MRDV / Institute for Rural Development / Over the past decade, there has been increased attention in international development literature on the concept of ‘development through sport’. Sport has long been used in various capacities of development practice especially in lower income countries. Various studies on sport development in rural areas have been undertaken. However, they do not provide a clear explanation of the major factors that constrain the growth and improvement of sport in rural communities in most developing countries. This study focused on identifying the factors that limit sport development in the rural areas of Mutoko District in Zimbabwe. A mixed method approach was followed. The first phase was exploratory and qualitative in nature. In phase 2, quantitative studies, which were mainly confirmatory were carried out. Youth (males and females), men, women, disabled people, school heads, District administrators, club coaches, chiefs and headmen were the respondents. Focus group discussions, participant observation, semi structured interviewing and assistive devices were used to gather data in the first phase. The Thematic Content Analysis was used to analyse the data. A questionnaire containing both open and closed-ended questions was used to confirm the results of phase one. Frequencies were calculated using the IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0. Sport development in Mutoko District was found to be poor, mainly as a result of multiple challenges such as inadequate funding, poor sporting infrastructure, low stakeholder support, shortage of qualified coaches, and lack of appropriate attire and equipment. Schools played a significant role in providing sporting opportunities for the youth in the District. Male youth were reported to be more readily participating part in sporting activities compared to their female counterparts. This was said to be due to the existence of only one professional sport club for males in the District. Apart from this, there was poor awareness and appreciating of the benefits of participating in sporting activities. Based on these results, it was recommended that government support in terms of funding and availing sport infrastructure was crucial in promoting sport development. Grassroots community members and other local stakeholders could support sporting activities through schools.

The subject of this thesis is to design complex of natural swimming pool. The aim is to create a space where people feel comfortable and safe. There are four buildings designed, entrance building with a ticket office, cloakrooms, refreshments and wellness. The area has several playgrounds and sandbox. The terrain is contoured and planted with vegetation.

"Since we move in time through a sequence of spaces, we experience a space in relation to where we've been and where we anticipate going." Francis Ching This thesis illustrates the exploration of path and space relationships to establish an order for supporting a range of activities. / Master of Architecture

Architectural decision making, in terms of a formal design methodology, must be based on a sincere understanding and sympathetic employment of architectural building materials. These materials, each with their own inherent tectonics, come together to formulate a network of inter-dependent relationships categorized as material accommodation. Material accommodation consists of three specific areas. First, as indicators of formal issues, secondly, they will communicate structural awareness, and finally from a syntactic dimension. / Master of Architecture

An open and flat parcel of land sits as blank as a sheet of paper. The site has neither order nor scale to its presence. A Datum refers to a line, plane, or volume of reference to which other elements in a composition can relate. It organizes a random pattern of elements through its regularity, continuity, and constant presence. For example, the lines of a musical staff serve as a datum in providing the visual basis for reading notes and the relative pitches of their tone. The regularity of their spacing and their continuity organizes, clarities, and accentuates the differences between the series of notes in a musical composition. —Ching The purpose of this design investigation will be the creation of a project which, using the ideas of the datum, will meet all my concerns and criteria as the composer of this thesis. / Master of Architecture

All material in nature, the mountains and the streams and the air and we, are made of Light which has been spent, and this crumpled mass called material casts a shadow, and the shadow belongs to Light. Louis I. Kahn¹ I like complexity and contradiction in architecture. I do not like the incoherence or arbitrariness of incompetent architecture nor the precious intricacies of picturesqueness or expressionism. Instead, I speak of a complex and contradictory architecture based on the richness and ambiguity of modern experience, including that experience which is inherent in art. Robert Venturi² / Master of Architecture

"The room is not only the beginning of architecture: it is an extension of self. If you think about it, you realize that you don't say the same thing in a small room that you say in a large room. If I were to speak in a great hall, I would have to pick one person who smiles at me in order to be able to speak at all. "The large room and the small room, the tall room and the low room, the room with the fireplace and the room without, all become great events in your mind. You begin to think, not what are the requirements, but rather what are the elements of architecture that you can employ to make an environment in which it is good to learn, good to live, or good to work." Louis I Kahn¹ "A good structural organism worked out passionately in detail and in general appearance is essential to good architecture, structural architecture leads to that synthesis of static—aesthetic activity, technical knowledge and mastery of execution which produced the masterpieces of the past." Pier Luigi Nervi² / Master of Architecture

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Indianapolis created a whole new city identity using sports development and sports tourism as the primary drivers of change in the 1960’s and 1970’s. Since then, other cities have adopted the philosophy of using sport as a catalyst to improve the economic conditions of the city. This same philosophy has seemingly trickled down to small cities across the United States in the form of youth travel sport complex development. The size of the youth travel sport segment has reportedly reached $7 billion by the National Association of Sports Commissions, resulting in the rapid development of youth sports complexes in small cities and towns. The size and scope of these facilities entering the segment range from 50 acres to as many as 400 contiguous acres costing millions of dollars. Additionally, the perceived economic impact accompanying the development of such facilities are often overinflated due to the diversity of methods used in market analyses, feasibility studies, economic impact analyses, cost-benefit analyses, and Turco’s triple-bottom-line analysis. A more systematic process is needed to assign key performance indicators and identify the critical components that will assist in the decision to enter the segment and at what capacity. This study is designed to identify the necessary critical components to reach the desired economic impacts associated with youth sport complex development. Qualitative constant comparative method of data analysis was utilized in identifying commonly identified critical components (CICC) believed to contribute to the success and sustainability of a youth sports complex.

Title: Conditions for the organized and unorganized sport children aged 11-15 years in Brandýs nad Labem - Stará Boleslav Targets: The aim of this thesis is find out the relation of children aged 11-15 years in Brandýs nad Labem - Stará Boleslav to sports activities and find out their satisfaction with the spatial and material conditions for the sport. Methods: To obtain the necessary data was used the method of quantitative empirical research using questionnaires. It was also used data analysis and semi-structured interviews. Quantitative data were processed by PC programs Microsoft Excel and Statistica. Results: The results of the survey revealed satisfaction of the respondents with the conditions for the organized and unorganized sport in the city. It was also found out what kinds of sports facilities and sports clubs are missed by the respondents in Brandýs nad Labem - Stará Boleslav. Key words: Organized Sport, unorganized sport, conditions for sport, sport facilities, sport organizations, children aged 11-15 years, Brandýs nad Labem - Stará Boleslav.

Thesis (MTech. degree in Architecture (Professional))--Tshwane University of Technology, 2010. / Major effort and substantial financing has gone into the recent upgrade of South African stadiums, exclusively for the FIFA World Cup 2010. It included building new stadiums, upgrading existing ones and improving infrastructure and services. After the Soccer World Cup, the country is obliged to maintain these very expensive stadiums and the infrastructure. In order to maintain them, it will not be sufficient only to organise events, but it will also require regular daily activities as well as further usage in order for them to be viable in the future. This thesis specifically focuses on the FNB Stadium in Nasrec, Johannesburg, in terms of the context mentioned above. By providing educational and research facilities, the Stadium, the venue and the surrounding area becomes a more diversified and community friendly place. The educational facilities envisaged are intended to accommodate a Soccer Academy.