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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

On the critical behavior of the XX spin-1/2 chain under correlated quenched disorder / O comportamento crítico da cadeia XX de spin-1/2 sob desordem correlacionada e independente do tempo

Getelina, João Carlos de Andrade 25 February 2016 (has links)
This work provides a full description of the critical behavior of the XX spin-1/2 chain under correlated quenched disorder. Previous investigations have shown that the introduction of correlation between couplings in the random XX model gives rise to a novel critical behavior, where the infinite-randomness critical point of the uncorrelated case is replaced by a family of finite-disorder critical points that depends on the disorder strength. Here it is shown that most of the critical exponents of the XX model with correlated randomness are equal to clean (without disorder) chain values and do not depend on disorder strength, except the critical dynamical exponent and the anomalous dimension. The former increases monotonically with disorder strength, whereas the results obtained for the latter are unreliable. Furthermore, the scaling relations between the critical exponents were also tested and it was found that those involving the system dimensionality, namely the hyperscaling and Fisher´s scaling relations, are not respected. Measurements of the Rényi entanglement entropy of the system at criticality have also been performed, and it is shown that the scaling behavior of the correlated-disorder case is similar to the theoretical prediction for the clean chain, displaying the same finite-size correction and a disorder-dependent effective central charge in the leading term of the scaling. Further corrections to the scaling of the entanglement entropy were also investigated, but the results are inconclusive. The model was studied via exact numerical diagonalization of the corresponding Hamiltonian. / Este trabalho proporciona uma descrição completa do comportamento crítico da cadeia XX de spin-1/2 sob desordem correlacionada e independente do tempo. Investigações prévias mostraram que a introdução de correlação entre os acoplamentos da cadeia XX desordenada ocasiona o aparecimento de um novo comportamento crítico, onde o ponto crítico de desordem infinita da cadeia não-correlacionada é substituído por uma família de pontos críticos com desordem finita que depende da intensidade da desordem. Mostra-se aqui que a maioria dos expoentes críticos da cadeia XX com desordem correlacionada são iguais aos valores da cadeia limpa (sem desordem) e não dependem da intensidade da desordem, com exceção do expoente dinâmico crítico e da dimensão anômala. O primeiro cresce monotonicamente com a intensidade da desordem, enquanto que para o segundo os resultados obtidos não são confiáveis. Além disso, as relações de escala entre os expoentes críticos também foram testadas, e encontrou-se que aquelas envolvendo a dimensionalidade do sistema, isto é as relações de hiperescala e de Fisher, não são respeitadas. Medidas da entropia de emaranhamento de Rényi do sistema na criticalidade também foram efetuadas, e mostra-se que o comportamento de escala do caso com desordem correlacionada é semelhante à previsão teórica para a cadeia limpa, exibindo a mesma correção de tamanho finito e uma carga central dependente da desordem no termo principal da função de escala. Correções adicionais à função de escala da entropia de emaranhamento também foram investigadas, mas os resultados são inconclusivos. O modelo foi estudado pela diagonalização numérica exata do Hamiltoniano correspondente.
2

On the critical behavior of the XX spin-1/2 chain under correlated quenched disorder / O comportamento crítico da cadeia XX de spin-1/2 sob desordem correlacionada e independente do tempo

João Carlos de Andrade Getelina 25 February 2016 (has links)
This work provides a full description of the critical behavior of the XX spin-1/2 chain under correlated quenched disorder. Previous investigations have shown that the introduction of correlation between couplings in the random XX model gives rise to a novel critical behavior, where the infinite-randomness critical point of the uncorrelated case is replaced by a family of finite-disorder critical points that depends on the disorder strength. Here it is shown that most of the critical exponents of the XX model with correlated randomness are equal to clean (without disorder) chain values and do not depend on disorder strength, except the critical dynamical exponent and the anomalous dimension. The former increases monotonically with disorder strength, whereas the results obtained for the latter are unreliable. Furthermore, the scaling relations between the critical exponents were also tested and it was found that those involving the system dimensionality, namely the hyperscaling and Fisher´s scaling relations, are not respected. Measurements of the Rényi entanglement entropy of the system at criticality have also been performed, and it is shown that the scaling behavior of the correlated-disorder case is similar to the theoretical prediction for the clean chain, displaying the same finite-size correction and a disorder-dependent effective central charge in the leading term of the scaling. Further corrections to the scaling of the entanglement entropy were also investigated, but the results are inconclusive. The model was studied via exact numerical diagonalization of the corresponding Hamiltonian. / Este trabalho proporciona uma descrição completa do comportamento crítico da cadeia XX de spin-1/2 sob desordem correlacionada e independente do tempo. Investigações prévias mostraram que a introdução de correlação entre os acoplamentos da cadeia XX desordenada ocasiona o aparecimento de um novo comportamento crítico, onde o ponto crítico de desordem infinita da cadeia não-correlacionada é substituído por uma família de pontos críticos com desordem finita que depende da intensidade da desordem. Mostra-se aqui que a maioria dos expoentes críticos da cadeia XX com desordem correlacionada são iguais aos valores da cadeia limpa (sem desordem) e não dependem da intensidade da desordem, com exceção do expoente dinâmico crítico e da dimensão anômala. O primeiro cresce monotonicamente com a intensidade da desordem, enquanto que para o segundo os resultados obtidos não são confiáveis. Além disso, as relações de escala entre os expoentes críticos também foram testadas, e encontrou-se que aquelas envolvendo a dimensionalidade do sistema, isto é as relações de hiperescala e de Fisher, não são respeitadas. Medidas da entropia de emaranhamento de Rényi do sistema na criticalidade também foram efetuadas, e mostra-se que o comportamento de escala do caso com desordem correlacionada é semelhante à previsão teórica para a cadeia limpa, exibindo a mesma correção de tamanho finito e uma carga central dependente da desordem no termo principal da função de escala. Correções adicionais à função de escala da entropia de emaranhamento também foram investigadas, mas os resultados são inconclusivos. O modelo foi estudado pela diagonalização numérica exata do Hamiltoniano correspondente.
3

