. --- Some listening test results / Chapter 7.1 --- Introduction --- p.87 / Chapter 7.2 --- Tone recognition test --- p.87 / Chapter 7.3 --- Cantonese final recognition test --- p.89 / Chapter 7.4 --- Problems and discussions --- p.91 / Conclusion --- p.92 / References --- p.94 / Appendix A: The Cantonese phonetic system --- p.97 / "Appendix B: TPIT, A tone trajectory generator for Cantonese" --- p.103

No description available.

University of Macau / Faculty of Science and Technology / Department of Mathematics

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No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

Thesis (M Elec Eng) -- University of South Australia, 1992

This paper studies the quality of synthetic speech produced by integrated circuit (IC) hardware using fixed-point arithmetic and Linear Predictive Coding (LPC). A theoretical model explaining the combined effects of finite wordlength and parametric model order is developed. This model is used to predict the results obtained in the experimental phase of this study. In the experimental phase, selected model utterances are synthesized under finite wordlength constraints using LPC parameters. The synthetic speech is evaluated in terms of the log area ratios which define objective speech quality as a parametric distance. A theoretical model is developed to predict the experimental results. Simulations of this model produce data that predict the experimental results. The same information is extracted from the model as that obtained from actually running the fixed-point synthesizer simulator. Since the predictions of the theoretical model agree quite well with the experimental measurements, it is concluded that fixed-point synthesizer performance can be predicted without actually running a complicated and expensive fixed-point synthesizer. Secondly, results obtained from either method clearly indicate that for 15 or 16 bits, ten is the best number of poles to use. Eight useable poles are indicated for 14 bits, while seven are indicated for 13 bits. Based on the results of this study, the use of less than 13 bits for fixed-point calculations is not recommended.