Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:27:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 OthonMMA.pdf: 955144 bytes, checksum: 29d720958ad489287500017f5cfaa75c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-08-23 / In Brazil, constitutional clauses regarding religious freedom have concrete applications in Private Law. Church-State Law, or "Ecclesiastical Law of the State," studies the legal principles which may be applicable to religious activity, exercised individually and collectively. The study of Church-State Law in Brazil lacks a thorough introduction to the constitutional and civil aspects of religious organizations: such an introduction is the main end of this work. Following a brief introduction, the main aspects of religious freedom and the principle of private autonomy as it concerns religious organizations are explained. A careful introductory analysis of Church-State Law in Brazil is thus developed: (1) the historical aspects, including a detailed account of the relations between Catholicism, the established religion up to 1889, and the government; (2) the current constitutional principles, as presented in the text of the federal Constitution of 1988, regarding the rights and claims of religious organizations; (3) how the same constitutional principles are to be used in the interpretation of Private Law (especially the Civil Code of 2002), fostering and preserving the uniqueness of religious organizations in the Brazilian legal system. A brief complementary chapter presents some aspects of the legal position of religious institutions in three other nations whose constitutional documents have influenced the current Brazilian federal Constitution (France, Spain, and the United States) / As garantias constitucionais de prote??o ? liberdade religiosa t?m aplica??o concreta no Direito Privado. O Direito Eclesi?stico do Estado (isto ?, o estudo das normas jur?dicas aplic?veis ao fen?meno religioso, em suas manifesta??es individuais ou coletivas) carece, no Brasil, de um estudo introdut?rio da posi??o constitucional e infraconstitucional das organiza??es religiosas, lacuna que o presente texto visa suprir. A breve an?lise abrangente do problema, segue-se apresenta??o dos princ?pios da liberdade religiosa e da autonomia privada aplicada ?s organiza??es religiosas. Um estudo cuidadoso sobre o hist?rico do Direito brasileiro do fen?meno religioso prefacia os pontos centrais da pesquisa: a defini??o dos princ?pios constitucionais estruturais do Direito Eclesi?stico no Brasil e a aplica??o pr?tica desses princ?pios no ?mbito do Direito Privado das pessoas jur?dicas de natureza religiosa (as organiza??es religiosas). Finalmente, apresenta-se a situa??o das pessoas jur?dicas religiosas no Direito Comparado, escolhidos ordenamentos jur?dicos nacionais que tamb?m guiam-se pela autonomia das esferas pol?tica e religiosa

Cette étude se livre à l’analyse de la faculté de "dépeçage" du contrat dont disposent les parties à un contrat international afin de le soumettre à différents systèmes de règles. Permise par le principe d’autonomie de la volonté, cette figure a été consacrée par la Convention de Rome, devenue règlement Rome I, qui constitue le droit international privé français et européen en matière contractuelle. L’intérêt de cette technique a ensuite été renouvelé par la Proposition de règlement Rome 1 dont la nouveauté réside dans l'admission de la combinaison non seulement entre différentes lois étatiques comme c'est le cas actuellement, mais également entre des lois étatiques avec des lois a-étatiques. A cet égard, les contours théorique du terme sont explorés. Le droit des contrats étant avant tout un droit pratique, cette étude se propose d’évaluer l'intérêt réel de la mesure envisagée pour les opérateurs du commerce international. L’intérêt de la démonstration repose notamment sur la méthodologie de recherche employée, la question du dépeçage du contrat étant étudiée tant sur un plan théorique que précisée sur le plan pratique. / This study aims at analyzing contractual “dépeçage” or “contractual splitting”. This ability allow the parties to an international contract to distribute it between different laws. The figure has been enshrined in the Rome Convention, that became the Rome I Regulation, which now constitutes the actual French and European private international law of contract. The advantage of this technique was then renewed by the Proposal for a Regulation Rome 1 whose novelty lies in the admission of the combination, not only between different state laws as it is currently the case, but also, between state laws and non-state laws. In this respect, the theoretical contours of the term are explored. And since contract law is primarily a practical law, this study aims to assess the real value of the measure for international operators. The interest of the demonstration is therefore based on the methodology of the research, the issue split the contract being discussed both on a theoretical level, as on a practical point of view.