Dynamique et ergodicité des chaînes de spins quantiques critiques de Fredkin et Ising–Kawasaki

Longpré, Gabriel 12 1900 (has links)
Ce mémoire est composé de deux articles portant respectivement sur les chaînes de spin–1/2 critiques quantiques d’Ising–Kawasaki et de Fredkin. La première chaîne provient d’une chaîne d’Ising classique couplée à un bain thermique par une dynamique de Kawasaki. La deuxième chaîne est une généralisation de la chaîne fortement intriquée de Motzkin. Les deux chaînes sont étudiées avec des conditions frontière périodiques. L’objectif principal est de caractériser la dynamique de ces deux chaînes. D’abord, les exposants critiques dynamiques obtenus suggèrent que, à basse énergie, les deux systèmes comportent de multiples dynamiques. Dans les secteurs à un et deux magnons, nous obtenons un exposant z = 2 pour les deux chaînes. Pour la chaîne d’Ising–Kawasaki, à fort couplage, l’exposant dynamique global est plutôt z = 3. Pour la chaîne de Fredkin, l’exposant dépend de la parité de la longueur de la chaîne. Nous obtenons z = 3.23 ± 0.20 dans le cas pair et z = 2.71 ± 0.09 dans le cas impair. Ensuite, les symétries des systèmes permettent d’obtenir les états propres comme solutions d’ondes de spin dans les secteurs à un et deux magnons. Ces solutions sont présentées pour les deux chaînes et nous étudions leurs continuums de dispersion. Cependant, l’étude de la statistique des niveaux d’énergie indique que de telles solutions ne peuvent être obtenues dans les secteurs de polarisation plus basse. En effet, la distribution des espacements des niveaux d’énergie normalisés dans les secteurs faiblement polarisés correspond à une distribution de Wigner. Selon la conjecture de Berry-Tabor, cela indique que les deux systèmes ne sont pas intégrables. Finalement, pour la chaîne de Fredkin, nous étudions la dispersion des états faiblement excités. Cette dispersion est anomale puisqu’elle dépend de la longueur de la chaîne. En combinant le facteur d’échelle de l’amplitude des branches avec l’exposant dynamique à impulsion fixée, on trouve un exposant dynamique critique z = 2.8. / This thesis is composed of two scientific articles studying respectively the critial quantum spin-1/2 chains of Ising–Kawasaki and Fredkin. The first chain comes from a classical Ising chain coupled to a thermal bath via the Kawasaki dynamic. The second chain is a generalization of the strongly entangled Motzkin chain. The two chains are studied with periodic boundary conditions. The main objective is to characterize the dynamics of these two chains. First, the dynamical critical exponents obtained suggest that, at low energy, the two systems host multiple dynamics. In the one and two magnon sectors, we get an exponent z = 2 for the two chains. For the Ising–Kawasaki chain, at strong coupling, the global dynamical exponent is rather z = 3. For the Fredkin chain, the exponent depends on the parity of the length of the chain. We get z = 3.23 ± 0.20 in the even case and z = 2.71 ± 0.09 in the odd case. Afterwards, the symmetries of the systems make it possible to obtain the eigenstates as spin wave solutions in the one- and two- magnon sectors. These solutions are presented for the two chains and their dispersion continua is studied. However, the study of the statistics of energy levels indicates that such solutions cannot be obtained in lower polarization sectors. Indeed, the distribution of the spacings of the normalized energy levels in the weakly polarized sectors corresponds to a Wigner distribution. According to the Berry-Tabor conjecture, this indicates that the two systems are not integrable. Finally, for the Fredkin chain, we study the dispersion of weakly excited states. This dispersion is anomalous since it depends on the length of the chain. By combining the branch amplitude scaling with the fixed momentum dynamic exponent, we find a dynamical critical exponent z = 2.8.

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